BROADCASTING OF ELECTRONIC DOCUMENTS PRESERVING COPYRIGHT AND PERMITTING PRIVATE COPYING

Description

TECHNICAL DOMAIN OF THE INVENTION

Distribution of electronic documents for the general public, on physical medium, or by public or private telecommunication network.

STATE-OF-THE-ART, PROBLEM POSED

Literary works, or more simply studies or other documents with which copyrights are associated can be offered to the public in new forms, in addition to traditional paper printing. These new forms are electronic documents delivered in various standard formats such as PDF (Portable Document Format) from Adobe Systems or LIT from Microsoft. Each of these companies provides a free viewer which enables the reading of such documents on, according to the case, desktop computers, portable computers, personal digital assistants, mobile phones and more generally on all types of devices comprising a processor, permanent memory and supporting the programs.

Since these documents, delivered on physical media such as CD-ROM, or downloaded from the private or public network like the Internet are in electronic form, they are easily and infinitely copyable to the detriment of the legitimate copyrights.

To guarantee the copyrights, the companies originating the reading formats have associated digital rights to the documents which specify the actions permitted on the documents, like permission to print, make copies, add annotations, etc. These actions are managed by a rights server which delivers a copy of the document and its rights to the customer on one or a plurality of machines in limited number. Subsequently, the customer may not make another copy on another machine, even if it involves a private copy.

The present invention enables the customer who bought a document on CD-ROM, or by the Internet, to consult it on an arbitrary machine supporting the format of the chosen reader, and make as many private copies as desired, without that's threatening the legitimate copyrights.

THE INVENTION

The use that a reader may make of an electronic document is not the same as for a printed document. For a new concept, a new usage. It is not useful for an electronic document to replace a printed document in all its functions. One must instead imagine that an electronic document adds functions to the printed form, which remains the reference form, and the preferred archival form. In contrast, the downloadable and less costly electronic form can enable an immediate and easy consultation of the documents at home, and the documents can be stored in a small space.

But the acquisition of documents in electronic form for a modest cost must not threaten the copyrights. To do this, and it is the subject of the invention, each document downloaded (or delivered on CD-ROM) must contain the permanently acquired digital rights, like the right to print, a unique identifier, and a management agent managing the controlled consultation rights. This agent, for example, must enable opening the document some number of times per day, during a given period. Outside of these constraints, the document is not readable.

In order to confirm the rights associated with the document, this agent, named the supervision or supervisor agent, is added to each copy of the document. Upon each opening of the document, or by the selection of a particular object, such as an icon, this agent connects to a control server through a public or private network and provides it at least its unique identifier in encrypted form, and other control information if needed. In return, the server sends it a positive acknowledgment in encrypted form, if the document can be consulted. In the absence of this positive acknowledgment, the document cannot be consulted. The use of encrypted or masked data during the exchanges is indispensable for avoiding the usurping of the control server by a pirate server.

It can be clearly seen that this type of document can be recopied infinitely without threatening the rights of the author, because in any case, this document and all its copies having the same unique identifier will be seen as a single document by the control server. Reading them will therefore be conditional upon recording of all the accesses to the control server done by the original document and by all its copies. This method therefore enables private copying. Further, the transfer of the document to a third party only threatens the consultation rights acquired by the customer, and not the rights of the author.

The supervision agent of each electronic document is added to the customer's copy during the generation by a delivery server of said copy starting from the model of the original document. To do this, a library is used for creation of documents “on the fly”, where the programming interface provided by the companies, authors the electronic document standard formats. The assembly, agent plus documneiit, is sealed and protected by encryption mechanisms corresponding to the state-of-the-art, provided by the companies named above, such as Adobe Systems or Microsoft.

The digital rights permanently acquired by the customer are also included in the document that is created by the delivery server, as a function of the customer's choices, and the sales policy of the distributor. One can imagine a different order, with a different price for different rights: printing, copying, etc. rights.

Further, the sales price can take into account a longer or shorter period for consultation of the document, a longer or shorter daily consultation frequency, etc. These last criteria, which constitute digital rights controlled by the control server, together with the unique identifier of the document, are sent to the control server by the delivery server after generation of the customer copy.

This leads us to bring up the first element of the chain, which is the order server, in the case of downloadable documents. In the case of generation of documents on physical medium, there is no order server, because there is no order. The documents are generated by the delivery server with a unique identifier, without an order identifier.

This order server could be an http server, if it is accessible by Internet or intranet, and contain model documents to be distributed, an item database with, in particular, the prices, a customer database with the electronic messaging address of the customer and as needed, the identities and contact information of the customers, and an order database containing in particular the references of the works ordered. After agreement on the sales transaction between the customer and the distributor, for example after a valid payment by bankcard giving the right to consult a work from the database, a delivery recording of the document ordered is created on the delivery server, and then a message containing a link to the delivery server is sent to the customer, for example by electronic messaging.

The activation of this link by the customer triggers the generation of the specific copy intended for the customer based on the generic model of the document. This copy could contain a first page reviewing the identity and contact information of the customer, together with the consultation rights and the other digital rights that were acquired. At the end of the generation, a control record is created on the control server, containing at least the unique identifier of said copy, and other criteria such as the period of consultation and the daily consultation frequency. The document is next downloaded on the customer's machine, and the customer will have the opportunity of backing-up said document when the end-of-transfer message appears. The document thus supplemented and correctly received by the customer can only be generated one time but private copying can be done at any time.

The document can be consulted only within the constraints negotiated between the customer and the distributor at the time of the order on any machine supporting the chosen format and having access to the Internet, intranet or any other network as appropriate, which enables verification by the control server of the rights acquired by the customer concerning the digital work. At the end of the negotiated period, it can no longer be consulted at all.

Of course, the http server presenting the documents on the Internet, the order server, the delivery server and the control server can be supported by the same machine or by various machines.

In the case of delivery of documents on physical media, there is no http server, and no order server. There is only a delivery server and a control server.

THE DRAWINGS

FIG. 1/4

The most general sequencing of the actions for an order of a digital work through the Internet is described in FIG. 1/4.

1—The customer accesses the http order server, chooses their work in the reference database of works, and orders it.

2—The order server sends the order information to the delivery server, comprising at least the reference to the work, the customer contact information, the controllable consultation rights, and the other digital rights ordered.

3—The order server response to the customer's order by sending them, for example, by electronic messaging, a link towards the delivery server, comprising as a parameter at least the unique identifier of the copy ordered.

4—The customer activates this link, which causes the generation by the delivery server of a specific copy of the work ordered, containing the supervision agent for the document, and the other permanently acquired digital rights relating to the document, like the authorization to print or copy.

5—The delivery server sends the control information to the control server, including at least the unique identifier of said copy, and criteria such as the consultation period and the daily consultation frequency.

6—This specific copy generated by the delivery server is next downloaded to the customer station, and is then stored on the customer station. The customer can make a private copy of it then or later. Each copy contains the same unique identifier and the supervision agent.

7—In order for consultation, said copy sends a specific query, containing at least its unique identifier, through the public or private network to the control server.

8—In response, the control server returns to the customer the authorization to consult said copy, or a consultation refusal, according to the current rights concerning the work acquired by the customer.

9—The document can be consulted or not in the viewer chosen by the customer.

FIG. 2/4

Reading of the document with verification of the rights

7—The controller of the document sends a query containing at least its unique identifier towards the control server, through a public or private telecommunications network.

8—In response, the control server returns to the customer the authorization to consult this specific copy, or a consultation refusal, according to the current consultation rights concerning the copy acquired by the customer.

9—The document can be consulted or not in the viewer chosen by the customer.

FIG. 3/4

Same general process as FIG. 1/4, but the order, delivery and control servers are supported by the same machine.

FIG. 4/4

Generation of documents for physical media such as CD-ROM.

10—Bulk generation of the documents from the models of works by the delivery server. Each document generated contains an integrated supervision agent, the permanent digital rights, and at least one unique identifier.

5—Sending the control information concerning each managed document, in particular the unique identifier, the consultation period and the daily consultation frequency to the control server by the delivery server.

11—Recording on physical medium of the documents generated.

7, 8—Reading by the customer of the documents generated after verification of the consultation rights by the control server, according to the procedure described by FIG. 2/4.

AN EMBODIMENT OF THE METHOD

General Organization

The electronic document creation method which enables the protection of the copyrights and private copying comprises: an order server for the handling of orders by the customers (1) accessible from a private or public network such as the Internet; a delivery server accessible from the same network, for generating the specific copy ordered by the customer; a control server accessible on the same network, intended to verify the digital rights acquired by the customer; an desktop computer, a portable computer, a personal digital assistant, or any other equipment supporting one viewer among the at least two viewers from the market, intended to consult the document. Said copy of each document is generated by the delivery server from the model of the ordered document (1) and the ordered digital rights (1) transmitted by the order server (2). It contains a supervision (or supervisor) agent intended to verify, at the moment of the consultation, the current rights, stored in the control server (5). Said copy also contains the other digital rights permanently acquired by the customer and not subsequently verified The generation of said copy is triggered by the customer (4), by activation of a URL link to the delivery server containing at least the unique identifier of the ordered copy. This link was previously sent to the customer (3) by the order server via electronic messaging, or any other means. Said copy is loaded on the customer's equipment at the end of the generation (6) and can be backed up several times by private copying. Said copy, or its duplicates, can only be consulted after sending a query containing the unique identifier of said copy, sent by the supervision agent towards the control server (7), and receiving the response authorizing the consultation (8).

The method can be performed with the order, delivery and control servers supported by a single machine.

The method is applicable if it comprises only one delivery server intended for the mass production of digital works on physical media from document models and digital rights, and a control server intended to control the controlled digital rights attached to each copy by the delivery server, and verified on each digital work consultation.

The response of the control server can be a simple positive acknowledgment (8).

The response of the control server can contain a set of digital rights applicable to the ordered copy (8).

Generation of the Copy Ordered by the Customer

A generation program is supported by the delivery server which generates the copy of the work ordered by the customer (6) from the model of the ordered document and the ordered rights (2). Said program integrates with the copy a supervision agent managing the controlled digital rights like the period authorized for the consultation, the daily frequency of consultation, the total number of consultations, etc. and the set of uncontrolled digital rights acquired by the customer like the authorization to print, copy, etc. The set is sealed and cannot be modified. Said program generates the control record of the ordered copy and stores it on the control server (5).

This program can add a text to the generated copy reviewing the identity and references of the acquirer of the copy of the work, and optionally the rights acquired by the acquirer.

Supervision Agent

A supervision agent is integrated with each copy of the document generated. It is a program which authorizes or refuses the consultation of said copy, by means of sending a query containing at least one unique identifier of the copy (7) to the control server via the public or private network. The response from the control server authorizing or refusing the consultation of copy (8) is handled by said agent, which discloses the content of the document or not.

Control Server

The control server supports a control program which generates a positive or negative response (8) to the requests from the copies identified by their unique identifier (7), as a function of the current digital rights concerning said documents, for example the authorized period for the consultation, the daily frequency of consultation, the total number of consultations, etc.

This control program can generate additionally a document reviewing the current rights relative to the copy, and potentially the contact information of the acquirer, sent to the customer workstation with the response to the query from said copy.