SINGLE-LAYER REINFORCED CONCRETE PANEL

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

The invention relates to the field of construction and can be used in the construction of multilayer outer walls of residential, public and industrial buildings

BACKGROUND ART

In the 21st century, the issue of energy efficiency of buildings operated by man has become acute. In conditions of high tariffs for heating and electricity for air conditioning, the task of reducing heat losses is gaining relevance.

A complex solution for thermal insulation and aesthetic design of the exterior of the building was the creation of a system of hinged ventilated facades.

The hinged facade frame is attached to the wall with metal brackets, which, in turn, are attached to the wall with an anchoring system consisting of a plastic fastener and a metal self-tapping screw with a pullout strength of 3 kilonewtons

(https://asninfo.ru/techmats/264-navesnyye-ventiliruyemyye-fasady).

Along with the frame of the hinged facade, insulation boards are attached to the wall with driven fasteners. Plastic ending are also used to attach the driven fasteners to the wall.

The prototype of the claimed technical solution is STO NOSTROY 2.14.67-2012 “HINGED FACADE SYSTEMS WITH AIR GAP”, Work on the device. General requirements for the production and control of work. NATIONAL ASSOCIATION OF BUILDERS. Organization Standard, Moscow 2013.

According to the standard for the installation of a hinged facade, it is necessary to first mark the horizontal and vertical axes of the HFS substructure (hinged facade system), then drill (drill) holes on the mounted panel from scaffolding with a mechanized tool for plastic sleeves for attaching brackets, as well as for plastic sleeves for driven dowels. The placement of these holes is mainly regulated by the project documentation, which specifies their number, location, type of plastic sleeves and the strength of the anchors to the load-bearing wall—2012.pdf).

The disadvantages of this design are:

• • the complexity and high cost of making holes in concrete at a construction site using hand tools at high altitude; https://obetone.com/oborudovanie-i-instrument/almaznayz-obrabotka/sverlenie-betona-perforatorom.html
  • the need to use powerful perforators for this, for instance, the panel is most often made of high-strength concrete, while the presence of holes reduces the strength of the panels, because. formation of cracks in concrete is possible; therefore, the developer lays the additional (excessive) thickness of the panel;
  • the difficulty of controlling the depth of drilling in concrete, which can lead to the fact that the anchor does not provide the necessary pull-out force, so you have to increase the number of fasteners
    https://1beton.info/proizvodstvo/rabota/krepezh/sverlenie-otverstij-v-betone;
  • drilled holes have a cylindrical shape, turning into an expanding cone-

shaped one at the exit from the hole, which can lead to weakening of the wedging action of the dowel plastic ending over time, which reduces the reliability-long-term strength of this fastening. the sleeve is held in the hole due to friction forces.

• • the presence of a large amount of manual labor, harmful working conditions: vibration, dust.

SUMMARY OF INVENTION

A has been declared for the panel of the hinged facade, which excludes drilling holes for brackets.

Technical Problem

The technical result of the proposed technical solution is an increase in the pull-out force and an increase in the reliability of fastening (long-term strength) of the hinged facade bracket and insulation by molding panels with embedded plastic ending formed on a grid in a production shop.

Solution to Problem

The technical result is achieved by the fact that a single-layer reinforced concrete panel for mounting a hinged facade, reinforced with a mesh, is equipped with embedded parts in the form of plastic endings of a conical shape, formed at the intersection of the longitudinal and transverse rods of the reinforced mesh, for fastening fasteners and driven fasteners, and the location of the plastic sleeves corresponds to the location of the hinged facade brackets attached to the plastic endings with fasteners, and the location of the driven dowels for fixing the insulation.

Advantageous Effects of Invention

The use of a perforator, which leads to vibration diseases of personnel is excluded and the pace of construction and installation works is accelerated.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

FIG. 1 design of a single-layer reinforced concrete panel with embedded plastic endings.

FIG. 2 mesh with embedded plastic endings.

FIG. 3 single-layer reinforced concrete panel in section.

DESCRIPTION OF EMBODIMENTS

FIG. 1 shows the design of a single-layer reinforced concrete panel 1 for large-panel housing construction, reinforced mesh 2, made of longitudinal and transverse rods (3 and 4, respectively) of metal and/or composite reinforcement (fiberglass, basalt).

On FIG. 2 at the intersections of the longitudinal and transverse rods 3 and 4 of mesh 2, plastic sleeves are formed with an internal hole: for fastening fasteners (screws, self-tapping screws, screws, anchors and dowels).

The shape and dimensions of plastic endings depend on the type of fasteners used. Depending on the type, plastic sleeves for fasteners can be divided into screw-in 5 (fastening of curtain wall brackets) and driven-in 6 (insulation fastening). An example of attaching a hinged facade bracket 7 to a single-layer reinforced concrete panel reinforced with a mesh with plastic sleeves 5 (in section) is shown in FIG. 3.

Plastic sleeves 5 and 6 are molded in such a way that at the exit from the reinforced concrete panel they have a tapering conical shape. This significantly increases the pull-out force, since the shape and location of the sleeves exclude their tearing out of the single-layer reinforced concrete panel, which greatly increases the reliability of the connection.

EXAMPLES

An example of attaching a hinged facade bracket 7 to a single-layer reinforced concrete panel reinforced with a mesh with plastic sleeves (in section) is shown in FIG. 3. At the same time, plastic sleeves are located at the intersections of the longitudinal and transverse mesh rods and coincide with the attachment points of the hinged facade bracket and insulation. This can be achieved by moving the nodes of intersection of the longitudinal and transverse bars of the grid according to the requirement of the customer.

Installation of a hinged facade is carried out as follows.

In accordance with the requirements of the customer, automatic lines (similar to those described in RF U.S. Pat. No. 2,548,358) produce a mesh with plastic sleeves fixed at the intersection of the longitudinal and transverse rods, which are embedded elements.

The location of plastic endings 5,6 in the attachment points of the longitudinal and transverse mesh rods must correspond to the location of the hinged facade brackets and driven dowels for fixing thermal insulation on a single-layer reinforced concrete panel.

The mesh is placed in the formwork of a single-layer reinforced concrete panel, orienting it in the formwork so that the plastic endings are located in the right places, while their open end rests against the formwork. Next, the formwork is filled with concrete. After the concrete has cured, the single-layer reinforced concrete panel is transported to the construction site and mounted as a building envelope. After that, the hinged facade brackets are mounted at the locations of the plastic sleeves 5 using fasteners according to their location map and the insulation is fixed with driven dowels.

On the brackets, guide corner elements and a protective and decorative screen are further placed.

INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY

• • The proposed design of the reinforced concrete panel significantly simplifies and reduces the cost of mounting a hinged facade by eliminating the need for drilling (drilling) of the panel, incl. on the construction site, and, accordingly, the use of hand tools and manual labor.
  • At the same time, resources (concrete) are saved by reducing the thickness of a single-layer reinforced concrete panel. improves the reliability of fastening of the hinged facade brackets
  • Thus, the claimed technical result is achieved: the pull-out force is increased and the reliability of fastening (long-term strength) of the hinged facade bracket and insulation is increased due to the molding of panels with embedded plastic sleeves formed on the grid in the conditions of the production workshop.
  • The proposed design of the reinforced concrete panel significantly simplifies and reduces the cost of mounting a hinged facade by eliminating the need for drilling (drilling) of the panel, incl. on the construction site, and, accordingly, the use of hand tools and manual labor.
  • At the same time, resources (concrete) are saved by reducing the thickness of a single-layer reinforced concrete panel. improves the reliability of fastening of the hinged facade brackets
  • Thus, the claimed technical result is achieved: the pull-out force is increased and the reliability of fastening (long-term strength) of the hinged facade bracket and insulation is increased due to the molding of panels with embedded plastic sleeves formed on the grid in the conditions of the production workshop.

CITATION LIST

Non Patent Literature

• • NPL1: https://asninfo.ru/techmats/264-navesnyye-ventiliruyemyye-fasady
  • STO NOSTROY 2.14.67-2012 “HINGED FACADE SYSTEMS WITH AIR GAP”, Work on the device. General requirements for the production and control of work. NATIONAL ASSOCIATION OF BUILDERS. Organization Standard, Moscow 2013.