EXTERNAL CORNER WALL COMPONENT

Description

FIELD OF THE INVENTION

The technical solution refers to the field of construction, in particular to construction panels for prefabricated buildings and structures, specifically to corner elements of constructional structures typically used in panel housebuilding.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

Known is the device—the corner component for reinforced concrete walls, where the main elements are an internal layer, external layer, thermal insulation layer, reinforcing mesh, first horizontal reinforcing elements, second horizontal reinforcing elements, first vertical reinforcing elements, second vertical reinforcing elements, embedded parts and flexible connectors. The external corner element from the side of the ends is limited by the upper end and the lower end. The internal layer is configured in the shape of a beam with an L-shaped cross section. The internal layer is made of concrete-containing material.

The disadvantage of the known technical solution is insufficient strength of the element due to the possibility of destruction thereof under a respective load from above structures.

The technical result of the subject technical solution is to increase the permissible load in a multi-story building and increase the reliability of joint sealing.

The technical result is achieved by the fact that in the external corner wall element comprising an internal layer, an external layer, a heat-insulating layer, a reinforcing mesh, first horizontal reinforcing elements, second horizontal reinforcing elements, first vertical reinforcing elements, second vertical reinforcing elements, flexible connectors, and provided with an upper end and a lower end, the internal layer is provided with two first surfaces, two third surfaces and two first lateral surfaces, the internal layer is configured with an L-shaped cross section, the first surfaces face inward of the L shape, each third surface is disposed substantially parallel to corresponding thereto the first surface, the external layer is configured with an L-shape cross section, the external layer is provided with two fourth surfaces, two second surfaces, two third lateral surfaces, two fourth lateral surfaces and two additional surfaces, the fourth surfaces face inward with respect to the L shape of the external layer, each second surface is disposed substantially parallel to corresponding thereto the fourth surface, each fourth lateral surface is adjacent to corresponding thereto the second surface, each third lateral surface is adjacent to corresponding thereto fourth surface, wherein each third lateral surface is coupled to corresponding thereto the fourth lateral surface by means of corresponding thereto additional surface, the heat-insulating layer is configured with an L-shaped cross-section, the heat-insulating layer is provided with two second lateral surfaces, the heat-insulating layer is disposed between the third surfaces and the fourth surfaces, and each fourth lateral surface protrudes in relation to corresponding thereto the first lateral surface, the second lateral surface and the third lateral surface to form a protrusion, the reinforcing mesh is bent at a right angle and disposed in the external layer, the first horizontal reinforcing elements and the second horizontal reinforcing elements are configured in the form of L-shaped bent metal rods, each first horizontal reinforcing element and each second horizontal reinforcing element are disposed in the internal layer in a plane generally perpendicular to the first surfaces, the first vertical reinforcing elements and the second vertical reinforcing elements are configured in the form of metal rods, the first vertical reinforcing elements and the second vertical reinforcing elements are disposed in the internal layer along the first surfaces, wherein the first horizontal reinforcing elements are coupled to one another by means of the first vertical reinforcing elements, the second horizontal reinforcing elements are coupled to one another by the second vertical reinforcing elements, each flexible connector is secured at one end thereof in the internal layer, and at the opposite end in the external layer, in the first particular case, the additional surface is disposed generally at right angle to the third lateral surface and the fourth lateral surface, in the second particular case, each first lateral surface and corresponding thereto the second lateral surface and corresponding thereto the third lateral surface are disposed generally in the same plane, in the third particular case, on the side of the upper end, the heat-insulating layer and the external layer protrude with respect to the internal layer, in the fourth particular case, the first horizontal reinforcing elements are coupled to the second horizontal reinforcing elements.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

The invention is illustrated using a drawing (FIGS. 1-2), wherein FIG. 1 is a cross-section of the external corner wall element, FIG. 2 is section A-A.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The figures show: external layer 1, reinforcing mesh 2, second surface 3, protrusion 4, fourth lateral surface 5, additional surface 6, third lateral surface 7, second lateral surface 8, heat-insulating layer 9, first lateral surface 10, internal layer 11, first surface 12, embedded part 13, first vertical reinforcing element 14, first horizontal reinforcing element 15, second vertical reinforcing element 16, second horizontal reinforcing element 17, niche 18, upper end 19, supporting surface 20, third surface 21, fourth surface 22, lower end 23.

The main elements of the external corner wall element (hereinafter referred to as the corner element or device) are the internal layer 11, the external layer 1, the thermal insulation layer 9, the reinforcing mesh 2, the first horizontal reinforcing elements 15, the second horizontal reinforcing elements 17, the first vertical reinforcing elements 14, the second vertical reinforcing elements 16, the embedded parts and the flexible connectors. The external corner wall element on the side of the ends is limited by the upper end 19 and the lower end 23.

Attachment of various units, assemblies and individual elements of the device may be carried out directly or by means of various intermediate elements. It is possible to attach one assembly, unit or element of the device to other ones through other assembly or unit thereof. Thus, in this case, attachment is understood to mean any coupling of elements of the device to one another, and also any other coupling that provides structural integrity. The structural connection provides for the spatial mutual disposition and retention of the component elements of the device so as to provide for structural integrity and operability thereof. The structural connection may have a complex configuration with a developed spatial structure, including various protruding elements.

The internal layer 11 is configured in the shape of a beam with an L-shaped cross section (FIG. 1). The internal layer 11 is made of concrete-containing material. The internal layer 11 is limited by two first surfaces 12, two first lateral surfaces 10 and two third surfaces 21. The first surfaces 12 of the internal layer 11 face inward (toward one another). When operated, the first surfaces 12 face inward of the building in which external corner wall elements were used during the construction thereof. The third surfaces 21 face inward of the external corner wall element, towards the heat-insulating layer 9. Between each first surface 12 and corresponding thereto third surface 21 there is disposed a first lateral surface 10; thus, corresponding to this pair the first lateral surface 10 is the third surface 21. It is understood that there are two such pairs as part of the external corner wall element. The first lateral surface 12 is disposed generally perpendicular to corresponding thereto the first surface 12 and the third surface 21 in this pair. The first lateral surfaces 10, during the completion of installation and subsequent operation of the building, face toward the wall panels coupled to this external corner wall element. The internal layer 11 is configured reinforced with the first horizontal reinforcing elements 15, the first vertical reinforcing elements 14, the second horizontal reinforcing elements 17 and the second vertical reinforcing elements 16.

The first horizontal reinforcing elements 15 and the second horizontal reinforcing elements 17 are configured in the form of L-shaped bent metal (fiberglass or other material) rods. The first horizontal reinforcing elements 15 and the second horizontal reinforcing elements 17 are configured analogously to one another and differ in the disposition thereof in the interior of the internal layer 11. Each first horizontal reinforcing element 15 and second horizontal reinforcing element 17 is disposed in a plane generally perpendicular to the first surfaces 12, the second surfaces 3, the first lateral surfaces 10, the second lateral surfaces 8, and the third lateral surfaces 7. Each first horizontal reinforcing element 15 and second horizontal reinforcing element 17 is disposed with one portion thereof generally parallel to one first surface 12, and with the other portion thereof generally parallel to the other first surface 12 (FIG. 1). Each of the first horizontal reinforcing elements 15 is more distal from one third surface 21 than from the other third surface 21. The first horizontal reinforcing elements 15 and the second horizontal reinforcing elements 17 are distributed along the entire length of the internal layer 11 from the lower end 23 to the upper end 19. Further, each first horizontal reinforcing element 15 is disposed such that, in plan (as shown in FIG. 1), it is “intercrossed” with corresponding thereto the second horizontal reinforcing element 17 to form a figure similar in shape to the letter W.

The first vertical reinforcing elements 14 are made of metal (fiberglass or other material) rods. The first vertical reinforcing elements 14 are disposed along the length of the external corner wall element, generally parallelly to the first lateral surfaces 10, the first surfaces 12 and the third surfaces 21. Each first vertical reinforcing element 14 is coupled to each first horizontal reinforcing element 15. In a particular case, the first horizontal reinforcing elements 15 are coupled to the first three vertical reinforcing elements 14. One of the first vertical reinforcing elements 14 is attached at the central portion of each first horizontal reinforcing member 15, and the other two ones are attached in the proximity of the ends of the first horizontal reinforcing elements 15.

The second vertical reinforcing elements 16 are also configured in the form of metal (fiberglass or other material) rods. The second vertical reinforcing elements 16 are disposed along the length of the corner element, generally parallelly to the first lateral surfaces 10, the first surfaces 12 and the third surfaces 21. Each second vertical reinforcing element 16 is coupled to each second horizontal reinforcing element 17. In a particular case, the second horizontal reinforcing elements 17 are coupled to three second vertical reinforcing elements 16. One of the second vertical reinforcing elements 16 is attached in the central portion of each second horizontal reinforcing element 17, and the other two ones 16 are attached in the proximity of the ends of the second horizontal reinforcing elements 17.

The coupling of the first horizontal reinforcing elements 15 to the first vertical reinforcing elements 14, as well as the coupling of the second vertical reinforcing elements 16 to the second horizontal reinforcing elements 17 may be performed in various fashions, including by means of a welded connection or by means of a tying wire. The coupling of the first horizontal reinforcing elements 15 with the second horizontal reinforcing elements 17 is made by means of a tying wire. Further, one of the outermost vertical reinforcing elements (the first vertical reinforcing element 14 or the second vertical reinforcing element 16) is attached to the respective horizontal reinforcing element thereof (the first horizontal reinforcing element 15 or the second horizontal reinforcing element 17) by means of a tying wire following coupling the first horizontal reinforcing elements 15 to the second horizontal reinforcing elements 17.

The external layer 1 is configured in the form of a beam with an L-shaped cross-section and is made of concrete-containing material. The external layer 1 is limited by two second surfaces 3, two fourth surfaces 22, two third lateral surfaces 7, two fourth lateral surfaces 5 and two additional surfaces 6. The second surfaces 3 face outward of the building during operation. The fourth surfaces 22 face inward of the external corner wall element towards the heat-insulating layer 9. Each third lateral surface 7 adjacent to the respective fourth surface 5 thereof is disposed generally perpendicular to this fourth surface 22 and directed toward the second surface 3 closest thereto. Every fourth lateral surface 5 adjacent to the respective second surface 3 thereof is disposed perpendicular to this second surface 3 and directed toward the fourth surface 22 closest thereto. Each third lateral surface 7 is coupled to the respective fourth lateral surface 5 thereof by means of an additional surface 6 disposed generally perpendicular to these surfaces (5 and 7). Further, every fourth lateral surface 5 protrudes relative to the respective third lateral surface 7 thereof to form a protrusion 4 on the external layer 1.

The reinforcing mesh 2 is disposed in the external layer 1. The reinforcing mesh 2 is made of metal wire or rods lacing with one another to form a single flat material object. The reinforcing mesh 2 is bent at an angle and is disposed generally similar to the two second surfaces 3 and the two fourth surfaces 22.

The thermal insulation layer 9 is configured in the form of a beam with an L-shaped cross section (or individual elements generally forming such an L-shaped beam). The thermal insulation layer 9 may be configured integral or composite, consisting of individual elements, in a particular case, for example, of two plates disposed at right angles with respect to one another. The thermal insulation layer 9 is disposed between the internal layer 11 and the external layer 1. The surfaces of the thermal insulation layer 9, facing the adjacent wall panels during operation, are designated as the second lateral surfaces 8.

One first lateral surface 10, corresponding thereto the second lateral surface 8 and corresponding thereto the third lateral surface 7 (disposed on one side of the external corner wall element) are disposed generally in the same plane. The other first lateral surface 10, corresponding thereto the second lateral surface 8 and corresponding thereto the third lateral surface 7 are disposed generally in a different one plane.

The length (in the direction from the upper end 19 to the lower end 23 of the external corner wall element) of the internal layer 11 is configured shorter than the length of the heat-insulating elements 9 and the external layer 1. Further, on the side of the upper end 19 there is formed a niche 18 limited on the side of the internal layer 11 by the supporting surface 20.

The embedded part 13 is a metal element, for example, an angle bar, partially secured in the body of the concrete (in the internal layer 11) and partially protruding outward (onto the first surface 12). The embedded part 13 is intended to couple the external corner wall element with other elements of the constructional structure, for example, with wall panels and floor panels. The embedded parts 13 are installed in the upper portion and lower portion of the internal layer 11 on the side of each of the first surfaces 12.

Flexible connectors are intended to ensure reliable coupling of the internal layer 11 with the external layer 1. Each flexible connector is a rod element made of corrosion-resistant steel or other corrosion-resistant material, such as fiberglass or basalt plastic. Each flexible connector is secured at one end thereof in the material of the internal layer 11, and at the other end thereof in the material of the external layer 1. Further, the axis of each flexible connector may be either perpendicular to the first surfaces 12 or disposed at an angle thereto. Further, typically between two flexible connectors with axes, perpendicular to the first surface 12, which are disposed in the proximity to one another there is placed a flexible connector whose axis is at an angle to the first surface 12. Further, flexible connectors extend through the heat-insulating layer 9.

DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

In the case of using the above elements and means, the external corner wall element is implemented as follows (the provided description of the subject illustrates a particular embodiment thereof; other embodiments are also possible using the features of the present technical solution).

On the vibrating table, installed is a removable edge form to form, when pouring concrete, the first surfaces 12, the second surfaces 3, the first lateral surfaces 10, the third lateral surfaces 7, additional surfaces 6 and the fourth lateral surfaces 5. The first horizontal reinforcing elements 15 are coupled to the first vertical reinforcing elements 14 by means of welding. The second horizontal reinforcing elements 17 are coupled to the first vertical reinforcing elements 14 by means of welding. Further, one of the second vertical reinforcing elements 17 (disposed in the proximity of the edges of the second horizontal reinforcing elements 17) is left unattached. The unattached ends of the second horizontal reinforcing elements 17 are passed between the first horizontal reinforcing elements 15, as well as between the first vertical reinforcing elements 14. Next, the resulting structure of the second horizontal reinforcing elements 17 and the second vertical reinforcing elements 16 and the structure of the first horizontal reinforcing elements 15 and the first vertical reinforcing elements 14 are coupled to one another, for example, by means of a tying wire. Next, the remaining second vertical reinforcing element 16 is attached to the ends of the second horizontal reinforcing elements 17 by means of a tying wire as well.

In the interior of the removable edge form, disposed is the resulting structure of reinforcing elements intended for the internal layer 11, also disposed are heat-insulating plates to form a heat-insulating layer 9 and a reinforcing mesh 2 intended for reinforcing the external layer 1. Further, flexible connectors are passed through the plates of the heat-insulating layer 9 in advance. Embedded parts 13 are installed in desired places.

Whenever there is a need to form communication holes and connecting holes, holes are provided in the internal layer 11 and in the heat-insulating layer 9. Hole formers are installed in said holes in the concrete body. The hole formers may be cylindrical elements, such as pipes or cylinders made of easily removable materials, such as expanded polystyrene, polystyrene foam, and the like.

Next, into the prepared configuration of the edge forms poured is a mortar made from a concrete-containing material of the appropriate grade, if necessary, supplemented with additional components that correct its hardening rate, ductility, strength, and so forth. The resulting object is left until the mortar hardens. Further, in order to compact the mortar, turned on is a vibrating table which, by means of vibration, promotes the movement of gas bubbles contained in the mortar to the surface of the mortar and the formation of a more durable internal structure (or the concrete is vibrated by means of screed rails or immersion-type vibrators). Further, the mortar penetrates into the voids of the heat-insulating layer 9, further providing for a reliable coupling of the structural elements of the wall panel to one another. After the mortar has hardened, the removable edge form is removed. Using lifting equipment, the finished external corner wall element is removed from the vibrating table. Further, flexible connectors are secured in the concrete body to fix the internal layer 1 with respect to the external layer 11.

The external corner wall element is delivered to the installation site and mounted such that the first surfaces 12 face inward of the room. The adjacent wall panel is installed in an L-shaped corner defined by the first lateral surface 10, the second lateral surface 8, the third lateral surface 7 and the additional surface 6. The wall panel is coupled to the external corner wall element. The seam formed at the junction has an L-shaped configuration. Further, between the building wall panel and the external corner wall element there are disposed fireproof gaskets which are a layer of mineral (basalt) wool providing for fire safety during the operation of the structure. On the side of the room, the seam is further filled with fire-resistant foam. From the external side, the seam is further filled with a sealing compound. The sealing compound is disposed behind the protrusion 4 of the external corner wall element, which fact has a positive effect on the appearance of the structure as a whole.

Exposure to environmental factors such as wind, rain, soil subsidence, and mechanical stress may cause cracks at the junction of the building wall panel with the external corner wall element. Further, if the seam is configured in a rectilinear configuration, as in known cases, there is a danger of the seal being broken and, as a consequence, cold air and moisture from the external environment entering the room. Making the seam curvilinear promotes the increase, compared to a rectilinear one, of aerodynamic resistance to the penetration of environmental factors through the crack. In a particular case, when making an L-shaped seam, a crack typically occurs in one of the portions of the L-shaped seam. Further, the other portion of the seam which portion is disposed at an angle to the damaged one remains intact, thus preventing the penetration of air and moisture into the room. In accordance with the above, the implementation of a constructional external corner wall element in accordance with the present technical solution provides for reduced heat losses, reduced or prevented moisture penetration, thus increasing the operational reliability and wear resistance of the seam in general, and also increasing the strength thereof.

Thus, the implementation of the device with a set of essential features as set forth in the claims provides for increased permissible load in a multi-story building and increased reliability of joint sealing.