PHYSICAL ACTIVITY SYSTEM FOR PROVIDING HIP EXTENSION AND FLEXION, HIP INTERNAL ROTATION, TOE EXTENSION AND FLEXION, KNEE EXTENSION AND FLEXION, ANKLE EXTENSION AND FLEXION AND HIP EXTERNAL ROTATION

Description

REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

This application is a Non-Provisional Application which claims the benefit of the filing date of U.S. Provisional Application Ser. No. 63/641,568 titled “PHYSICAL ACTIVITY SYSTEM FOR PROVIDING HIP EXTENSION AND FLEXION, HIP INTERNAL ROTATION, TOE EXTENSION AND FLEXION, KNEE EXTENSION AND FLEXION, ANKLE EXTENSION AND FLEXION AND HIP EXTERNAL ROTATION” and filed May 2, 2024, and the subject matter of which is incorporated herein by reference.

CROSS-REFERENCES

Not applicable.

STATEMENT REGARDING FEDERALLY SPONSORED RESEARCH OR DEVELOPMENT

Not applicable.

INCORPORATION BY REFERENCE OF MATERIAL SUBMITTED ON A COMPACT DISK

Not applicable.

TECHNICAL FIELD

The present invention relates generally to exercise equipment, and more particularly to an apparatus designed to support a user in an optimized position for performing hip extension movements with improved biomechanical positioning, enhanced safety, and targeted muscle engagement, particularly of the gluteal region.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

Devices adapted for gluteus maximus training are known in the art. Existing systems, including hip thrust benches, glute bridges on elevated platforms, and resistance band hip extension machines, have improved the ability to load hip musculature. However, these systems suffer from a number of limitations that reduce their safety, efficacy, or biomechanical optimization.

Notably, U.S. Pat. No. 8,172,736 discloses a hip extension apparatus with upper and foot supports that facilitates hip thrust-type motion. However, it lacks sufficient adjustability to accommodate users of different anthropometries and does not provide modular or interchangeable components at the foot or upper body regions to optimize user positioning. Furthermore, it does not include a configurable leg restraint or cross-member to enhance bracing and prevent unwanted anterior knee movement during exercise. The system also lacks provisions for dynamic control over the range of hip flexion and extension, thereby potentially reducing glute activation and increasing compensatory movement through the spine or knees.

Similarly, U.S. Patent Application Publication No. 2012/0058870 (Contreras) discloses an exercise apparatus specifically adapted for gluteus engagement using an upper body support and foot support. While it introduces the idea of an “exercise space” between these supports, the apparatus lacks adjustable positional controls for key components, such as the height or tilt of the upper support or cross-bracing structures to control femoral motion. Additionally, while the invention promotes gluteus muscle targeting through sagittal plane movement, the underlying apparatus offers limited capacity to modulate knee angle, trunk inclination, or flexion depth, and does not prevent forward translation of the knees, which can reduce joint integrity under load. The system omits a movable or cushioned cross-member for anterior shin support, leading to potential instability or excessive recruitment of unintended muscle groups.

Current glute-loading equipment generally lacks the ergonomic refinements necessary to safely stabilize the entire kinetic chain while enabling users to progress in strength and control. Conventional setups often do not provide simultaneous: (i) full-length upper body support; (ii) adjustable and interchangeable foot surfaces; and (iii) leg brace or shin contact member with customizable positioning.

Accordingly, there remains a need in the art for an apparatus that can stabilize and support the entire upper body while allowing for fine-tuned control of foot, leg, and torso positioning during sagittal-plane exercise. Such a system would ideally accommodate a full range of motion at the hip joint, reduce anterior shear at the knee, and ensure safer and more effective engagement of gluteal musculature.

BRIEF SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

An exercise apparatus is disclosed that allows a user to perform hip extension and flexion movements while being securely supported in a reclined or inclined position. The apparatus comprises a frame structure with an upper body support pivotally attached to a rear portion of the frame, a foot support positioned toward the front of the frame, and a cross member located between the upper and foot supports to interact with the user's anterior leg region. Each of the components may be adjustable in height and/or longitudinal position along the frame, enabling biomechanical optimization for users of different body types and training levels.

The upper body support provides a contoured, cushioned platform extending along a substantial portion of the user's spine and torso. The foot support features one or more interchangeable receiving surfaces (e.g., planar, wedge-shaped, partial cylindrical) to facilitate variable ankle dorsiflexion and posterior chain engagement. A cross-member may serve to limit forward motion of the knees and provides anterior shin contact to stabilize femoral positioning during high-intensity exertion. Together, these components create a dynamically adjustable platform for safe, progressive training of the gluteal musculature in a variety of hip-flexion postures.

A method of use is also disclosed, including positioning the user's upper body and feet relative to the apparatus, engaging the cross-member with the user's shins, and executing a controlled hip extension through a range of motion that modifies the femur-spine angle. Resistance may be provided via body weight, added external weights, resistance bands, or mechanical resistance systems.

In some embodiments, the apparatus includes a toe-anchored foot surface configured to permit synchronized heel elevation and hip extension, providing enhanced posterior chain engagement and controlled kinetic chain movement.

Additional aspects of the disclosed embodiment will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the disclosed embodiments. The aspects of the disclosed embodiments will be realized and attained by means of the elements and combinations particularly pointed out in the appended claims. It is to be understood that both the foregoing general description and the following detailed description are exemplary and explanatory only and are not restrictive of the disclosed embodiments, as claimed.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the disclosure and together with the description, explain the principles of the disclosed embodiments. The embodiments illustrated herein are presently preferred, it being understood, however, that the disclosure is not limited to the precise arrangements and instrumentalities shown, wherein:

FIG. 1 is a perspective view of an exercise apparatus according to an example embodiment;

FIGS. 2A and 2B are rear side views of an exercise apparatus according to an example embodiment;

FIG. 3A is a side view of an exercise apparatus, wherein, the cross-bar is in a first position and the foot support is in a first position, according to an example embodiment;

FIG. 3B is a side view of an exercise apparatus, wherein, the cross-bar is in a second position and the foot support is in a second position, according to an example embodiment;

FIG. 4 is a perspective view of a plurality of foot receiving surfaces for an exercise apparatus, according to an example embodiment;

FIGS. 5A-5D are side views of an exercise apparatus, according to exemplary embodiments;

FIGS. 6A-6E illustrate various views of sections of a foot receiving surface, according to an example embodiment;

FIGS. 7A and 7B are block flow diagrams of using an exercise apparatus, according to exemplary embodiments.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

The following detailed description refers to the accompanying drawings. Whenever possible, the same reference numbers are used in the drawings and the following description to refer to the same or similar elements. While disclosed embodiments may be described, modifications, adaptations, and other implementations are possible. For example, substitutions, additions, or modifications may be made to the elements illustrated in the drawings, and the methods described herein may be modified by substituting reordering or adding additional stages or components to the disclosed methods and devices. Accordingly, the following detailed description does not limit the disclosed embodiments. Instead, the proper scope of the disclosed embodiments is defined by the appended claims.

The disclosed embodiments improve upon the problems with the prior art by providing a physical activity system having multiple feet placement options for a user that allows different combinations of hip flexion, hip extension, ankle extension, hip external rotation and internal rotation exercises. The multiple feet placement options increase the range of motion and provide a holistic workout for back and hip muscles of the user. Each section of feet placement allows to train five motions for the user including hip external rotation and internal rotation, knee lateral rotation, hip extension, and flexion, also hallux flexion and extension and also allows to focus on a specific motion depending on the individual orthopedic and anatomical limitations. The disclosed physical activity system provides quadruple extension in one exercise, such as hip extension, knee extension and ankle extension, thereby improving workout efficiency for the user. The physical activity system allows for a linear motion of force generated by pressing motion on the feet placements and not by a thrust motion of the user. The pressing motion is generated by a leg press, a step up, a squat, a calf raise, donkey kicks, and hip external rotation at hips. In one embodiment, the system improves upon the problems with the prior art by providing the hip external rotation by allowing the user to push on wedges of the platform using toes that in turn provides the hip external rotation for the user that the traditional machines do not provide. In an embodiment, the system improves upon the prior art by providing resistance during exercise on the concentric and the eccentric using bodyweight and without using outside resistance. The resistance can be increased by having multiple resistance bands to facilitate wide range of motion for the user.

Referring now to FIGS. 1-7B, the device is an exercise apparatus 100 comprising: a frame structure 102; an upper body support 104 pivotally attached to a rear end portion 106 of the frame structure 102; a foot support 108 attached to the frame structure 102 frontward relative to the upper body support 104; a cross member 110 movably attached to the frame structure 102 and positioned between the upper body support 104 and at least a portion of the foot support 108; and a lowest portion 112 of the cross member 110 positioned above a lowest portion 114 of the foot support 108.

The frame structure 102 provides the foundational support for the exercise apparatus 100. It is generally constructed from a durable material such as steel tubing or reinforced metal to ensure rigidity and load-bearing capacity. The frame may be a rectangular or elongated base that maintains the spatial relationship between the upper body support 104 and the foot support 108. It may include one or more horizontal rails and vertical support posts, and can optionally be equipped with non-slip feet or wheels to enhance portability or secure floor contact. In some embodiments, the frame structure 102 may be length-adjustable to accommodate users of varying heights, or may include anchoring points for accessories like resistance bands.

The upper body support 104 is pivotally attached to a rear end portion 106 of the frame structure 102. This support is designed to receive and stabilize the user's upper torso, typically the upper back and shoulders, during the exercise routine. The pivotal attachment allows the upper body support 104 to move angularly in response to the user's body mechanics or resistance inputs. It may be padded or contoured for ergonomic support and comfort and may include a strut or mounting post that allows height adjustment. The ability to pivot allows the upper body support 104 to change inclination, either passively during movement or actively through user adjustment, to vary the range or intensity of the exercise.

The foot support 108 is positioned toward the front of the frame structure 102 and provides a stable platform for the user's feet during exercise. It is fixed to the frame in a location that allows the user to align their lower body relative to the upper body support 104. The foot support 108 may include one or more planar, wedge-shaped, or cylindrical foot placement surfaces designed to promote different joint angles and movement patterns. It may be height-adjustable or tiltable and is generally positioned to enable exercises in the sagittal plane involving hip extension and flexion. The foot support 108 must be firmly affixed to the frame structure 102 to resist shifting or tilting during use.

In some embodiments, the foot support may be further configured to pivot and translate along the frame. This allows the foot pad to not only move forward and backward along a horizontal axis, but also to tilt upward or downward to match the user's ankle mobility or preferred foot angle. The pivoting motion enables the foot support to adapt dynamically during exercise, promoting a more natural movement arc during hip extension. The translational capability ensures optimal placement for different user leg lengths, while the pivoting feature enhances comfort and performance across varying ankle dorsiflexion angles.

The pivoting motion of the upper body support and the foot support is exemplified in FIGS. 5B and 5C. When the user thrusts their hips in a direction G or H, the upper body support moves in an arcuate direction A, while the foot support pivots in an opposite direction B. This coupled movement allows the apparatus to maintain a dynamic but supportive relationship between the torso and lower body, enabling the user to perform hip extension exercises through a full and natural range of motion. The opposing pivot directions of the two supports ensure that the kinetic chain remains engaged and stable, reducing the risk of compensatory motion and promoting efficient gluteal activation.

The movement of the user's body during use of the apparatus is exemplified in FIG. 5A. As the user performs a hip thrust or similar exercise, the hips move upward in direction D, while the upper torso and head follow a path in direction E. This coordinated body motion reflects the functional mechanics supported by the apparatus, where the hips extend upward relative to the frame, and the upper back remains supported against the upper body support as it pivots. The directional guidance shown in FIG. 5A demonstrates how the apparatus facilitates sagittal plane movement in a manner that promotes gluteal engagement, spinal alignment, and full hip extension while maintaining user stability throughout the range of motion.

The cross member 110 is movably attached to the frame structure 102 and is positioned between the upper body support 104 and at least a portion of the foot support 108. The cross member 110 may serve as an anterior shin or knee restraint, designed to limit forward movement of the lower legs or provide a bracing point during hip thrust or extension motions. It may be padded for comfort and shaped to accommodate the natural contours of the user's lower leg. Its movable attachment allows it to be repositioned along the length of the frame to accommodate different leg lengths or exercise variations. The cross member 110 may also serve as a structural point for attaching resistance bands or other accessories. In some embodiments, resistance may be applied using elastic bands, weight-loaded pulleys, cable machines, or integrated resistance modules attached to anchor points on the frame, cross member, or foot support. This enables variable resistance training across both concentric and eccentric phases of movement.

A lowest portion 112 of the cross member 110 is positioned above a lowest portion 114 of the foot support 108. This relative vertical positioning ensures that when the user's legs are extended, the cross member 110 does not obstruct or interfere with foot positioning on the foot support 108. Instead, it maintains clearance to enable full range of hip motion while still serving its bracing function. This design feature promotes biomechanical efficiency and reduces the likelihood of improper joint alignment or movement restriction during exercise.

An exercise apparatus may further comprise a V-shaped surface 116 disposed on the upper body support 104, the V-shaped surface 116 configured for receiving a back portion of an upper body of a user to be positioned on the upper body support 104.

The V-shaped surface 116 may be integrated into or mounted upon the top portion of the upper body support 104 and is contoured to cradle the thoracic spine and shoulder blades of the user during exercise. The V-shape configuration promotes centered alignment of the spine and helps prevent lateral shifting or rolling of the user's torso during dynamic movements. The inward-sloping sides of the V-shaped surface 116 naturally guide the user's back into the correct position and help maintain stability during hip elevation or thrusting exercises. This ergonomic contour enhances user comfort and supports biomechanically efficient positioning, particularly when substantial force is applied through the hips and core.

The V-shaped surface 116 may include cushioning material such as high-density foam covered with a durable, sweat-resistant outer layer to provide both comfort and hygiene. In some embodiments, the V-shaped contour may be formed by two angled planar surfaces joined along a central longitudinal axis, or it may be integrally molded into a single continuous shell. The dimensions and angle 117 of the V-shape may be designed to accommodate a range of upper body sizes while maintaining optimal contact with the user's scapular and paraspinal regions. The angle 117 of the V-shaped surface 116 is between 0 to 180 degrees. More ideally, the angle is between 150 to 175 degrees. The configuration not only reduces pressure points but also increases surface area contact, which helps evenly distribute forces exerted through the back when the user engages in hip extension and related movements. The elongated channel formed by the V-shaped surface allows for the spine to compress and decompress without resistance caused by flat or rounded cushions.

In certain embodiments, the V-shaped surface 116 may be oriented longitudinally along the upper body support 104, extending from the base of the user's neck to the mid-lumbar region when in use. The V-shaped surface 116 may also assist in encouraging proper postural alignment, discouraging hyperextension of the lumbar spine by positioning the user's back in a slightly retracted and stable position relative to the axis of rotation during thrusting motion. This positioning aids in isolating the gluteal and posterior chain muscles by reducing compensatory movement through the spine. Together with the pivotally attached, upper body support 104, the V-shaped surface 116 contributes to a controlled, comfortable, and effective exercise motion.

An exercise apparatus may further comprise the upper body support 104 defining a length 118 configured to receive substantially all of a length 118 of a back portion of an upper body of a user positioned on the upper body support 104.

The upper body support 104 defining a length 118 configured to receive substantially all of a back portion of the upper body ensures that the user's spine, from the lower thoracic region to the upper shoulders, is fully supported during use of the apparatus. This full-length support helps distribute pressure evenly along the user's back, reducing localized strain and enhancing comfort during high-load movements such as hip thrusts or glute bridges. The length 118 also promotes improved stability, as the user's upper body is less likely to shift, tilt, or arch unintentionally during exercise.

The length 118 of the upper body support 104 may vary slightly between models to accommodate different user heights but is typically dimensioned to provide uninterrupted support for users in a range of anthropometric percentiles. In some embodiments, the length 118 may extend from just below the cervical spine down to the mid-to-lower thoracic spine or even the lumbar region, ensuring full upper back contact with the support surface. By receiving the entire upper back in this manner, the apparatus encourages proper alignment of the spine and pelvis, helping maintain a neutral posture while the user performs upward and rearward hip extension.

This length 118 also allows the upper body support 104 to interact effectively with other features, such as the V-shaped surface 116, to guide and hold the torso in a biomechanically advantageous position. In embodiments where the upper body support 104 is pivotally mounted, the continuous contact along its full length helps transmit angular movement more evenly, thereby enhancing mechanical feedback and movement quality. The length 118 contributes to user safety by minimizing shearing or excessive compression at any single spinal segment and by reducing the risk of improper technique due to inadequate support.

An exercise apparatus may further comprise an elongated insert 120 in attachment with the upper body support 104, the elongated insert 120 insertable into a receiving portion 122 of the exercise apparatus 100 so that a height of the upper body support 104 may be changed relative to a bottom end portion 124 of the exercise apparatus 100.

The elongated insert 120 in attachment with the upper body support 104 enables vertical adjustability of the upper body support 104 relative to the remainder of the exercise apparatus 100. The elongated insert 120 may be a linear or telescoping shaft, rod, or tube made from a rigid material such as steel or aluminum, configured to slide within or engage securely with the receiving portion 122 of the exercise apparatus 100. This adjustability allows the user to raise or lower the upper body support 104 to suit their unique torso length, shoulder height, or preferred spinal angle, optimizing biomechanical alignment for hip extension exercises.

This vertical adjustability is illustrated in FIGS. 2A and 2B, which depict the upper body support at different height settings relative to the frame. The elongated insert allows the user to raise or lower the upper body support along a vertical direction D. This functionality enables the apparatus to be tailored to users of different torso lengths and ensures that the starting position of the hip relative to the upper body support is appropriate for generating a full range of hip extension. Adjustment along direction D also facilitates optimal spinal alignment and helps the user maintain proper biomechanical positioning throughout the exercise movement.

The receiving portion 122 may be a channel, sleeve, or hollow support column integrated into the frame structure of the exercise apparatus 100. It is designed to accommodate the elongated insert 120 with sufficient precision to allow for smooth repositioning while maintaining lateral stability during use. In many embodiments, the receiving portion 122 may include a series of adjustment holes, slots, or notches that correspond to pins, spring-loaded buttons, or locking mechanisms on the elongated insert 120. This enables the user to lock the upper body support 104 at a desired height setting, thereby customizing the apparatus to match their body proportions or training needs.

The ability to adjust the height of the upper body support 104 relative to the bottom end portion 124 of the exercise apparatus 100 is particularly important for ensuring proper alignment of the user's hips below the support surface at the start of the exercise. This allows for greater hip flexion at the bottom of the movement and a full range of hip extension at the top, increasing glute activation and exercise effectiveness. The adjustment feature also enhances the versatility of the device, allowing it to accommodate a wide range of body types and use scenarios, including unilateral movements, different loading positions, or integration with resistance mechanisms. The elongated insert 120, when securely engaged with the receiving portion 122, ensures that the upper body support 104 remains stable and structurally supported even under dynamic or high-resistance loading conditions.

An exercise apparatus may further comprise the foot support 108 having a foot receiving surface 126, wherein the foot receiving surface 126 defines at least one of: a partial cylindrical shaped body 128; a plurality of partial cylindrical shaped bodies 130; a wedge shaped body 132; a substantially planar shaped body 134; or a triangular shaped body 136, all positioned on the foot receiving surface 126 of the foot support 108. Each of these foot surface configurations is exemplified in FIG. 4, which illustrates the modular and interchangeable nature of the various geometries. In certain embodiments, the foot supports may define a collective or unitary mat, while in other embodiments, the foot supports may be connectable and/or entirely separate.

The foot support 108 may further comprise a foot receiving surface 126, which serves as the primary interface between the user's feet and the exercise apparatus 100 during operation. The foot receiving surface 126 is configured to provide stable and anatomically informed foot placement, allowing the user to perform a variety of lower body movements with correct joint alignment and enhanced proprioceptive feedback. The surface is designed to accommodate different geometries, each facilitating specific mechanical advantages or muscle activation patterns depending on the selected configuration.

In one embodiment, the foot receiving surface 126 defines a partial cylindrical shaped body 128, which provides a curved surface encouraging dynamic ankle dorsiflexion or plantarflexion during movement. This shape mimics the curvature of the foot's natural arc and can be used to engage the calves, tibialis anterior, and smaller stabilizing muscles during thrusts or bridges. Alternatively, the foot receiving surface 126 may include a plurality of partial cylindrical shaped bodies 130 aligned in parallel or staggered configurations to allow segmented or rolling foot interaction. This setup may be used for foot mobility exercises, or to isolate specific regions of the foot such as the forefoot or heel, while still providing enough traction and stability for loaded movements.

Another variation includes a wedge shaped body 132, which offers an inclined surface enabling the user to alter ankle and knee angles during pressing or thrusting motions. This angled orientation may be particularly beneficial for targeting posterior chain activation by shifting the line of force and altering hip flexion mechanics. In a variation, the wedge-shaped body may define a rounded wedge, which blends a sloped incline with a convex contour. This shape provides a gradual transition from heel to toe, supporting a more natural rolling movement of the foot during thrusting or pressing. The rounded wedge surface is especially beneficial for users with limited ankle mobility or reduced dorsiflexion, as it distributes pressure evenly and promotes smoother kinetic chain progression. The curved angle also allows users to engage the posterior chain without abrupt angular shifts that could disrupt form or cause discomfort. In contrast, a substantially planar shaped body 134 presents a flat, neutral surface for traditional foot positioning, offering general-purpose compatibility with a wide range of exercises and body types. The planar surface may be textured or cushioned for additional grip and comfort. The flat geometry may also serve as a neutral default position for rehabilitation settings or general bilateral loading where symmetrical posture and joint neutrality are preferred.

The foot receiving surface 126 may define a triangular shaped body 136, which introduces a raised peak or angular edge that can be used for specialized foot placement or targeted loading. This shape may support unique exercises such as split-stance thrusts or offset loading drills. All of these geometries; a partial cylindrical shaped body 128, plurality of partial cylindrical shaped bodies 130, wedge shaped body 132, substantially planar shaped body 134, and triangular shaped body 136, are positioned directly on the foot receiving surface 126 of the foot support 108. The ability to incorporate and interchange these shapes makes the apparatus adaptable for diverse training modalities, rehabilitation protocols, and individual biomechanics.

FIG. 6A illustrates a foot receiving surface 200 comprising a plurality of partial cylindrical shaped bodies. These bodies are positioned laterally across the foot platform, allowing the user's feet 201 and 202 to rest between adjacent convex surfaces. This configuration enables dynamic foot motion along both medial and lateral vectors. Specifically, outward foot motion is illustrated in direction H and K, representing lateral rotation or abduction, while inward motion is represented in directions I and J, indicating medial rotation or adduction. This geometry facilitates controlled internal and external rotation of the hips and allows for continuous proprioceptive feedback as the feet engage and roll against the cylindrical contours during the thrusting or pressing phase of the exercise.

FIG. 6B depicts a wedge-shaped foot receiving surface 205, with the user's feet 206 positioned such that the toes are directed upward in direction M while the heels arch downward in direction L. This inclined geometry promotes a plantarflexed foot position and allows the user to drive through the forefoot, which can enhance posterior chain activation, particularly targeting the gluteus maximus and hamstrings. The angled configuration is also suitable for loading the foot in a manner that limits dorsiflexion, offering a beneficial option for users with limited ankle mobility or for emphasizing midfoot-to-forefoot pressure patterns.

FIG. 6C shows another embodiment of a wedge-shaped body 210, wherein the user's feet 207 are positioned such that the toes point downward in direction O and the heels arch upward in direction N. This orientation reflects a dorsiflexed foot position, facilitating greater ankle flexion during the loading phase of the exercise. The slope of the wedge enables eccentric control during descent and encourages activation of the tibialis anterior and quadriceps muscles. This configuration may be advantageous for users aiming to train through deeper ranges of hip flexion and extension or to accommodate anatomical preferences that favor heel-driven motion.

FIG. 6D illustrates a flat platform 215 with the user's feet 216 placed parallel to the ground surface 217. The flat configuration provides a neutral, level surface ideal for standard bilateral loading, especially when symmetry and baseline alignment are preferred. It supports a natural foot position and is often used for general-purpose glute training, assessment of movement patterns, or as a starting configuration for new users. The planar surface also serves as a reference geometry for comparative analysis against inclined or contoured surfaces.

FIG. 6E illustrates a more advanced foot receiving configuration, where a plurality of partial cylindrical shaped bodies 220 are arranged in a spaced array to allow the user's toes 221 to wedge between the convex elements. During movement, the toes remain anchored between the cylindrical bodies while the heels and calves elevate in direction R. This upward motion is similar to a calf raise or posterior chain engagement and encourages plantarflexion as part of the hip thrust motion. This configuration enhances foot anchoring, especially during the concentric phase of the thrust, and can be used to teach or reinforce posterior weight shift. The locking of the toes during thrusting is further exemplified in FIGS. 5B and 5C, which show the dynamic relationship between the user's feet and the pivoting foot support. This design promotes stability, controlled force transfer, and full-chain posterior activation throughout the entire movement cycle. Unlike traditional flat or sloped foot platforms, this configuration introduces a novel mechanism for biomechanically sequenced, multi-joint activation from a fixed forefoot anchor-a functional feature absent in prior gluteal training systems such as those disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 8,172,736 or US Pub. No. 2012/0058870.

This upward heel and calf motion, combined with the fixed toe position wedged between the cylindrical shapes, enables a controlled and mechanically advantageous movement path not supported by prior art devices. As the user applies force through the hips, the toes remain locked in place, creating a pivot-like fulcrum at the forefoot. This positioning promotes a unique sequence of muscle recruitment beginning with the glutes and progressing down through the hamstrings and calves. The resulting dorsiflexion at the ankle coupled with plantarflexion engagement during the upward motion (direction R) provides an integrated posterior chain activation not possible with flat or incline surfaces. The orientation also reinforces proper knee tracking and discourages forward knee travel, enhancing both joint protection and mechanical efficiency. This specific coupling of fixed toe position with heel lift is exemplified clearly in FIGS. 5B and 5C, which show the simultaneous arcuate motion of the upper body support and foot support while the user remains anchored at the toes. No known system offers this level of synchronized, closed-chain kinetic feedback with modular foot surfaces, making it a novel and significant improvement in biomechanically targeted glute training.

In one embodiment, the foot receiving surface includes three semicircular humps, arranged side by side across the platform, allowing bilateral foot placement on convex surfaces. These contours enhance proprioceptive engagement and provide tactile guidance for executing internal and external hip rotation movements. The triple-hump configuration also permits subtle foot rolling or dynamic repositioning throughout the thrust motion, enabling progressive adjustment of stretch or muscle targeting during use.

An exercise apparatus may further comprise an elongated insert 138 in attachment with the cross member 110, the elongated insert 138 insertable into a receiving portion 140 of the exercise apparatus 100 so that a height of the cross member 110 may be changed relative to a bottom end portion 124 of the exercise apparatus 100.

The elongated insert 138 in attachment with the cross member 110 allows for vertical adjustment of the cross member 110 relative to the rest of the exercise apparatus 100. This adjustment feature enables the apparatus to accommodate users of varying leg lengths and exercise preferences by positioning the cross member 110 at an appropriate height to interact with the user's lower legs or shins during movement. The elongated insert 138 may be a straight or telescoping shaft composed of a rigid material such as steel or aluminum, designed to maintain structural integrity under compression or shear forces exerted during exercise.

The receiving portion 140 of the exercise apparatus 100 is configured to accept the elongated insert 138 in a secure but adjustable manner. This receiving portion 140 may consist of a vertical sleeve, channel, or tube integrated into the frame structure, and may include a series of apertures or detents that correspond to pin locks, spring-loaded detents, or other mechanical fasteners disposed on the elongated insert 138. When inserted and locked, the elongated insert 138 allows the cross member 110 to be positioned at a specific height above the bottom end portion 124 of the exercise apparatus 100, providing consistent and user-specific positioning for lower leg engagement.

Adjustability of the cross member 110 height via the elongated insert 138 ensures that the apparatus can be fine-tuned to provide proper bracing against the front of the user's shins or thighs, depending on the user's proportions and the intended movement pattern. For instance, in hip thrust exercises, the cross member 110 may function as a stabilizing barrier to prevent the knees from translating forward, thereby preserving proper femur-spine alignment and promoting efficient gluteal activation. By enabling the height of the cross member 110 to be adjusted relative to the floor, the apparatus supports safe and mechanically optimal use across a wide range of body types and training intensities.

An exercise apparatus may further comprise the cross member 110 having cushioning material 142 surrounding at least a portion of the cross member 110. The cushioning material 142 configured to reduce pressure and increase comfort where the user's lower legs, particularly the shins or anterior tibial region, come into contact with the cross member 110 during exercise. The cushioning material 142 may be constructed from high-density foam, gel-foam composite, or other impact-absorbing materials, and may be enclosed in a durable, moisture-resistant outer cover such as synthetic leather or vinyl to facilitate cleaning and prolong durability under repeated use.

Surrounding the cross member 110, the cushioning material 142 functions to absorb compressive forces that occur when the user braces against the apparatus during hip extension or other lower-body movements. The presence of the cushioning material 142 minimizes the risk of localized bruising or discomfort, particularly during high-resistance training when significant bodyweight or band tension is applied. It also helps the user maintain a secure, confident position by providing tactile feedback and frictional resistance at the shin interface, enhancing overall control and stability.

In some embodiments, the cushioning material 142 may extend along the entire length of the cross member 110, while in other designs it may be segmented or concentrated in regions most likely to contact the user's body. The material may be contoured to match the curvature of the leg or may remain uniformly cylindrical depending on design preferences. By integrating cushioning material 142, the apparatus promotes a safer and more comfortable user experience, especially during exercises requiring anterior tibial engagement or repetitive contact with the cross member 110.

An exercise apparatus may further comprise a first end portion 144 and a second end portion 146 of the cross member 110, wherein the first end portion 144 and the second end portion 146 are configured to be moved between at least a first position 148 and a second position 150 along a length of the exercise apparatus 100.

The ability of the first end portion 144 and the second end portion 146 of the cross member 110 to move between at least a first position 148 and a second position 150 along the length of the exercise apparatus 100 allows the cross member 110 to be repositioned longitudinally to suit different body sizes, exercise modalities, or user preferences. This adjustability ensures that the cross member 110 can be aligned with the user's shins, knees, or thighs regardless of the user's anthropometric dimensions, allowing for precise bracing and stabilization during dynamic movements such as hip thrusts, bridges, or glute drives.

The first end portion 144 and the second end portion 146 may slide within guide rails, linear tracks, or along slots integrated into the frame structure of the exercise apparatus 100. Their positions can be secured using mechanical fasteners such as pop-pins, locking knobs, or spring-loaded detents that interface with corresponding holes or notches spaced along the length of the apparatus. This ensures that once the cross member 110 is placed in the desired position, it remains fixed and stable under load, preventing unwanted shifting or rotation during use.

In practice, the movement of the first end portion 144 and the second end portion 146 between the first position 148 and the second position 150 allows for fine-tuned customization of the apparatus layout. This longitudinal adjustability also enables seamless transitions between users of different heights or between exercises targeting different muscle groups or requiring different joint angles. By facilitating controlled anterior leg contact at varied frame locations, the cross member 110 enhances biomechanical alignment, reduces knee travel, and increases the safety and functional versatility of the exercise apparatus 100.

An exercise apparatus may further comprise a first end portion 152 and a second end portion 154 of the foot support 108, wherein the first end portion 152 and the second end portion 154 are configured to be moved between at least a first position 156 and a second position 158 along a length of the exercise apparatus 100.

The first end portion 152 and the second end portion 154 of the foot support 108 may be configured to slide or shift along a linear path defined by the frame structure of the exercise apparatus 100, enabling the foot support 108 to be repositioned between at least a first position 156 and a second position 158. This longitudinal adjustability allows the apparatus to accommodate users of varying leg lengths, pelvic structures, and mobility levels, ensuring that the user's feet can be placed in a mechanically advantageous position relative to the upper body support 104 and cross member 110 during exercise.

The adjustment mechanism for the first end portion 152 and the second end portion 154 may include a rail-and-pin system, locking lever arms, or a telescoping track integrated into the base of the frame. These mechanisms allow the user to reposition the foot support 108 with minimal effort while maintaining strong structural integrity and resistance to unwanted motion. Once the foot support 108 is aligned in the desired location, the position can be locked securely to prevent displacement under the stress of dynamic movements or heavy loading.

By allowing movement between the first position 156 and the second position 158, the exercise apparatus 100 enables fine-tuning of the user's starting joint angles, especially at the hips, knees, and ankles. This adjustability not only improves biomechanical alignment but also enhances muscle recruitment and reduces the risk of strain or compensation. For example, positioning the foot support 108 closer to or farther from the upper body support 104 affects the degree of hip flexion at the beginning of a thrust, altering gluteal activation and range of motion. This configurability makes the apparatus suitable for a broad range of use cases, including bilateral or unilateral exercises, progressive overload protocols, and rehabilitation applications.

The adjustability of the cross member and foot support along the longitudinal length of the frame is exemplified in FIGS. 3A and 3B. Both components are configured to move in direction C to accommodate users of varying sizes and to support different exercise modalities. In FIG. 3A, the cross member is shown in a first position 148 and the foot support in a first position 156. In FIG. 3B, both have been repositioned forward along the frame to a second position 150 for the cross member and a second position 158 for the foot support. This ability to reposition the components along the frame enables the apparatus to support fine-tuned user setup, helping to control the hip-to-foot distance, optimize femur alignment, and adjust the starting angle of hip flexion. Such flexibility contributes to both biomechanical efficiency and personalized ergonomic comfort.

In the another embodiment, the invention is a method of performing a muscular exercise 300 comprising: positioning substantially all of a back portion of an upper body of a user on an upper body support 302, the upper body support pivotally attached to a rear end portion of a frame structure; positioning at least one foot of the user on a foot support 304, the foot support attached to a lower end of the frame structure and frontward relative to the upper body support; positioning a front part of a leg of the user to abut a cross member 306, the cross member attached to the frame structure and positioned between the upper body support and at least a portion of the foot support; applying a first muscular force provided by the user such that the upper body support pivots between a first position and a second position 308; and positioning a front end portion of the upper body support lower in the first position than in the second position 310.

A method of performing a muscular exercise 300 may further comprise defining the upper body support with a length sufficient to receive substantially all of a back portion of an upper body of the user. By fully supporting the user's back along its length, the upper body support ensures even distribution of pressure during motion, encourages spinal alignment, and reduces localized stress on the thoracic and lumbar regions. The continuous support enhances comfort and stability as the user performs hip extension, allowing the force generated by the lower body to transfer efficiently through the torso while minimizing compensatory spinal movement.

The method may further comprise maintaining the front part of a leg of the user in contact with the cross member, such that the front of the shin is substantially prevented from moving forward during the exercise. The cross member serves as a physical barrier or brace that the user presses against, helping to stabilize the femur and prevent anterior knee translation, which could otherwise disrupt proper alignment or increase the risk of strain. This stabilizing action allows for controlled and isolated engagement of the gluteal and posterior chain musculature, improving both the safety and efficacy of the exercise.

The method may further comprise, when the upper body support is in the first position, forming an angle between the femur and the spine of the user that is less than the angle formed when the upper body support is in the second position. This change in femur-spine angle reflects a transition from a flexed to an extended hip position. The reduced angle in the first position corresponds to the start of the exercise, where the hips are flexed, and the glutes are lengthened. As the user applies muscular force and transitions to the second position, the angle increases, reflecting hip extension and gluteal contraction. Monitoring and controlling this angular relationship ensures that the user engages in a full and biomechanically sound range of motion.

The method may further comprise removing a first foot receiving surface from the foot support and attaching a second foot receiving surface to the foot support, wherein the second foot receiving surface defines a different geometry. For example, the second foot receiving surface may be a wedge, partial cylinder, or triangular profile, allowing the user to alter ankle, knee, and hip angles to accommodate different anatomical structures or exercise goals. The method may then include positioning the at least one foot of the user on the second foot receiving surface, and applying a second muscular force such that the upper body support pivots again between the first and second positions. This sequence allows the user to repeat the exercise with a new lower limb orientation, targeting different muscle recruitment patterns or joint loading strategies. The use of interchangeable foot receiving surfaces increases the versatility of the apparatus and enables progressive training, rehabilitation adaptations, or custom biomechanical tuning.

A method of performing a muscular exercise may further comprise the upper body support defining a length sufficient to receive substantially all of a back portion of the user's upper body positioned on the upper body support. This ensures that the user's spine, from the upper thoracic region down to the lower back, remains in continuous contact with the support surface throughout the movement. Such full-length engagement enhances biomechanical stability, distributes pressure evenly across the back, and minimizes localized stress points. It also improves user comfort and posture control, allowing the user to maintain a neutral spinal alignment while performing hip thrusts or other lower-body exercises. The extended support length facilitates proper force transfer from the user's lower body through the torso without reliance on compensatory movement, thereby enhancing both the safety and effectiveness of the exercise.

A method of performing a muscular exercise may further comprise the front part of a leg of the user substantially prevented from moving forward by a cross member positioned between an upper body support and a foot support. The cross member functions as a stabilizing barrier that provides anterior contact against the shin or knee region of the user, limiting forward displacement of the lower leg during the exercise. This restraint helps ensure proper alignment of the femur with respect to the spine and pelvis, promoting efficient engagement of the gluteal muscles while minimizing stress on the knee joint. By preventing anterior knee translation, the cross member contributes to safer and more biomechanically sound movement, allowing the user to focus force generation through the hips rather than compensating with unintended joint motion.

A method of performing a muscular exercise may further comprise, when the upper body support is in the first position, an angle between a femur and a spine of a user being less than when the upper body support is in the second position. This changing angle reflects the user's transition from a flexed hip position to an extended hip position during the course of the exercise. In the first position, the user's hips are flexed, resulting in a reduced angle between the femur and spine, which places the gluteal muscles in a lengthened state. As the user applies muscular force to extend the hips and the upper body support moves into the second position, this angle increases, indicating hip extension and active contraction of the glutes. Tracking or defining this angular change allows the apparatus to guide the user through a complete and biomechanically effective range of motion, reinforcing proper form and maximizing muscle engagement.

A method of performing a muscular exercise may further comprise: removing a first foot receiving surface from the foot support 312; attaching a second foot receiving surface to the foot support 314; positioning the at least one foot of the user on the second foot receiving surface positioned on the foot support 316; applying a second muscular force provided by the user such that the upper body support pivots between the first position and the second position 318; wherein the first foot receiving surface and the second foot receiving surface define at least one of: a partial cylindrical shaped body; a plurality of partial cylindrical shaped bodies; a wedge shaped body; a substantially planar shaped body; or a triangular shaped body.

A method of performing a muscular exercise may further comprise altering the geometry of the foot placement area to modify the user's lower limb orientation and joint angles during movement. By removing a first foot receiving surface and replacing it with a second foot receiving surface of a different shape, the user can adjust the positioning of the ankles, knees, and hips to emphasize specific muscle groups or accommodate anatomical variations. The new surface may take the form of a wedge, cylinder, planar platform, or triangular contour, each designed to influence the force vector generated during hip extension. Once the second foot receiving surface is installed, the user positions at least one foot on it and performs the exercise by applying muscular force sufficient to cause the upper body support to pivot between the first and second positions. In embodiments where the user employs the foot receiving surface shown in FIG. 6E, the foot is anchored at the toes between the convex elements while the heel and calf elevate upward. This locked-in toe position allows precise control over plantarflexion and posterior chain engagement as the user drives the hips upward. This configuration fosters high mechanical output from the gluteal muscles while minimizing undesired ankle or knee movement, producing a biomechanically efficient and safe thrusting motion. The availability of multiple surface geometries enables the apparatus to be adapted for targeted strength training, therapeutic use, or progressive overload, increasing the functional versatility of the system while supporting optimized biomechanics.

The apparatus may also be used in physical therapy or rehabilitative contexts, where controlled range of motion, variable foot angles, and stable bracing are necessary for recovering from lower back, hip, or knee injuries. The ability to customize support height, foot angle, and bracing position makes the system adaptable for clinical protocols requiring repeatable, low-strain hip articulation.

Although the subject matter has been described in language specific to structural features and/or methodological acts, it is to be understood that the subject matter defined in the appended claims is not necessarily limited to the specific features or acts described above. Rather, the specific features and acts described above are disclosed as example forms of implementing the claims.