PARAPET CAP

Description

CROSS REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATION

This application claims priority to U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 63/654,765 (Attorney Docket No. 32917.12), filed May 31, 2024, which is entitled PARAPET CAP, and which is hereby incorporated herein by reference for all it discloses.

FIELD

The present disclosure relates to construction, and more particularly to the formation of parapet caps (e.g., for topping wall assemblies, such as those used in buildings or as barriers, or for otherwise capping an end or other portion of a construction assembly).

BACKGROUND

Traditionally, buildings with parapets (e.g., commercial buildings, skyscrapers, and other buildings) either have no parapet caps (simply terminating in brick, concrete, or other naked wall materials) or only include rudimentary parapet caps. Rudimentary parapet caps often consist of one or more pieces of metal or fascia bent around the parapet and screwed in place.

Some of these traditional, rudimentary parapet caps can provide some protection to the parapet against weather and deterioration, but they are not particularly robust and generally require replacement at regular intervals (e.g., every 5-15 years) for the life of the building. If these parapet caps are not regularly replaced, this can result in damage to the building. Accordingly, parapet cap maintenance often involves large costs for both labor and materials. Such maintenance also often occurs in a dangerous location, such as at the top of a tall building, therefore posing a safety hazard. Thus, parapet cap maintenance can be a burdensome obligation for building owners, construction workers, and others.

Additionally, some traditional parapet caps are not very aesthetic, often becoming eyesores for what could otherwise be a beautiful building. Architecturally, it can be a great disappointment for a lovely façade or nicely textured wall to terminate with a piece of metal. In some cases, the parapet cap may even cover up or otherwise interfere with patterns or designs. Many traditional parapet caps are also subject to warping, rusting, bending, denting, and other disfiguration that can disrupt not only their aesthetics, but also their functionality.

Thus, while techniques currently exist that are used to construct parapet caps, challenges still exist, including those listed above. Accordingly, it would be an improvement in the art to augment or even replace current techniques with other techniques.

SUMMARY

Systems and methods for providing parapet caps are disclosed herein. In some implementations, a parapet cap is formed from a plurality of parapet cap segments (or just segments, for short). In some cases, the segments are pre-formed, such that they can be installed piece by piece on a parapet. Thus, some implementations of the parapet caps can be easily transported and installed.

In some cases, the segments include one or more segment bodies, which can be formed of or otherwise include any suitable material for providing beneficial structural, insulative, and other desirable properties (e.g., foam, expanded polystyrene (EPS), extruded polystyrene, polyurethane, polyisocyanurate, fiberglass, cellulose, mineral wool, aerogel, wood, metal, glass, plastic, carbon fiber, polymer material, cardboard, paper, nylon, fabric, or any other material).

According to some implementations, the segment body is coated with one or more exterior finishes. The exterior finish can include any suitable finishing material for waterproofing, strengthening, shielding, insulating, or otherwise augmenting the segment body (e.g., paint, varnish, stain, polyurethane, lacquer, wax, shellac, epoxy, resin, ceramic coating, powder coating, chrome plating, glaze, spackle, drywall, plaster, mortar, sealant, stucco, concrete, cement, or any other suitable finish).

Some implementations include one or more cap portions (e.g., for capping the parapet), and one or more lips (e.g., for retaining the cap portion on the parapet). Indeed, in some instances, the cap portion and the lips together define one or more receptacles that are configured to receive the parapet. Thus, according to some implementations, each parapet cap segment can fit onto the parapet (by disposing the parapet within the receptacle).

According to some implementations, the parapet cap includes one or more decorative features. The decorative features can include any suitable aesthetically pleasing architectural features, and they can also integrate any suitable utilitarian components. For example, the decorative features can include architectural features (e.g., chamfers, fillets, and other features, as discussed in greater detail below), lights, additional insulation, reflective paint (e.g., for safety purposes), lightning protection system components, and many other aesthetic and functional features.

In some cases, the segment body of the parapet cap segment forms or otherwise includes the cap portion, the lips, the receptacle, and the decorative feature. Accordingly, some implementations of the parapet cap (or the segments thereof) are integrally formed. Some implementations of the configurations that are set forth herein result in a parapet cap that is highly customizable, easy to transport and install, lightweight, inexpensive, and durable.

The instant disclosure also presents additional components, embodiments, and methods for providing improved parapet caps with many advantages over some traditional parapet caps, as discussed in more detail below.

DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

The objects and features of the present disclosure will become more fully apparent from the following description and appended claims, taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Understanding that these drawings depict only typical embodiments of the disclosed systems and methods and are, therefore, not to be considered limiting of its scope, the systems and methods will be described and explained with additional specificity and detail through the use of the accompanying drawings in which:

FIG. 1 shows a front perspective view of a parapet cap installed on a portion of a building, in accordance with some embodiments of the disclosed systems and methods;

FIG. 2 shows a front perspective view of the parapet cap on its own, in accordance with some embodiments;

FIG. 3 shows a side perspective view of a portion of a parapet cap segment, in accordance with some embodiments;

FIG. 4 shows a side perspective view of a portion of the parapet cap segment, in accordance with some embodiments;

FIG. 5 shows a side perspective view of a portion of a parapet cap segment, in accordance with some embodiments;

FIG. 6 shows a top perspective view of a corner parapet cap segment, in accordance with some embodiments;

FIG. 7 shows a bottom perspective view of the corner parapet cap segment, in accordance with some embodiments;

FIG. 8 shows a front elevation view of the corner parapet cap segment, in accordance with some embodiments;

FIG. 9 shows a front perspective view of the corner parapet cap segment, in accordance with some embodiments;

FIG. 10 shows a side perspective view of the parapet cap segment being installed on a wall, in accordance with some embodiments; and

FIG. 11 shows a side perspective view of the parapet cap segment being installed on the wall, in accordance with some embodiments.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

A description of embodiments will now be given with reference to the Figures, wherein like numerals refer to like components throughout. It is expected that the present systems and methods may take many other forms and shapes. Hence, the following disclosure is intended to be illustrative and not limiting, and the scope of the disclosure should be determined by reference to the appended claims.

According to some embodiments, a parapet cap 20 is provided. The parapet cap can include any suitable component configured to cap, shield, insulate, cover, decorate, or otherwise provide additional protection, functionality, or aesthetics for all or a portion of a parapet, wall, a roof, or another portion of a building, a barrier, or any other suitable structure. In some embodiments, the parapet cap is configured to act as a cap or an end piece for an edge of a wall. In some cases, the edge is a top edge, but in some cases a side edge, a bottom edge, or another edge can benefit from terminating in the parapet cap. By way of non-limiting illustration, FIG. 1 shows a parapet cap 20 formed on a portion of a top face of a wall (in particular, a parapet) of a building.

The face capped by the parapet cap 20 can have any suitable shape, configuration, or dimensions. For example, the face can be straight or substantially straight, curved, wavy or undulating, stepped (e.g., having multiple levels or tiers, as shown in FIG. 1), sloped, arched, or having any other shape or configuration. Additionally, the face can have any length, such as between 0.01 m and 350 m, or any subrange thereof, or any other length of a building, a wall, barrier, or another structure that could benefit from the parapet cap. The face can also have any width (or thickness), such as between 1 cm and 2.5 m, or any subrange thereof, or any other width of a wall or another structure that could benefit from a parapet cap. In some cases, the parapet cap has a similar shape, configuration, or dimensions as the face to be capped by the parapet cap, but in some cases, the parapet cap has a substantially different shape, configuration, or dimensions. For example, some embodiments have a substantially straight parapet, but a curved, contoured, or otherwise shaped parapet cap with a different shape than the parapet itself is used to add additional aesthetic appeal or improved functionality (e.g., better drainage characteristics) to the parapet, roof or other structure.

According to some embodiments, the parapet cap 20 includes one or more parapet cap segments (segments). The segments can include any components that, together, form the parapet cap. Accordingly, as with the parapet cap as a whole, the segments can have any shape, length, or other dimensions. For example, any of the segments can be straight or substantially straight, curved, wavy, undulating, stepped, sloped, arched, staggard, or having any other suitable shape or configuration. By way of non-limiting illustration, FIG. 2 shows a parapet cap 20 having a plurality of segments 22 of varying configurations.

Although the segments 22 can include any component allowing them to form the parapet cap 20 or contribute to any of its features (e.g., protection, insulation, aesthetics, or other features as discussed herein), some embodiments of the segments include one or more segment bodies 24 (each a body), which can be coated with one or more exterior finishes 26 (a finish). To illustrate, FIG. 3 shows a segment 22 having a body 24 coated with a finish 26.

The body 24 can be formed of or otherwise include any suitable material for forming the parapet cap 20. For example, some embodiments of the body are made of or otherwise include one or more of wood, metal, glass, plastic, carbon fiber, polymer material, cardboard, paper, fabric, netting, or any other material. In some embodiments, the body includes an insulative material, such as foam (e.g., expanded polystyrene, polyurethane foam, polyethylene foam, polypropylene foam, neoprene rubber, cross linked polyethylene, low isocyanate foam, isocyanate free foam, cementitious foam, phenolic foam, and any other suitable type of foam), fiberglass, mineral wool, cellulose, natural fibers, polystyrene, polyisocyanurate, polyurethane, perlite, insulation facings, materials with air pockets, or any other type of insulation. By way of non-limiting illustration, some implementations include foam insulation, such as by being entirely or largely formed of foam insulation, having a foam insulation core (e.g., with another material or other materials forming an exterior of the segment body), having one or more layers formed of foam insulation, being formed of a blended material that includes foam insulation, or otherwise. In some cases, the foam insulation comprises EPS, whereas in some cases it includes polyurethane foam, open-cell foam, closed-cell foam, extruded polystyrene (XPS), polyisocyanurate, or any other suitable type of foam insulation. In some cases, a similar configuration is used, but with a different material in addition to or instead of an insulating foam (for example, some embodiments have an exterior shell and an inner core formed of different materials, layered materials, or a blend of materials, including any of the materials listed above).

Additionally, the finish 26 can be formed of or otherwise include any suitable material for coating (e.g., waterproofing, strengthening, shielding, insulating, improving a look, or otherwise augmenting or varying) all or a portion of the body 24. For example, in some embodiments, the finish includes one or more types of paint, varnish, stain, polyurethane, lacquer, wax, shellac, epoxy, resin, ceramic coating, powder coating, chrome plating, glaze, spackle, drywall, plaster, mortar, sealant, stucco, wire, cement, concrete, flashing, fascia, building paper, metal lath, scratch coat, brown coat, finish coat, drip screed, wiring, framework, putty, polymer, or any other suitable finish. Some embodiments of the finish include a solid, durable, waterproof finish, such as stucco or concrete, which can be capable of protecting the body (particularly where the body includes a soft material, such as foam) from the sun, UV light, rain, wind, and other elements. By way of non-limiting illustration, some embodiments include a layer of stucco as exterior finish, which performs the dual tasks of increasing the aesthetic appeal of the parapet cap and protecting the material of the segment bodies (which, in some cases, is an insulating foam) from the elements. In some cases, an additional layer of exterior finish (e.g., sealant, wax, or any other exterior finish as discussed above), is also included. For example, the exterior finish can include a first layer configured to protect the segment body material, and a second layer with greater aesthetic appeal. Any number of additional layers can also be included.

A coating of finish 26 can include one or multiple layers of any suitable thickness. For example, a layer of finish can be anywhere between 1 μm and 30 cm thick, or any subrange thereof (e.g., 2 cm±1 cm, 5 cm±3 cm, or 10 cm±5 cm). In some embodiments, one or more layers of exterior finish has a thickness of less than 10 cm, less than 5 cm, less than 2 cm, less than 1 cm, less than 100 μm, less than 50 μm, or any other suitable thickness. In some cases, one or more layers are sufficiently thin so as not to substantially change the underlying shape of the parapet cap (e.g., one or more layers of paint, varnish, sealant, or other exterior finishes generally conform to the shape of the parapet cap, as their thickness is less than a thickness of one or more ridges, grooves, or other ornamental features of the parapet cap).

The finish 26 can be applied to any suitable portions of the parapet cap 20. For example, some embodiments of the finish cover an entire exterior of one or more segment bodies 24 (including within a receptacle 32, which in some cases can protect the receptacle from the parapet), and some embodiments of the finish cover a large portion of the exterior (e.g., at least 75%, 80%, 85%, 90%, 95%, or 99% of the exterior of the body). That said, some embodiments of the finish (or one or more layers of the finish) do not cover one or more portions of the body 24. For example, some embodiments do not include the finish within the receptacle, on one or more ends, or on one or more faces of the body.

Where multiple layers are included, the layers can be applied differently. For instance, some embodiments include a first layer of finish in the form of a sealant or protective coating applied over the entire exterior (including within the receptacle) and a second layer of finish in the form of a hard coating, such as stucco or cement, that is applied over the portions of the exterior that would otherwise be visible when the parapet cap 20 is installed, but not within the receptacle.

According to some embodiments, the materials forming the parapet cap 20 (e.g., the materials forming the body 24 together with the finish 26) are sufficiently insulative to give the parapet cap an R-value of at least 2, at least 3, at least 4, at least 5, at least 8, at least 10, at least 12, at least 15, at least 20, or at least 25. Indeed, in some embodiments, the parapet cap has an R-value of at least 12.

Each parapet cap segment 22 can be formed in any shape and configuration, or otherwise include any feature, that allows it to couple to a structure, providing insulation or protection for the structure, or increase the aesthetic appeal of the structure. For example, some embodiments of the segment include one or more lips 28 (which may include one or more first lips 28a, one or more second lips 28b, and any number of additional lips), one or more cap portions 30, one or more receptacles 32, one or more slots 34, or one or more decorative features 36. By way of non-limiting illustration, FIGS. 3-5 show embodiments of parapet cap segments 22 having a first lip 28a and a second lip 38b, which together with a cap portion 30 define one or more receptacles 32, with one or more slots 34 formed in an underside of the cap portion, and with one or more decorative features 36 formed on one or more faces (or other surfaces) of the parapet cap segment (proximate to the first lip). However, each of these features may have a variety of configurations, as described in additional detail below.

Where the parapet cap segment 22 includes one or more lips 28, the lips can include any feature that allows them to assist in coupling the segment to a structure (e.g., to cap a parapet). For example, some embodiments of a lip include a portion of the segment configured to abut a parapet and run parallel—or substantially parallel, such as within 20 degrees (or any subrange thereof, such as within 10 degrees, 5 degrees, or 1 degree of parallel, or any other subrange)—to a portion of a wall terminating in the parapet. In some embodiments, the lip is configured to be disposed adjacent or proximate to the wall, and in some embodiments, the lip is configured to contact the wall (in some cases directly, and in some cases with one or more intervening components or materials). The lip can be disposed on either side of the wall. In some embodiments, having a first lip 28a and a second lip 28b, the first lip is disposed on a first side of the wall and the second lip is disposed on a second side of the wall (thereby “sandwiching” the wall between the two lips). Additionally, in some embodiments, one or more of the lips comprise one or more flat surfaces or surfaces that otherwise have a shape or feature that is configured to match a or mate with a contour or feature of a parapet (e.g., being curved to match a curvature of a parapet, having a dovetailed groove or process that is configured to mate with a corresponding feature of a parapet, having a mechanical engagement or frictional engagement that is configured to couple to a corresponding feature on a parapet, or having any other suitable feature).

Where the parapet cap segment 22 includes two (or more) lips 28, the lips can be separated by any suitable distance allowing them to accommodate a structure (e.g., a parapet or other wall edge). In some embodiments, the lips are separated by a gap of between 1 mm (e.g., for use in connection with a very thin wall) and 2.5 m (e.g., for use in connection with a very thick wall), or any subrange thereof. For example, in some embodiments, the lips are separated by a gap of 1 m±0.5 m, 0.5 m±0.25 m, 0.3 m±0.2 m, 0.2 m±0.1 m, or any other suitable gap for accommodating a parapet (or other structure). In some embodiments, the distance between the lips is approximately the same as the thickness of the wall or parapet. In some cases, the distance between the lips is slightly less than the thickness of the wall, but the body 24 is at least slightly compliant, such that the lips can be resiliently pulled further apart to accommodate the wall, after which the natural resiliency of the body causes the lips to be biased back together, thereby helping to form a strong retention on the wall.

The lip 28 (e.g., the first lip 28a, the second lip 28b, both, and any other suitable lip) can have any suitable configuration that allows it to help retain a parapet cap segment 22 on a parapet (or another applicable structure) or provide aesthetic appeal to the parapet. In some embodiments, the lip includes an end portion, which can be flat (see first lip 28a of FIG. 4), tapered (see second lip 28b of FIG. 4), or otherwise configured. In some embodiments in which the end portion is tapered, the end portion is tapered toward the receptacle (such that an outer edge of the lip extends past an inner edge of the lip). In some such cases, the taper causes the end portion of the lip to be concealed when the parapet cap segment 22 is viewed from the front—or from the back, as applicable (e.g., when facing the wall capped by the parapet cap 20). For example, in some cases, the end portion is not visible to viewers even when the parapet cap segment is in an elevated position, such as atop an elevated parapet of a wall, as viewed from the ground). Accordingly, the taper may have any suitable angle. For example, in some cases the angle of the taper (e.g., the angle between the outer face (or the inner face, in some cases) of the lip and the end portion) is between 100 degrees and 20 degrees, or any subrange thereof (e.g., 85 degrees±10; 75 degrees±10 degrees; 60 degrees±15 degrees; 50 degrees±20 degrees; or any other suitable angle).

In some embodiments, an inner edge of the lip 28 (e.g., the edge disposed adjacent to the receptacle 32) is rounded (for example, as shown in FIGS. 3-5). In some embodiments, this allows the parapet cap segment 22 to be more easily inserted onto a parapet (or another portion of a structure) without getting stuck. Indeed, the rounded edge can increase the tolerance of the receptacle (allowing it to more easily fit over a parapet) without substantially decreasing the ability of the lip to retain the segment in place with respect to the parapet.

The lip can also have any suitable thickness (which, in this case, refers to the distance between the outer face of the lip and the inner face of the lip), any suitable length (which, in this case, refers to the distance between one lateral edge of the lip and the other lateral edge of the lip on the same face), and any suitable height (which, in this case, refers to the distance between the end portion of the lip and the top of the lip (where the lip joins with the cap portion 30)). For example, some embodiments of the lip have a thickness of between 1 cm and 1 m, or any subrange thereof (e.g., 0.15 m±0.10 m, etc.). Some embodiments of the lip have a length equal to (or substantially equal to, such as within 1% of) the length of the parapet cap segment 22 itself (although some embodiments of the lip have a length that is longer or shorter than the parapet cap segment as a whole). In some embodiments, the lip has a height of between 1 cm and 3 m, or any subrange thereof (e.g., 0.3 m±0.1 m, etc.). In some embodiments, the lip has a height determined with respect to a height of the wall (e.g., where the lip height is a certain percentage of the height of the wall).

Where the parapet cap segment 22 includes multiple lips 28, the lips can have the same, similar, or different configurations (including any of the configurations or combinations thereof set forth above). By way of non-limiting illustration, FIGS. 3-4 show a parapet cap segment 20 having a first lip 28a and a second lip 28b, where the first lip is thinner and longer (height wise) than the second lip, and where the second lip is tapered and has a rounded inner edge while the first lip is flat with square edges.

As briefly mentioned above, some embodiments of the parapet cap segment 22 include one or more cap portions 30. In this regard, the cap portion can include any suitable component configured to cover the end (e.g., the top face) of a parapet or otherwise cover or cap an edge or end portion of a wall or another structure. The cap portion can also have any shape suitable for doing so. For example, the cap portion can be flat, wavy, undulating, stepped, curved, rounded, or otherwise be configured with any regular or irregular pattern (or isolated feature). In some embodiments, the cap portion includes a sloped surface configured to deflect rainwater (or other liquid) or to act as a windbreak. Where the cap portion has one or more sloped surfaces, the slope may have any suitable angle for deflecting a fluid. For example, the angle may be between 1 degree and 89 degrees, or any subrange thereof (e.g., 2 degrees±1 degree, 5 degrees±3 degrees, 10 degrees±5 degrees, 12 degrees±5 degrees, or any other suitable angle range). By way of non-limiting illustration, FIGS. 3-5 show a cap portion with a top face that is slightly sloped.

In some embodiments, the cap portion 30 comprises a reflective material, a bright color scheme, or another suitable feature configured to make the parapet cap 20 more visible from an aircraft, to keep birds away, or to reflect sunlight away to reduce the heat absorption profile of the parapet cap. In some embodiments, the cap portion includes one or more channels configured to channel rainwater (or other liquid) to one or more designated locations. In some embodiments, the cap portion (or any other part of the parapet cap) comprises one or more wires, lightning rods, or other elements of a lightning protection system.

In some embodiments, the cap portion 30 is integrally formed with or otherwise coupled to the lips 28. Accordingly, in some embodiments, the cap portion and the lips together define the receptacle 32 (e.g., inner surfaces of the cap portion and the lips form walls of the receptacle). The receptacle can be configured in any manner that allows it to receive a parapet (or another suitable portion of a structure). For example, the receptacle can be generally square, rectangular, triangular, arched, rounded, or formed into any other polygon, partial polygon, prism, elongated structure, or other shape that generally corresponds to a portion of the parapet (or other structural component) that the receptacle is configured to fit. By way of non-limiting illustration, FIGS. 3-5 show a receptacle 32 that is generally rectangular (which may be a common corresponding parapet shape).

The foregoing notwithstanding, some embodiments of the receptacle have a shape different from the shape of the corresponding parapet (as modulated by changing the characteristics of the cap portion 30 and the lips 28). Indeed, some embodiments of the receptacle include an additional portion that does not correspond with the shape of the parapet, and is instead configured to form a space between the cap portion and the wall. In such cases, the space can have any suitable configuration, shape, and dimensions allowing it to contain one or more additional components, such as electrical wiring, plumbing, tubing, rain gutters, water channels, insulation, air pockets, lightning protection components, or anything else that might be desirable to house within the parapet cap 20 between the cap portion and the wall. By way of non-limiting illustration, FIGS. 10-11 show a parapet cap segment 22 having a receptacle 32 that includes a first portion corresponding to the shape of the parapet (so the segment can be fitted onto the parapet) and a second portion that is not configured to receive the parapet (in this case by being too narrow to receive the parapet), which is configured to form a space within the segment, between the cap portion and the wall.

According to some embodiments, the parapet cap segment 22 includes one or more slots 34. In this regard, the slot can be configured in any manner that allows it to receive an additional component. For example, the slot can include an indentation with a shape that corresponds to the shape of one or more pipes, electrical wires, conduits, lightning rods, reinforcing members (e.g., pieces of rebar, girders, struts, or another reinforcement component), heating elements, cooling elements, lights, or another suitable component or components. Thus, the slot can have any suitable shape, including being circular, semi-circular, linear, triangular, rectangular, square, polygonal, L-shaped, J-shaped, irregular, symmetrical, asymmetrical, or otherwise. Additionally, the slot can be formed in any portion of the segment. For example, some embodiments of the slot are formed in the cap portion 30, the first lip 28a, the second lip 28b, or another portion of the segment. Some embodiments of the slot are formed in the exterior of the segment, whereas some embodiments of the slot are formed in the interior. Indeed, some embodiments of the slot form a continuous cavity with the receptacle. By way of non-limiting illustration, FIGS. 3-5 show a segment 22 with an L-shaped slot 34 formed in the interior of the cap portion 30 and forming a continuous cavity with the receptacle. In FIGS. 3-4, a first “leg” of the L-shape of the slot is aligned with the interior face of the first lip 28a, whereas in FIG. 5 the slot 34 is offset from the lip (closer to the center of the receptacle). In FIGS. 3-5, a second “leg” of the L-shape of the slot 34 is recessed into the inner face of the cap portion 30. Accordingly, in such embodiments, an additional component with a corresponding shape or partially corresponding shape (e.g., an elongated L-shaped reinforcement member, as may be formed on a parapet) can fit into the slot in such a manner that the parapet cap segment 22 as a whole still fits properly, notwithstanding the presence of the reinforcement member.

According to some embodiments, the parapet cap segment 22 includes one or more decorative features 36. The decorative features can include any component or any configuration of the segment that increases the aesthetic appeal of the segment. For example, some embodiments of the decorative feature include one or more façades, moldings, pieces of trims, carvings, embossing, intaglios, sculptures, tiles, mosaics, metal details (e.g., ironworks), paintings, cornices, capitals, friezes, scrollwork, siding, pieces of fascia, drip edges, gutters, pieces of flashing, processes, recesses, or other decorative elements. In some embodiments, one or more of the decorative features are integrally formed with the segment (e.g., where the segment body 24 is shaped to include a decorative façade), and in some embodiments, one or more of the decorative features are otherwise coupled to the segment. The decorative feature can also include any shape, such as one or more convex portions, concave portions, curves, right angles, other angles, chamfers, shoulders, fillets, protrusions, indentations, crowns, rounds, bevels, tapers, tips, slopes, dovetails, and other features. In some embodiments, the decorative features are formed with or otherwise coupled to one or more of the lips 28. By way of non-limiting illustration, FIGS. 1-11 show examples of decorative features 36 that include various decorative façades formed with or otherwise coupled to a first lip 28a of a parapet cap segment 22.

In some embodiments, the decorative feature 36 is also configured to carry out one or more utilitarian functions. For example, some embodiments of the decorative feature include insulation (e.g., the insulative body 24) for shielding against temperature changes, sound, electricity, or otherwise. Some embodiments of the decorative feature include a sloped surface to deflect rain, wind, or other elements. Indeed, in some embodiments, the decorative feature has a sloped surface that is contiguous with the sloped surface of the cap portion 30. Some embodiments of the decorative feature include a slot (such as the slot 34, discussed above) or another feature for receiving wiring, plumbing, a drain, lighting, a rain gutter, or any other auxiliary component.

Although some embodiments of parapet cap segments 22 are generally straight (e.g., configured to cap a substantially straight portion of a parapet or another structure), some embodiments of a segment are configured to cap a portion of a parapet or another structure that is not straight. For example, some embodiments are configured to cap a corner or another shaped feature. Accordingly, one or more components of the segment (e.g., the lips 28, the cap portion 30, the receptacle 32, the slot 34, the decorative feature 36, or any other component) can be shaped to correspond with a parapet. For instance, some embodiments of the receptacle include a channel with a right-angle bend (or a bend of any other angle, such as an angle between 80° and 100°, and angle of less than 90°, and angle of greater than 180°, or any other angle). By way of non-limiting illustration, FIGS. 6-9 show a parapet cap segment 22 configured to cap a corner of a parapet, having lips 28, a cap portion 30, a receptacle 32, a slot 34, and a decorative feature 36, which are each angled to accommodate a shape of a parapet (in particular, a corner).

Some embodiments of the systems and methods disclosed herein include a method of providing a parapet cap 20. In some embodiments, the method includes obtaining a first parapet cap segment 22. Obtaining the first segment can include any suitable manner of obtaining, such as by forming the segment (e.g., by using a laser cutter, a hot foam wire cutter, a hot knife, a computer numerical control machine, or any other suitable cutting technique; molding; cutting; sanding; extruding; grinding; etching; digitally rendering the segment; 3D printing; additive manufacturing; or otherwise forming the segment), assembling the segment, purchasing the segment, or otherwise acquiring the segment. In some embodiments, the obtained segment includes any feature or configuration discussed in connection with any parapet cap segment discussed herein (for example, some embodiments of forming the segment include forming any of the features or configurations thereof discussed herein).

Some embodiments of the method include forming a segment body 24 of the segment 22 into a desired shape (e.g., as discussed above), such as a shape that includes one or more lips 28, cap portions 30, receptacles 32, slots 34, decorative features 36, or other features. In some embodiments, this includes cutting the body to the desired shape, and in some embodiments, it includes otherwise forming the body (e.g., through coupling components together, additive manufacturing, molding, or other forming processes).

Some embodiments of the method include coating the body 24 with one or more exterior finishes 26. As discussed above, any suitable type of finish can be used. In some embodiments, the body is completely coated with the exterior finish, while in some embodiments, one or more portions of the body are not coated. For example, in some embodiments, one or more faces (e.g., end faces), lips 28, cap portions 30, or decorative features 36 (or any portions of any of the foregoing) remains uncoated. By way of non-limiting example, an end face (see the face of FIG. 11 on which the adhesive 40 is applied) does not include the exterior finish (which can, in some cases, allow the adhesive or other fastener to better secure the segments together).

In some embodiments, the method includes disposing at least a portion of a parapet (or of another portion of a wall or structure) at least partially within the receptacle 32. In some embodiments, a portion of the receptacle remains hollow (or is filled with something other than the parapet), and in some embodiments, the receptacle is configured to be fully or substantially (e.g., 95%+) filled with the parapet. By way of non-limiting illustration, FIGS. 10-11 show a parapet cap segment 22 installed on a parapet 38 such that a portion of the receptacle 32 of the segment receives the parapet, while a portion of the receptacle 32 remains empty.

Where the receptacle 32 is not fully filled with the parapet, some embodiments of the method include installing one or more reinforcement members, plumbing, electrical components, additional insulation, lighting, sound systems, lightning protection systems, or any other suitable components in the receptacle (e.g., in the space left between the parapet and the parapet cap segment 22). Additional components can be installed at any suitable point in the method (whether before, after, or concurrently with placing one or more parapet cap segments 22 on the parapet).

Some embodiments of the method include coupling the parapet cap segment 22 to the parapet. This may be done in any suitable manner, such as using one or more nails, screws, bolts, staples, eyelets, magnets, hook-and-loop fasteners, glues, adhesives, welds, interference fits, friction fits, mechanical engagements, tongue-and-groove connections, snaps, ties, rivets, stakes, wire ties, or any other couplers or coupling mechanisms. Some embodiments include securing one or more fasteners to or through one or more lips 28 of the segment (although fasteners can be secured to or through any other portion of the segment as well). The coupling can be permanent, semi-permanent, or selective. In some cases, fasteners are inserted through the body 24 of the segment before the exterior finish 26 is applied, such that the exterior finish coats the fasteners (and, where the exterior finish seals against leakages, protects from leakage where the fasteners are inserted).

In some embodiments, the method includes coupling a second parapet cap segment 22 to the first parapet cap segment. Once again, this may be done in any suitable manner, such as by using one or more one or more nails, screws, bolts, staples, eyelets, magnets, hook-and-loop fasteners, adhesives, welds, interference fits, friction fits, tongue-and-groove connections, dovetail couplings, mortise and tenon couplings, butt joints, dado joints, rabbet joints, biscuit joints, finger joints, miter joints, pocket joints, bridle joints, half lap joints, mitered butt joints, edge joints, half lap joints, half blind joints, sliding dovetail joints, comb joints, halving joints, scarf joints, lap joints, snaps, ties, rivets, stakes, wire ties, fasteners, or any other couplers. For example, some embodiments of the method include applying an adhesive (or another coupler) to the first parapet cap segment (at any suitable time, such as after the segment has been coupled to the parapet), then using the adhesive to couple the second parapet cap segment to the first parapet cap segment (again, at any suitable time, such as before coupling the second parapet cap segment to the parapet). By way of non-limiting illustration, FIG. 11 shows a first parapet cap segment having an adhesive 40 applied to an end face thereof, ready to receive an adjoining second parapet cap segment.

In some embodiments, the exterior finish 26 is applied after two or more segments 22 are joined together, such that the parapet cap 20 appears to be one unitary piece (with no visible seam between the joined segments).

The systems and methods discussed herein can be modified in any suitable manner. For example, some embodiments include multiple decorative features 36 (such as one or more decorative features on each of the first lip 28a and the second lip 28b). As another example, a slope of a sloped surface (e.g., of the cap portion 30, the decorative feature 36, or another component of a segment) can run in any direction (e.g., along the length, along the width, or along the height of the segment, or along a combination of the foregoing). Yet another example of a suitable modification is that the segment body 24 can be coated with multiple layers of exterior finish 26 (of the same or different kinds).

Many features of the systems and methods disclosed herein provide distinct advantages over some existing parapet caps. For example, some embodiments of the described parapet cap 20 are easy to install, aesthetically pleasing, resilient, durable, customizable, inexpensive, provide insulative properties to a structure, and are able to accommodate a wide range of auxiliary features and components. Some embodiments provide a parapet cap with a large volume (for aesthetic and functional purposes) while still being relatively light (thus lowering transportation costs and making them more convenient for use in construction).

Any and all of the components in the Figures, embodiments, implementations, instances, cases, methods, applications, iterations, and other parts of this disclosure can be combined and mixed and matched in absolutely any suitable manner. Additionally, any component can be removed, separated from other components, modified with or without modification of like components, or otherwise altered together or separately from anything else disclosed herein.

As used herein, the singular forms “a”, “an”, “the” and other singular references include plural referents, and plural references include the singular, unless the context clearly dictates otherwise. For example, reference to a slot includes reference to one or more slots, and reference to fasteners includes reference to one or more fasteners. In addition, where reference is made to a list of elements (e.g., elements a, b, and c), such reference is intended to include any one of the listed elements by itself, any combination of less than all of the listed elements, and/or a combination of all of the listed elements. Moreover, the term “or” by itself is not exclusive (and therefore may be interpreted to mean “and/or”) unless the context clearly dictates otherwise. Similarly, the term “and” by itself is not exclusive (and therefore may be interpreted to mean “and/or”) unless the context clearly dictates otherwise. Furthermore, the terms “including”, “having”, “such as”, “for example”, “e.g.”, and any similar terms are not intended to limit the disclosure, and may be interpreted as being followed by the words “without limitation”.

In addition, as the terms “on”, “disposed on”, “attached to”, “connected to”, “coupled to”, etc. are used herein, one object (e.g., a material, element, structure, member, etc.) can be on, disposed on, attached to, connected to, or otherwise coupled to another object-regardless of whether the one object is directly on, attached, connected, or coupled to the other object, or whether there are one or more intervening objects between the one object and the other object. Also, directions (e.g., “front”, “back”, “on top of”, “below”, “above”, “top”, “bottom”, “side”, “up”, “down”, “under”, “over”, “upper”, “lower”, “lateral”, “right-side”, “left-side”, “base”, etc.), if provided, are relative and provided solely by way of example and for ease of illustration and discussion and not by way of limitation.

The described systems and methods may be embodied in other specific forms without departing from their spirit or essential characteristics. The described embodiments, examples, and illustrations are to be considered in all respects only as illustrative and not restrictive. The scope of the described systems and methods is, therefore, indicated by the appended claims rather than by the foregoing description. All changes that come within the meaning and range of equivalency of the claims are to be embraced within their scope.