HYBRID RESISTANCE GENERATION SYSTEM FOR AN EXERCISE MACHINE

Description

CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

This application claims the benefit of European Patent Application No. 24190477.0, titled “Chamber system with a hybrid resistance source for use in exercise machines,” filed by ATLETICA Deutschland GmbH on Jul. 23, 2024.

This application claims the benefit of European Patent Application No. 24201874.5, titled “A hybrid resistance generation system for an exercise machine,” filed by ATLETICA Deutschland GmbH on Sep. 23, 2024.

This application incorporates the entire contents of the foregoing application(s) herein by reference.

TECHNICAL FIELD

The present application relates to a hybrid resistance generation system for an exercise machine. The hybrid resistance generation system comprises a weight stack with a plurality of weights that can be coupled with a weight sword providing a first resistance source, and an electromechanical resistance module providing a second resistance source. The first resistance source and the second resistance source are connected in series, so that a resulting resistance source is applied to a first cable, which is coupled to the weight sword.

BACKGROUND

In general, an exercise machine is a mechanical device designed to support and optimize physical exercises. These machines are commonly used in gyms, rehabilitation centers, and can also be used in private homes to train various muscle groups, improve physical fitness, and achieve specific health goals. There are different types of exercise machines, such as cardio machines that enhances cardiovascular fitness, strength machines that increases muscle strength and mass, and flexibility and stretching machines that improves body flexibility and mobility. Multifunctional machines combine various functions to provide comprehensive training.

Fitness strength machines with weight stacks, also known as selectorized machines, are a common type of exercise machines. These machines typically feature weight stacks ranging from 45 kg to 200 kg, often segmented into 5 kg or 10-pound increments. The weight blocks, often referred to as “Iron Weights”, are connected to a system of cables and pulleys, providing the necessary resistance for a variety of cable-based exercises. These machines are the industry standard in both commercial and home gym environments.

Exercise machines can be configured as, for example, a power rack, a cable crossover machine, a functional trainer, a smith machine or a strength and smith machine.

Examples of exercises that can be performed on selectorized machines include lat-pulldowns, chest flyes, seated rowing, shoulder presses, and leg curls. Users can adjust the weight resistance by moving a pin between different weight blocks, coupling the selected weight blocks to a weight sword, which allows for customization of the workout intensity.

However, this adjustment process can be inconvenient as each adjustment requires the user to interrupt the exercise and move away from the training position to change the weight by moving the pin. In addition, conventional machines are not equipped with sensors that focus on analyzing and recording combined weights moved by the first and second resistance sources.

There are already solutions of exercise machines on the market that use electrical motors, flywheels, or magnetic brake systems to provide resistance instead of physical iron weights. These solutions rely on one (non-iron weight) resistance source to provide variable resistance to the user.

However, a disadvantage of these electromechanical resistance systems is, by fully cancelling the iron weights, the loss of haptic feedback that users experience with traditional physical weights. When moving physical weights, users feel the inertia, mass, and gravity of the weights, which enhances neuromuscular coordination as they control the weight throughout the exercise. Additionally, there is a psychological and motivational effect associated with visually moving physical weights. Experience shows that it is more positive for an athlete's motivation to move real weights.

SUMMARY

In a first aspect, the application relates to a hybrid resistance generation system for an exercise machine comprising a housing, a sensor system, a weight stack with a plurality of weights that can be coupled with a weight sword providing a first resistance source, and an electromechanical resistance module providing a second resistance source. The first resistance source and the second resistance source are connected in series, so that a resulting resistance source is applied to a first cable, which may be coupled to the weight sword.

The integration of a weight stack with a plurality of weights and an electromechanical resistance module into a single resistance generation system for an exercise machine offers a versatile workout experience, allowing users to benefit from the tactile feedback of traditional weights as well as the dynamic, software adjustable and precise control of electronic resistance. Physical weights, in particular the weights of a weight stack, offer high haptic feedback, allowing users to feel inertia, mass, and visually see the movement of the weights, which can improve neuromuscular coordination and motivation. In contrast, a fully electrical system would lack this benefit. This invention preserves the tactile and visual feedback of physical weights, while incorporating the advantages of electronic or electromechanical resistance.

The disclosed resistance generation system for an exercise machine enables non-linear force distribution throughout an exercise set without adjusting the weight stack. Users can engage with conventional iron weights while the electromechanical resistance module dynamically ads, increases or decreases resistance within a workout set or even within a single repetition. This enables a dynamic muscle tension curve, which is widely recognized by scientists as optimal for developing muscle strength.

In addition, the disclosed hybrid resistance generation system for an exercise machine can be used for any conventional exercise typically performed with traditional weights. This includes, but is not limited to, the bench press, squat, and deadlift (the three main powerlifting movements), as well as the incline bench press, shoulder press, bent-over row, and lat-pulldown. The disclosed hybrid resistance generation system is also suitable for an exercise machine which is adaptable to various forms and shapes of strength machines. The primary differences lie in the position of the hybrid resistance generation system within the exercise machine, and the cable routings. However, the main principle of combining simultaneously physical weights and an electromechanical resistance module into a hybrid system remains consistent across different machines.

The proposed hybrid resistance generation system can also be implemented in versions without a housing and/or without a sensor system. These features are not considered essential.

For example, an advantageous embodiment may be configured as follows: A hybrid resistance generation system for an exercise machine comprises a weight stack with a plurality of weights that can be coupled with a weight sword providing a first resistance source. It further comprises an electromechanical resistance module providing a second resistance source, the electromechanical resistance module including an electric motor with a winch on which a second cable can be wound and unwound. The first resistance source and the second resistance source are connected in series, with the second cable interconnecting the electromechanical resistance module and the weight sword, so that a resulting resistance source is applied to a first cable, which is coupled to the weight sword. The second cable is coupled to a first end of the weight sword, and the first cable is coupled to a second end of the weight sword, the first and second ends being located on opposite sides of the weight sword. Two pulleys guide the second cable from the electromechanical resistance module to the second end of the weight sword of the weight stack.

In another example, the hybrid resistance generation system for an exercise machine may comprise a weight stack with a plurality of weights that can be coupled with a weight sword, providing a first resistance source. An electromechanical resistance module provides a second resistance source, the electromechanical resistance module comprising an electric motor with a winch on which a second cable can be wound and unwound. The first resistance source and the second resistance source are connected in series, with the second cable interconnecting the electromechanical resistance module and the weight sword, so that a resulting resistance source is applied to a first cable, which is coupled to the weight sword. The electric motor is designed as a brushless outrunner motor.

It is apparent that the application is not limited to the examples mentioned above.

Generally, a weight stack may be a series of rectangular weight plates, usually made of metal, that are stacked and can be selected (in blocks) for use by inserting a pin into the desired weight level. The user can adjust the number of weights by moving the pin to a different weight plate, coupling the selected weight plates to a weight sword. The individual weight plates have a through hole through which the pin can be guided to engage the weight sword. The selected weight plates (or blocks) may be guided up and down by a pair of vertical rods and the weight sword, which is connected to a cable and positioned between the vertical rods.

Furthermore, the weight sword may comprise a shaft with axially spaced openings and a plate with through holes which can guide the vertical rods of the exercise machine. The weight sword's design, featuring a shaft with axially spaced openings, allows for easy adjustment of the weight selection. The axially spaced openings are designed to accommodate a pin that couples the selected weights of the weight stack to the weight sword. The weight sword's plate with through holes that guide the rod tubes ensures smooth operation, as the weight sword is always properly aligned and can effectively engage with the weight stack, leading to a stable and secure lifting.

Additionally, a cable refers in the application to a strong, flexible wire or rope used to transmit force and provide resistance during workouts. These cables are typically made of durable materials like steel or high-tensile synthetic fibres. They are designed to withstand significant tension while connecting various components of exercise equipment or hybrid resistance generation systems, allowing for smooth and controlled movement.

As the hybrid resistance generation system comprises a physical and an electromechanical resistance source, it refers to a hybrid system. In addition, since the hybrid resistance generation system may include a housing with at least two chambers, it can alternatively be described as a chamber system. This chamber system is particularly characterized by its ability to connect the resistance sources (physical and electromechanical) in series and place the individual components in separate chambers.

Since the resistance sources are connected in series, a (total) resulting resistance source is generated, which is achieved by the sum of both resistances. Each of these resistances can be individually adjusted.

By placing individual components of the hybrid resistance generation system in separate chambers, the system allows for the physical separation of components. Depending on the components, this can prevent electromagnetic interference or thermal cross-talk or interactions between these components, thereby improving the overall performance of the system. Accommodating each component in a separate chamber also allows for targeted maintenance or replacement of individual components without disturbing the others, thus improving serviceability or mechanically restricting the user access to the chamber with the electrical motor due to safety reasons. The chambered design can be tailored to the specific needs of each component, such as optimized airflow for cooling the electromechanical resistance module, ensuring that each component operates within its ideal environmental conditions.

Generally, a housing may refer to a structural component or enclosure that surrounds, protects, and supports internal parts of a mechanical, electrical, or electronic system. It typically serves to shield sensitive components from environmental influences such as dust, moisture, vibration, or mechanical impact. In addition to providing protection, the housing offers structural support and serves as a mounting base for internal elements. It may include features that allow for mechanical connections, airflow, cable routing, or access points for maintenance. Furthermore, the housing may ensure user safety by preventing accidental contact with moving or electrically active parts.

The housing of the hybrid resistance generation system may comprise at least two chambers. These chambers may be individually tailored to the components of the hybrid resistance generating system as described above. For example, the chambers may be of different sizes and shapes. However, the housing need not consist solely of chambers; it may also include solid portions, for example to ensure that the housing has sufficient weight and remains stable. The housing can be made of metal, such as steel, stainless steel or aluminium, fibre reinforced plastic, or plastic.

Additionally, the housing may have openings that, for example, make the components enclosed by the housing visible. For instance, the weight stack may be visible through the openings so that a user can observe the movement of the individual weights. Some openings may also be closable by doors, allowing components to be replaced, serviced or repaired without having to remove the entire housing.

A chamber may be designed to be separated from other chambers by a partition or wall, which can either be integrated into the structure of the housing or added as a separate component. This partition ensures that each chamber forms a fully enclosed space, protecting the components inside from external influences. The chambers may differ in temperature, air pressure, or protective measures, depending on the specific needs of the housed components.

Additionally, the chamber's shape can vary according to the specific requirements of the components, and it may be equipped with seals to prevent the intrusion of foreign substances.

In an example embodiment, a second cable interconnects the electromechanical resistance module and the weight sword. This configuration connects the electromechanical resistance module as a second resistance source in series with the weight stack as a first resistance source.

In this context, the weight stack, in particular the weight sword, is coupled with a first cable, and when this cable is pulled, it generates resistance through the weight stack's gravitational force. The resistance can be increased by adding more weight plates to the weight sword. As tension is applied to the first cable, it exerts a pulling force on the second cable, which is connected to the weight sword The second cable, in turn, opposes the force applied by the electromechanical module. Consequently, a user pulling on the first cable via the weight stack will also pull on the second cable connected to the electromechanical module, effectively engaging both resistance sources in series.

The second cable may be coupled to a first end of the weight sword, while the first cable may be coupled to a second end of the weight sword, the first and second ends being located on opposite sides of the weight sword with respect to its longitudinal axis. The first end of the weight sword may be oriented toward the electromechanical resistance module and may serve to receive and transmit the resistance force generated by the motor via the second cable. The second end of the weight sword may face toward the user side or the exercise handle and may function as the output interface for applying the resulting combined resistance to the user through the first cable. The arrangement of the first and second ends on opposite sides of the weight sword ensures that the resistive forces from both the mechanical and electromechanical resistance sources can act in series on the weight sword in a balanced and controlled manner.

In particular, the term “end” may refer to the respective shaft end of the weight sword. For instance, this may correspond to the uppermost or lowermost 0 mm to 100 mm of the shaft length, depending on the total length and the specific configuration of the mechanical interface. By way of example, in a weight sword with a total shaft length of 600 mm, the “end” may be defined as the terminal 50 mm at either extremity, which are typically used to accommodate mechanical couplings, interface elements, or cable attachments.

A plate may be arranged at the upper end (second end) of the shaft, allowing the first cable to be directly attached to the plate. For example, the longitudinal axis of the weight sword may extend over a length of approximately 300 to 800 mm, with the shaft diameter ranging between 20 and 50 mm, depending on the required strength and stiffness. The first end may include a mechanical interface-such as a threaded bore, a clevis coupling, a flange mount or an adapter connection-configured to receive tensile forces transmitted by the second cable from the electromechanical resistance module. The upper end (second end) may carry a rectangular or circular plate element, for instance measuring 60 mm×40 mm and 5 mm thick, made of stainless steel or aluminum, to which the first cable can be attached.

In certain exemplary embodiments, the weight sword comprises no more than two cable engagement points, such that it is coupled only to two separate cable ends, and not to more than two cables or to both ends of a single cable.

By having the second cable continuously attached to the weight sword, the electromechanical resistance module remains in an “always on” mode. This means that the electromechanical resistance module may be always supplied with power and remain continuously activated to retract the second cable after it has been extended, even when the electromechanical resistance module is not applying any resistance during an exercise. The hybrid resistance generation system may be specifically designed so that both cables can always be pulled in series by the user. If the user chooses mode of pulling only physical weight, i.e. the weights of the weight stack, the electromechanical module provides almost zero resistance, just enough to pull the second cable in.

In this regard, there is no need for the user to switch between resistance sources manually. The user can start a workout with physical weights, i.e. the weight stack, and switch to a hybrid resistance workout by using a simple voice command or by pressing a control element, for example, by using just one finger, such as a button or rotating adjustment rings on the user interface. The electromechanical resistance module may be always connected to grid power for on-demand power and can be connected to the user's smartphone via Bluetooth or Wi-Fi.

To ensure continuous operation, a power source is provided to supply voltage to the electromechanical resistance module. This can be achieved through various means. The proposed hybrid generation system or the electromechanical resistance module may include a battery and/or a solar panel, or may have a connection that allows it to be plugged into the power grid.

The inclusion of a second cable as a connection between the weight stack (as the first resistance source) and the electromechanical resistance module (as the second resistance source) creates a stable connection that allows for direct and immediate force transmission. The system is also flexible, allowing the weight stack and the electromechanical resistance module to be positioned relative to each other as needed, with pulleys used to guide the cables within the housing.

The hybrid resistance generation system may comprise at least one pulley which guides the second cable to the weight sword of the weight stack. This design results in a smooth coupling between the weight sword and the electromechanical resistance module. Additionally, the pulley helps to manage the load on the second cable, which contributes to increased durability and a longer lifespan for the system. The pulley can be attached to the housing or a frame of the housing.

A pulley may be a wheel mounted on an axle or shaft, designed to facilitate the movement and change the direction of a cable, rope or belt. It may feature a groove or channel that keeps the cable securely in place. Typically, it includes bearings to ensure smooth operation and is constructed from durable materials such as metal or high-strength plastic. The pulley is usually mounted on robust brackets that attach to a system or machine. Some pulleys have an adjustment mechanism to alter the height or angle, and include safety features such as guards to prevent cable slippage and protect users. The wheel and groove have a smooth finish to minimize wear on the cable, and the entire assembly may be rated for a specific load capacity to ensure safe and effective operation.

In some embodiments, two pulleys guide the second cable from the electromechanical resistance module to the second end of the weight sword of the weight stack. In this respect the two pulleys may be arranged such that the pulleys and/or the second cable are always located below the second end of the weight sword, relative to the ground, irrespective of any upward movement, downward movement, or stationary position of the weight sword.

The two pulleys may each be rotatably mounted on respective shafts or support arms, which in turn are fixed to the frame of the exercise machine or to a guiding structure associated with the weight stack or the housing of the hybrid resistance generation system. The pulleys may be arranged such that the cable path between the electromechanical resistance module and the weight sword maintains a downward-oriented segment regardless of the current vertical position of the weight sword.

The term “below the second end of the weight sword” can be understood in a spatial sense, referring to the relative positioning of the pulleys and the cable path with respect to the gravitational direction. Specifically, even when the weight sword is in a lowered or raised position, the pulleys remain at a position that is vertically beneath the cable attachment point at the second end of the weight sword. This ensures that the section of cable between the last pulley and the weight sword always extends upward from the pulley to the cable connection point, and does not sag, invert, or cross above the sword.

This arrangement yields several technical advantages. First, it minimizes the risk of cable misalignment, entanglement, or contact with other moving components such as weight plates, guide rods, or frame elements. Second, by maintaining a consistent directional geometry of the cable, the force transmission from the electromechanical resistance module to the weight sword remains stable, predictable, and free from angular deviations, which contributes to higher mechanical efficiency and precise resistance control. Furthermore, the defined pulley layout enables compact integration within the vertical structure of the machine and supports modular assembly.

In a further example embodiment, the weight stack is located in a first chamber and the electromechanical resistance module is located in a second chamber. Locating the weight stack and the electromechanical resistance module in separate chambers can reduce interference between the two components. For example, the chamber housing the weight stack can be designed to effectively absorb vibrations, preventing any impact on the electromechanical resistance module and its sensitive electronics.

Further, the division of chambers can be tailored to meet the specific requirements of the weight stack or the electromechanical resistance module, resulting in an overall constructive advantage. For instance, the chamber containing the electromechanical resistance module can be cooled independently. This means that only a relatively small chamber needs to be cooled, rather than the entire housing, reducing the cooling power and energy required by the system.

It is apparent that the weight sword may also be housed within the same chamber as the weight stack and can be considered part of it. It is possible for a portion of the weight stack and the weight sword to remain in an initial position within the chamber. However, when the weight sword is pulled out, it may leave the chamber, along with the weight plates of the weight stack that are connected to the weight sword.

An electromechanical resistance module may refer to a device that provides adjustable resistance during workouts using electrical and mechanical components. This module can precisely control the level of resistance through electronic means, offering dynamic and customizable workout experiences. Examples include motorized systems or flywheels that use electromagnetic braking to adjust resistance.

The electromechanical resistance module may comprise an electric motor with a winch on which the second cable can be wound and unwound. The integration of an electric motor with a winch for winding and unwinding the second cable enhances the precision and reliability of the resistance adjustments, allowing for smooth transitions and consistent resistance levels during operation. The use of an electric motor provides the advantage of automated control over the resistance levels, which can be programmatically adjusted to suit various exercise regimes, thereby offering a tailored workout experience to the user. The winch mechanism allows for compact storage of the second cable when not in use. The electric motor can be a servo motor, a DC motor, and/or a brushless DC motor, ensuring high accuracy and control over the cable movements, allowing for precise adjustments and maintaining consistent tension throughout the exercise.

A winch, in the context of the electromechanical resistance module, may refer to a rotatable drum or spool specifically configured to wind and unwind the second cable in a controlled manner. A winch generally operates between two defined states: a wound state and an unwound state. The wound state refers to a configuration in which the second cable is coiled around the drum with at least one complete loop or turn. The unwound state, in contrast, corresponds to the release of the cable from the drum, reducing the number of windings and extending the cable length available for resistance application.

The winch may have a first end of the second cable fixed or anchored to the winch or drum or spool of the winch (referred to as the anchored end), while the opposite end of the cable (referred to as the loose end) extends outward from the winch and is configured to transmit force during operation. The anchored end ensures reliable torque transfer from the winch to the cable, whereas the loose end allows controlled interaction with other system components, such as the weight sword or user interface, depending on the direction and extent of cable movement.

A brushless outrunner motor for the electromechanical resistance module can be provided. This motor has the advantage of operating without a gearbox, simplifying the design of the electromechanical resistance module and making it particularly efficient. In this configuration, the electric motor can be directly connected to the winch.

Alternatively, other embodiments are also possible, where a gearbox may be interposed between the electric motor and the winch, providing additional mechanical advantage and control over the cable movements.

Moreover, the electromechanical resistance module can, for example, comprise an electric servo motor, each with a power range between 500 W and 1000 W, along with a servo driver, a controller board, ground connection cables, and Bluetooth communication chips. Other configurations are also possible, where an electric servo motor with a power range of 50 W to 4000 W is used, or within a range of 250 W to 1200 W. The servo motors are not limited to these ranges.

In a further example embodiment, the weight stack is located in a first chamber and the electric motor is located in a second chamber and the winch is located in a third chamber. This allows for easier maintenance and repair, as each component can be accessed individually without disturbing the others.

The second chamber and/or the third chamber can be located below the first chamber. In this way, the weight sword can be positioned above the winch, enabling the second cable to be routed from below to the lower end of the weight sword, thus facilitating a simple and direct coupling between the winch and the weight sword. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that an opening may be provided in the ground or floor of the first chamber through which the second cable and/or the weight sword can pass to reach the lower third chamber.

Further, the electromechanical resistance module may comprise a control unit with a data processing unit for controlling the second resistance source and a communication unit for data communication. The inclusion of a control unit with a data processing unit, especially in combination with sensor measuring conventional iron-weights moved and electrical resistance provided, enables the hybrid resistance generation system to offer dynamic resistance adjustments based on real-time feedback. This can enhance the effectiveness of workouts by automatically adapting resistance to the user's performance. The communication unit allows for data exchange with external devices or networks, providing opportunities for remote monitoring, software updates, and integration with fitness tracking systems. The control unit's ability to manage the second resistance source, in particular the electromechanical resistance module, ensures a seamless and user-friendly experience, as it can automatically calibrate resistance levels in response to programmed workout routines or user preferences.

In a further example embodiment, the hybrid resistance generation system may comprise a sensor system configured to acquire the resistance of the first resistance source and/or the second resistance source and/or the resulting resistance source and/or the movement of the weight stack and/or weight sword and/or the movement of the first cable.

The sensor system may comprise at least one sensor, a battery and a communication unit. Furthermore, the sensor system can comprise a data processing unit, a memory and/or a housing which accommodates all components.

The sensor system provides real-time feedback and enhanced precision, ensuring consistent resistance for effective workouts. It enables personalized workout programs tailored to individual needs and goals, while also improving safety by monitoring force and movement to prevent injuries. Users can track their progress and performance, and the control unit of the electromechanical resistance module can automate adjustments for an optimized exercise experience. This system increases engagement and motivation through real-time data, making workouts more efficient and integrating seamlessly with fitness apps for comprehensive tracking and goal setting.

For example, the signals or acquired data from the sensor system can be combined, analyzed, cloud-stored and displayed to the user through a software application running on an external device such as a smartphone or tablet. The software application can also be configured to control the main settings of the electromechanical resistance module, including setting the resistance, switching between kg/lbs settings and providing the user with pre-defined exercise programs.

The electromechanical resistance module and/or the sensor system and/or the user interface of the exercise machine may be in data communication with an external device having a data processing unit and a communication unit. The sensor system may comprise means for providing acquired data to the external device. The user interface may comprise means for providing an input signal to the external device.

In a further example embodiment, the sensor system may comprise a laser device. The laser device can be positioned either below the lowermost weight plate of the weight stack or above the plate of the weight sword and is directed to a pin of the weight stack. The laser device may be configured to emit one laser beam towards the pin and, by analyzing the reflection of the laser beam, calculating distance moved and repetitions completed on the weight stack. This information can be important to the functionality of the hybrid weight system, since it can automatically and dynamically adjust the electrical motor resistance based on the information how much physical weight the user has selected and the users performance during a particular exercise.

The laser device may be a distance, range, or proximity measuring device. It specifically measures the distance between the laser emission point on the laser device and the pin of the weight stack when the laser device is directed to the pin. The pin may have a highly reflective surface, ensuring that the reflections return to the laser device without interference. The laser device may be equipped with a sensor, such as a photodiode, to analyze the reflected beams effectively.

The laser device can be aligned so that it is positioned in a distance centrally either below or above the pin. The pin may comprise a shaft and a pin head. The laser beam is particularly directed at the pin head, while the pin shaft is inserted into the weight stack and couples the individual weight plates or weight blocks to the weight sword. The laser beam may be radiates or is directed in a substantially vertical direction onto the pin head, either from below or from above. Each plate of the weight stack has a predefined distance from the laser device, allowing the laser device to detect which weight plates are coupled with the weight sword and how much weight the user is lifting. Additionally, the laser device can detect the progress of a repetition and the completion of the repetition by monitoring the continuous changes in distance.

It is apparent for the skilled person that the laser device may have its own control unit, equipped with a data processing unit, a memory, and/or communication unit, which can be in data communication with the control unit of the electromechanical resistance module or an external device.

In an alternative embodiment, the sensor system comprises a load cell, a three-axis accelerometer, a battery, a communication unit, and/or a data processing unit, wherein the load cell interconnects the first cable which is coupled to a user interface of the exercise machine with the weight sword of the weight stack. In particular, the load cell may be connected to an end of the first cable and directly fixed to the weight sword.

In some example embodiments, the winch may be coupled to a rotary encoder configured to detect the angular position or rotational speed of the drum. A control unit may be configured to monitor the encoder signal in order to determine the cable tension or displacement during operation.

In this regard, the load cell converts force into an electrical signal by measuring weight through the deformation or strain in a material when a load is applied. It may be connected to the top of a weight sword. The three-axis accelerometer, which can be attached to the back of the load cell, measures acceleration and the distance a weight is moved along three perpendicular axes (X, Y, and Z). Such three-axis accelerometer are for example commonly used in smartphones to detect movement and direction. The rechargeable battery can also be located on the back of the load cell and powers the sensor system.

Moreover, an external device may be configured to process the provided data of the sensor system and/or the provided input data of a user interface and/or to transmit control commands to the electromechanical resistance module. The integration of an electromechanical resistance module and a sensor system in data communication with an external device enhances the interactivity and personalization of the workout experience, as it allows for real-time tracking and adjustment of exercise parameters based on user performance. The ability of the external device to process sensor data and user inputs, and to transmit control commands to the electromechanical resistance module, enables the implementation of advanced training programs and routines that can dynamically adapt to the user's needs and progress.

The external device can be a smartphone, tablet, smartwatch, computer, or any other device with data processing and communication capabilities (without being limited to these options).

The system's design facilitates seamless integration with existing technology ecosystems, such as smartphones or computers, allowing users to leverage their devices for additional functionalities like workout logging, social sharing, or accessing a broader range of digital fitness services.

In a further example embodiment, the hybrid resistance generation system may comprise at least one display which can display data processed by the control unit of the electromechanical resistance module and/or a control unit of the sensor system. The display can be designed as a LCD display and located on the side wall or front face of the housing of the hybrid resistance generation system so that the LCD display is visible for the user during exercise. The display can display data processed by the control unit of the sensor system, the external device or the electromechanical resistance module, such as weight measurements in KG or LBS, offering users real-time feedback and interaction with the hybrid resistance generation system. The display can also be a smartphone, which is magnetically attached to the housing and wirelessly charged with a wireless charger holder.

The hybrid resistance generation system may further comprise an adapter that allows the second cable to be detachably connected to the weight sword without the use of tools.

For example, the adapter may include in a simple embodiment a hook, clevis, snap-in pin, bayonet fitting, or other form-fitting mechanism that enables secure but reversible engagement with minimal manual effort. The connection may be realized by axial insertion and rotation, snap-locking engagement, or a spring-loaded latching mechanism, allowing the user or technician to connect or disconnect the cable without the use of hand tools such as wrenches or screwdrivers.

In another general example, the second cable may terminate in a fitting such as a ball end, loop, or ring, which can be introduced into a receiving contour of the adapter. Upon insertion, the adapter automatically locks the cable end into place, ensuring that tensile forces during exercise are reliably transferred to the weight sword. To disengage the connection, the adapter may feature an actuation element such as a press-button, slide ring, or tab, which releases the lock and allows the cable end to be removed.

The tool-free detachable interface offers several advantages. It enables quick reconfiguration of the hybrid resistance system-for instance, when switching between different exercise modules, replacing components, opting to train without the hybrid system using only conventional weights, or adapting the setup to different users. It also simplifies maintenance and/or transportation, as the electromechanical resistance module can be disconnected from the weight sword within seconds without the need to disassemble larger parts of the machine. Furthermore, the absence of tools reduces the risk of user error and enhances safety, as there is no potential for improperly fastened bolts or missing hardware components to compromise the cable connection. Overall, the integration of a tool-free adapter for detachably connecting the second cable to the weight sword increases modularity, ease of use, and system flexibility within the hybrid resistance generation system.

The adapter may be configured to detachably connect the second cable to the weight sword via a form-fit and/or force-fit connection. Configuring the adapter to detachably connect the second cable to the weight sword via a form-fit and/or force-fit connection provides a secure yet tool-free mechanism for assembling or disassembling the electromechanical resistance module. It also facilitates maintenance and transport operations, while ensuring reliable force transmission during exercise without the risk of accidental disconnection.

For the purposes of this application, a form-fit connection may refer to a mechanical connection in which the second cable is secured to the weight sword through a geometrically matching interface. Such a connection typically relies on interlocking shapes, such as bayonet mounts, snap-in features, or groove-and-pin structures.

A force-fit connection (also known as interference fit or friction fit) may refer to a connection that relies on the frictional force generated by pressing or clamping two components together. Examples include clamping sleeves, set screws, or spring-loaded locking mechanisms that retain the cable under tension.

The adapter can be divided into sections with different functions, wherein a first section or portion may be configured as a sleeve that receives the second cable and may secure it by means of a clamping connection. A second section or portion of the adapter may be configured to establish a detachable connection between the adapter and the weight sword.

The term first section may refer to a structural portion of the adapter that is configured to receive and secure the second cable. It may be formed as a sleeve or hollow cylindrical body having an axial through-hole through which the second cable can be inserted. The primary function of the first section is to establish a force-transmitting connection between the second cable and the adapter, enabling reliable load transfer during operation of the hybrid resistance system.

To achieve this, the first section may be designed to fix the second cable by means of a clamping connection. This may be realized, for example, by a threaded bore arranged in a side wall of the sleeve, into which a set screw is inserted. When tightened, the set screw presses radially against the cable, creating a secure frictional hold. Alternatively, the clamping connection may be formed by a collet structure, a press-fit interface, or an integrated tapered insert that wedges the cable in place. In all cases, the clamping mechanism ensures that the cable is held firmly during tensile loading but can be released or reinserted without the use of specialized tools.

In a further example, the clamping connection is established by three screws that are screwed into corresponding threaded bores in the side wall of the sleeve, thereby pressing against and securing the second cable within the sleeve.

The first section may further include features to reduce mechanical wear on the cable, such as an internal guide sleeve or low-friction bushing. It may also be dimensioned and shaped to prevent rotational displacement of the cable relative to the adapter body, thereby ensuring proper force alignment. The geometry of the first section may be adapted to match the cable diameter and may include an external grip surface or reinforcement for ease of handling. The material of the first section may be selected from metal, such as aluminum or stainless steel, or from high-strength polymeric or fiber-reinforced composite materials to ensure durability and lightweight construction.

The term sleeve, as used in the context of the present invention, may refer to a generally tubular or cylindrical component that defines a longitudinal opening along its central axis. The sleeve is configured to receive an elongate element—in particular, the second cable—and to guide, support, or secure it within the adapter body. The sleeve may form part of the first section of the adapter and serves as the primary interface for engaging the cable by means of a clamping or locking mechanism.

The sleeve may be formed integrally with the adapter or provided as a separate component fixed therein. It may include internal structural features such as a guide bushing, friction lining, or conical seat to enhance alignment, reduce wear, and improve the reliability of force transmission between the cable and the adapter. The sleeve may also comprise external geometrical features, such as flats, knurls, or recesses, that facilitate manual handling or integration into adjacent components.

Depending on the embodiment, the sleeve may be open-ended or closed at one side, and may be dimensioned to allow for either a press-fit, sliding-fit, or loose-fit reception of the cable. In configurations involving a clamping connection, the sleeve may include at least one threaded bore into which a set screw or equivalent fastener can be inserted to apply radial pressure to the cable. The sleeve may be manufactured from a rigid, durable material such as aluminum, stainless steel, or a high-performance polymer, selected to ensure structural stability under cyclic tensile loading.

In other words, the sleeve of the first section may comprise an axial opening for receiving the second cable, and wherein the opening includes an integrated cable guide or bushing configured to reduce friction and wear during movement of the second cable.

The term second section may refer to a portion of the adapter that is configured to establish a detachable mechanical connection between the adapter and the weight sword. While the first section secures the second cable, the second section interfaces with the weight sword in a manner that allows for rapid assembly and disassembly, preferably without the use of tools. The design of the second section is optimized to ensure both secure force transmission and ease of handling during setup, adjustment, or maintenance.

The connection established by the second section may be based on form-fit principles, force-fit principles, or a combination thereof.

In one embodiment, the second section may be configured as a quick-release coupling comprising an automatic locking mechanism and a manually actuated release element. For example, the second section may include an outer sleeve that is axially displaceable relative to a fixed core, wherein locking elements such as detent balls engage a corresponding groove on the weight sword. Retraction of the outer sleeve disengages the lock, enabling tool-free separation. The design ensures that tensile forces acting on the second cable cannot unintentionally release the connection.

The outer sleeve may be biased into a locking position by a spring element disposed between the outer sleeve and the fixed core. In this configuration, the spring ensures that the outer sleeve is automatically held in its forward (locking) position, in which the detent balls are constrained radially inward and securely engage the groove of the weight sword. To release the connection, the outer sleeve can be manually pushed rearward against the spring force into an unlocking position, in which the detent balls are freed to move radially outward, thereby disengaging from the groove. This construction provides both secure retention during use and reliable tool-free detachment when desired.

The groove on the weight sword may be provided by a separate projection inserted into an axial bore at the first end of the weight sword, the projection being fixed in the bore by a press-fit, adhesive bond, or threaded connection.

Alternatively, the second section may comprise a rotatable locking nut mounted on a stationary adapter body, the nut being threaded onto a mating external thread provided on the weight sword. This configuration allows the user to secure or release the connection by rotating the nut while the remainder of the adapter remains rotationally fixed relative to the cable. Further variants may employ bayonet couplings, pin-and-slot mechanisms, or snap-in features with tactile locking indicators.

The second section may also include alignment features, detents, or stop elements that assist in precise positioning and prevent incorrect orientation during coupling. Materials used for the second section can be selected to withstand high tensile loads and repeated connection cycles, and may include high-strength metals such as stainless steel or aluminum alloys, as well as fiber-reinforced plastics. Additionally, the outer surface may be knurled or textured to provide a secure grip during manual operation.

In a further exemplary embodiment, the adapter may be configured to be detachably connected to the weight sword either via a bayonet coupling or via a pin connection.

In the case of a bayonet coupling, the adapter may be inserted onto a mating projection of the weight sword and then rotated into a locked position. In contrast, for a pin connection, a locking pin may be inserted through aligned openings in the adapter and the weight sword to secure the connection. Both configurations are designed to enable tool-free attachment and detachment and to withstand tensile forces acting on the second cable without unintentional release.

As used herein, the term “mating projection” may refer to a protruding structural element provided on the weight sword, which is configured to engage with a correspondingly shaped recess or coupling structure of the adapter. The correspondingly shaped recess or coupling structure of the adapter may be located at the second section of the adapter. The mating projection is adapted to guide and support the adapter during assembly and to enable a secure mechanical connection between the adapter and the weight sword. The mating projection may be integrally formed with the weight sword or may be configured as a separate component that is fastened to the weight sword, for example by means of screws or welding.

In an exemplary embodiment, the mating projection may comprise a substantially cylindrical or slightly tapered shaft portion extending from the lower end of the weight sword. The projection may include one or more axially oriented guide slots or bayonet tracks configured to receive corresponding lugs or pins of the adapter. Upon insertion of the adapter onto the mating projection in an axial direction, a relative rotational movement of the adapter causes the lugs to engage behind locking surfaces of the projection, thereby forming a bayonet-type connection. The mating projection may further comprise a stop surface and/or detent features to limit the rotational movement and to ensure tactile or audible feedback upon reaching the locked position.

The term “aligned openings in the adapter and the weight sword” may refer to a pair of corresponding through-holes or apertures formed respectively in the adapter and in the weight sword. These openings are positioned such that, when the adapter is mounted onto the weight sword in the intended coupling position, the openings are axially or transversely aligned with one another, thereby allowing a locking element-such as a pin, bolt, or spring-loaded latch-to be inserted through both components to secure the connection.

In one exemplary embodiment, the adapter may include a transverse bore extending through its coupling section (second section), while the weight sword includes a corresponding bore or recess positioned at a matching height. Upon assembly, these bores come into alignment, and a locking pin may be inserted to provide a form-fit (positive-fit) connection that resists axial displacement. The pin may be secured by a spring clip, a ball detent mechanism, or a threaded head to prevent unintended release.

The diameters and tolerances of the aligned openings and the locking pin may be dimensioned to enable tool-free insertion while ensuring sufficient retention force. The locking pin may also include a grip portion or pull ring to facilitate quick removal. This configuration is especially suited for applications where rotational locking (as used in bayonet couplings) is impractical or undesired, and it enables a simple, robust, and repeatable assembly of the adapter to the weight sword.

It is understood that the bores required for alignment with the weight sword are provided in the second section of the adapter. In a simple embodiment, the second section may be designed as a sleeve that is inserted into a corresponding protrusion or mating projection of the weight sword, with both components featuring the respective aligned bores. Alternatively, the weight sword may comprise a sleeve into which a protrusion or mating projection of the adapter's second section is inserted, wherein again both parts comprise matching bores to accommodate the locking pin.

In other words, in the case of a pin connection, the mating projection may alternatively be provided with a transverse through-opening or bore aligned with a corresponding opening in the adapter, allowing a locking pin to be inserted to secure the connection. In either configuration, the mating projection is dimensioned and arranged to transmit tensile forces acting on the second cable and to prevent unintended detachment of the adapter from the weight sword during operation.

The hybrid resistance generation system may further comprise a holding means configured to retain the adapter in a defined position relative to the winch, when it is detached from the weight sword, such that the adapter is prevented from falling to the ground.

In this regard, for instance, the housing or a frame of the hybrid resistance generation system may comprise a holding plate that is substantially aligned with the weight plates of the weight stack and is arranged below the lowermost weight plate. The holding plate may comprise a through-hole through which the second cable is guided, and wherein the adapter is dimensioned such that it cannot pass through the through-hole, thereby forming a mechanical stop that retains the adapter when it is detached from the weight sword.

The phrase “substantially aligned with the weight plates” may refer to a spatial arrangement in which the holding plate of the hybrid resistance generation system extends in a plane parallel to the horizontal planes defined by the main surfaces of the weight plates. This means that the holding plate shares the same orientation as the weight plates, with an angular deviation of, for example, less than 5°, or for example, less than 2°. The holding plate may be positioned below the lowermost weight plate, at a vertical distance of, for example, 5 mm to 500 mm, or for example 10 mm to 100 mm.

The adapter is dimensioned such that its outer geometry—particularly the outer diameter of its coupling section or retaining flange—exceeds the diameter of the through-hole in the holding plate. In particular, the maximum transverse dimension of the adapter may be at least 2 mm to 20 mm larger than the diameter of the through-hole, thereby ensuring that the adapter is mechanically retained by the plate when suspended by the second cable. This dimensional relationship provides a reliable form-fit stop, independent of friction or active locking elements, and ensures that the adapter cannot inadvertently fall through the plate opening, even under dynamic or vibration-loaded conditions.

The mechanical stop formed by the holding plate and the through-hole functions as a passive retention element that supports the adapter from below when it is no longer connected to the weight sword. Upon detachment, the adapter descends until its enlarged portion, such as a coupling flange or housing shoulder, comes into contact with the upper surface of the holding plate. This contact prevents further downward movement and thereby mechanically retains the adapter in a defined vertical position. The stop does not rely on additional fasteners, clamps, or user intervention, allowing for a tool-free and fail-safe parking position of the adapter when not in use. This arrangement also protects the adapter and surrounding components from impact damage and facilitates efficient reattachment.

The adapter can be made of a material selected from the group consisting of aluminum, stainless steel, reinforced polymer, and fiber-reinforced composite material.

Moreover, the adapter may comprise a locking indicator element, such as a colored marking, a detent notch, or a mechanical stop, which is configured to provide a visual or tactile indication of the correct locking position of the adapter relative to the weight sword.

The locking indicator element serves to assist the user in verifying whether the adapter has reached its intended locking position relative to the weight sword. For example, a colored marking on the adapter surface may become visibly aligned with a corresponding reference line on the weight sword only when the adapter is fully inserted and rotated into the correct position. Alternatively, a detent notch or recess may engage with a spring-loaded element, such as a ball or pin, to generate a tactile or audible feedback (“click”) upon proper locking. In some embodiments, the locking indicator may be integrated into a mechanical stop, which limits further rotation beyond the intended position and thus ensures defined coupling geometry. These features facilitate intuitive, repeatable, and error-resistant assembly, even under low-light or high-distraction conditions such as in gym environments.

The adapter may be rotationally symmetrical about a central axis, and may comprise a knurled or textured gripping surface on its outer circumference, configured to facilitate manual attachment and detachment without the use of tools.

For detaching the adapter from the weight sword, a method may be provided that enables a rapid and tool-free separation of components. The method may comprise manually releasing a locking element of the adapter without the use of tools, for example by actuating a spring-loaded latch, rotating a locking collar, or disengaging a bayonet mechanism. Once the locking element is released, the method may further comprise disengaging the adapter from a shaft portion or coupling structure of the weight sword, such as by pulling the adapter in an axial direction or rotating it counter to the locking direction. Finally, the method may comprise detaching the second cable from the adapter, thereby separating the electromechanical resistance module from the weight sword and placing the system in a decoupled state suitable for weight-only operation or maintenance. This sequence of steps ensures a safe, intuitive, and reversible disconnection of the hybrid resistance system.

In a further aspect, the application relates to an exercise machine. The exercise machine comprises a body, a hybrid resistance generation system according to any of the embodiments above, and at least one pulley which is attached to the body guiding the first cable to a user interface for applying a force against the resulting resistance source, wherein the user interface is attached to the first cable.

In an example embodiment, the exercise machine is designed as a power rack attachment, a stand-alone tower, a squat rack, a half rack, a power rack or a strength and smith machine. The design of the present exercise machine allows for easy integration in both home gyms and professional fitness centers, the utility of the space and investment by serving multiple purposes and supporting a wide range of exercises.

A power rack may be a large, cage-like structure with four vertical posts and horizontal bars at the top and bottom. It typically includes adjustable hooks and safety bars that can be moved to various heights. This equipment is highly versatile, allowing for a wide range of exercises beyond squats, such as bench presses, overhead presses, and deadlifts. Power racks are available in multiple sizes and variations, including half racks, wall racks, foldable racks, each, for example, with four or more posts.

A squat rack may be a simple form of a power rack. It comprises of two vertical posts or a single connected unit that supports a barbell at a fixed or adjustable height. Squat racks may also have lat-pulldowns or smith machines attached to them.

A strength machine is an exercise machine designed to assist users in performing resistance training exercises. These machines typically utilize weight stacks, hydraulic resistance, or other mechanisms to provide adjustable resistance. Strength machines guide the user's movements along a fixed path, which can help ensure proper form and reduce the risk of injury. They are commonly used in gyms, fitness centers, and home workout setups.

A smith machine may be a weight training apparatus integrated into a strength machine or power rack, consisting of a barbell fixed within steel rails, allowing it to move vertically in a guided path. It may be designed for performing movements like squats, bench presses, and shoulder presses. The barbell can be locked at various heights using safety catches.

A power tower may be a fitness equipment designed for bodyweight exercises that target the upper body and core. It typically includes stations for pull-ups, chin-ups, dips, push-ups, and vertical knee raises. The power tower's structure may consist of a free-standing frame with padded grips and back supports to facilitate these exercises.

In general, the user interface of the exercise machine allows a user to exert force against a resistance in order to exercise muscles. The user interface may take a variety of forms, including (but not limited to) a single handle, a long bar handle, a lat pull-down handle, a rope, etc.

Additionally, embodiments are also possible in which the user interface may comprise means for providing an input signal to the control unit of the electromechanical resistance module. The user interface's provision for input signals to the control unit allows users to easily customize their workout experience by selecting desired resistance levels, exercise durations, and other parameters, thereby improving user satisfaction and workout personalization. The means for providing input signals can include various user-friendly options such as buttons, rotational adjustment rings, touchscreens, or microphones for voice commands, which can enhance accessibility. By enabling direct user interaction with the control unit of the electromechanical resistance module, the user interface facilitates immediate adjustments to the workout, allowing users to quickly respond to their own comfort and performance levels, which can lead to more effective and enjoyable exercise sessions. The user interface may comprises a communication unit and a rechargeable battery which allows to transmit the input signals to the electromechanical resistance module. It can also comprise a memory or a data processing unit.

The user interface may be designed as a handle featuring a rotational adjustment ring and a haptic button that allows the user to increase, decrease, or stop the electromechanical resistance. Operated with only one finger, this technology can be seen as a One-Thumb control. Different sizes and shapes of handles may be available depending on the exercise.

The user can start their training using only physical weights and activate the electromechanical resistance from the electromechanical resistance module with a simple thumb rotation on the handle. The handle can be battery-powered, and the battery can be charged with a USB-C cable by plugging it directly into the electromechanical resistance module. The signal from the handle may be transferred wirelessly to the electromechanical resistance module.

In a further aspect the application relates to a method for adjusting a force to be applied by a user to the exercise machine according to the embodiment above.

The method can comprise the steps of applying a force against the resulting resistance source by the user interface, and/or of acquiring the movement of weights of the weight stack, in particular a speed and/or an acceleration of the movement by the sensor system, and/or of providing the acquired data of the sensor system to the control unit of the electromechanical resistance module, and/or of detecting by the control unit of a decrease in the speed and/or acceleration in relation to previously acquired data by the sensor system, and of adjusting the second resistance source by the control unit of the electromechanical resistance module.

This method can automatically respond to the user's condition using the captured sensor data and adjust the resistance of the electromechanical resistance module accordingly. For example, when the sensor system detects that the user is getting tired, indicated by slowing repetitions, it will decrease the electromechanical resistance. This enables the user to continue the workout without having to stop due to high weights or fatigue, a feature not possible with conventional exercise machine comprising iron weights.

Alternatively, the method can comprise the steps of applying a force against the resulting resistance source by the user interface, or of providing an input signal to the control unit by the user interface, and of adjusting the second resistance source by the control unit of the electromechanical resistance module. The ability to adjust resistance through user input during a workout by moving only one thumb provides high flexibility in the exercise regimen, allowing users to quickly switch between different training modes, such as warm-up, endurance or strength, without interrupting the users workout flow.

In another alternative the method can comprise the steps of providing an input signal to the control unit of the electromechanical resistance module which sets the control unit in an automatic training mode, of applying a force against the resulting resistance source by the user interface, causing the weights of the weight stack to be lifted, of reducing the force against the resulting resistance source causing the weights of the weight stack to be lowered, and of adjusting the second resistance source by the control unit.

The automatic training mode simplifies the user experience by allowing the exercise machine to adjust resistance levels autonomously based on predetermined algorithms, which can optimize workouts for efficiency and effectiveness without constant user interaction. The input signal may be provided by a user interface or an external device.

In another alternative the user may use the electromechanical resistance module to fine tune the physical weight, such as conventional iron weights. As an example, a user may choose 40 kg iron weights as a training weight and add an electrical resistance equivalent of 2 kg to arrive at a total weight of 42 kg, dominated by the haptic feedback of the iron weights and barely noticeable electrical resistance. This fine-tuning to 42 kg would not be possible with a conventional strength machine, since iron blocks are typically in 5 kg or 10 lbs blocks. This fine tuning is especially important to break so-called plateaus, where users need a gradual, incremental increase in small weights between 1 kg and 2 kg to reach new performance levels.

The skilled person will recognize that the advantages, technical effects and example embodiments discussed in connection with the hybrid resistance generation system and the exercise machine apply analogously to the method for adjusting a force to be applied by a user to the exercise machine. Likewise, all the advantages, technical effects and example embodiments described in connection with the method are transferable to the hybrid resistance generation system and the exercise machine.

Further examples of embodiments are explained in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The invention is not intended to be limited solely to these listed examples of embodiments. They merely serve to explain the invention in more detail. The present invention is intended to relate to all objects which the person skilled in the art would use now and, in the future, as obvious to realize the invention.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES

FIG. 1 shows an example embodiment of the hybrid resistance generation system in a perspective view.

FIG. 2 shows a cross section of an example embodiment of the hybrid resistance generation system with two chambers.

FIG. 3 shows a cross section of an example embodiment of the hybrid resistance generation system with four chambers.

FIG. 4 shows a schematic representation of an example embodiment of the hybrid resistance generation system using a laser device as a sensor system.

FIG. 5 shows a flowchart outlining a method for adjusting the force applied by a user to an exemplary exercise machine.

FIG. 6 shows a flowchart outlining another method for adjusting the force applied by a user to an exemplary exercise machine.

FIG. 7 shows a flowchart outlining another method for adjusting the force applied by a user to an exemplary exercise machine.

FIG. 8 shows an example embodiment of the exercise machine in a perspective view.

FIG. 9 shows a partial view of an example embodiment of the exercise machine, particularly two hybrid resistance generation systems.

FIG. 10 shows a partial view of an example embodiment of the exercise machine, particularly two hybrid resistance generation systems.

FIG. 11 shows a perspective view of an example embodiment of the weight sword in a coupled state with the second cable via an adapter.

FIG. 12 shows a front view of an example embodiment of the weight sword in a coupled state with the second cable via an adapter, along with a detailed view focusing on the adapter region.

FIG. 13 shows a side view of an example embodiment of the hybrid resistance generation system, wherein the weight sword is coupled to the second cable via an adapter, and further includes a detailed view highlighting the adapter region.

FIG. 14 shows a side view of the hybrid resistance generation system in a configuration similar to that of FIG. 13, but with the housing shown in a closed state, without a cutaway section revealing the internal components.

FIG. 15 shows a perspective view of the hybrid resistance generation system from below, in which at least one half of the housing is removed to fully expose the internal structure. All internal components and chambers of the system are visible in this view.

FIG. 16 shows a perspective view corresponding to the embodiment of FIG. 11, in a state in which the second cable is no longer connected to the weight sword, as the adapter has been detached.

FIG. 17 shows a front view corresponding to the embodiment of FIG. 12, in a state in which the second cable is no longer connected to the weight sword, due to removal of the adapter.

FIG. 18 shows a side view corresponding to the embodiment of FIG. 13, in a state in which the second cable is detached from the weight sword, and the adapter is no longer engaged.

FIG. 19 shows a perspective view corresponding to the embodiment of FIG. 15, with one half of the housing removed to expose the internal components, in a state in which the second cable is no longer connected to the weight sword.

FIG. 20 shows an external view (FIG. 20a) and a corresponding sectional view (FIG. 20b) of the adapter in a coupled state with the weight sword.

FIG. 21 shows an enlarged detail of the sectional area depicted in FIG. 20b, highlighting the coupling mechanism between the adapter and the weight sword in the connected state.

FIG. 22 shows a external view of the adapter in a decoupled state, where the second cable and adapter are disengaged from the weight sword.

FIG. 23 shows a external view of the adapter in a decoupled state, where the second cable and adapter are disengaged from the weight sword.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES

Some parts of the embodiments have similar or identical parts. The similar or identical parts may have the same names and/or reference number. The description of one part applies by reference to another similar part, where appropriate, thereby reducing repetition of text without limiting the disclosure.

FIG. 1 shows an example embodiment of the hybrid resistance generation system 63 in a perspective view. The hybrid resistance generating system 63 may be intended for use in an exercise machine 1.

The hybrid resistance generation system 63 comprises a sensor system 35, a weight stack 5, and an electromechanical resistance module 7. All of the components of the hybrid resistance generation system 63 are enclosed in a housing 64.

The hybrid resistance generation system 63 may be incorporated into an exercise machine 1 in such a way that the weight stack 5 is positioned between two rod tubes 53 of the exercise machine 1, so that individual weight plates of the weight stack 5 can be guided vertically when being lifted by a first cable 13. A user interface may be attached to the first cable 13 so that a force can be applied to the first cable 13 by a user. The housing 64 has an opening on the upper side, through which the two rod tubes 53 of the exercise machine 1 are inserted into the housing 64 so that the rod tubes 53 of the exercise machine 1 can interact with the weight stack 5.

The housing 64 has openings 70 which are provided, for example, for observing the individual components, such as the movement of the weight plates of the weight stack 5, during exercises. In addition, the openings 70 may be provided to provide an air inlet for cooling the electromechanical resistance module 7.

Moreover, the hybrid resistance generation system 63 can also include a display 67. The display may be an LCD display and may be located on the side wall or front of the housing 64 so that the LCD display is visible to the user during exercise. The display 67 can display data processed by the control unit of the sensor system 35, an external device or the electromechanical resistance module 7, such as weight measurements in KG or LBS of the weight stack 5, resistance measurements of the electromechanical resistance module 7 or the number of repetitions that a user has performed during an exercise.

FIG. 2 shows a cross section of an example embodiment of the hybrid resistance generation system 63 with two chambers 65. In this figure, the front side of housing 64 has been virtually removed so that the inside of housing 64 can be seen.

The weight stack 5 comprises a plurality of weights that can be coupled with a weight sword 43. The weight stack 5 provides a first resistance source, while the electromechanical resistance module 7 provides a second resistance source. Both resistance sources are connected in series, so that a resulting resistance source is applied to a first cable 13.

The first cable 13 is coupled to the weight sword 43, in particular to a plate 50 of the weight sword 43. The plate 50 of the weight sword 43 as well as all weight plates of the weight stack 5 have through holes 56 to guide the rod tubes 53 of the exercise machine 1.

Furthermore, the weight sword 43 also has a shaft 55 with axially spaced openings, which is connected to a second cable 14 at the end of the shaft 55. The shaft 55 serves, in particular, to couple the weight of the weight stack 5 to the weight sword 43 via the axially spaced openings by means of a pin 18 (not shown in FIG. 1, 2 or 3).

The second cable 14 is used to connect the electromechanical resistance module 7 and the weight sword 43, so that the resistance generated by the weight stack 5 is connected in series with the resistance generated by the electromechanical resistance module 7.

In this regard, the weight stack 5 is located in a first chamber 65 and the electromechanical resistance module 7 is located in a second chamber 65, wherein the second chamber 65 is located below the first chamber 65. Two pulleys 66 guide the second cable 14 to the weight sword 43 of the weight stack 5.

The electromechanical resistance module 7 comprises an electric motor 31 with a winch 33 on which the second cable 14 can be wound and unwound.

In addition, the sensor system 35 comprises a load cell 41. The load cell 41 is mounted directly on the plate 50 of the weight sword 43. The load cell 41 is connected to the end of a cable 13 which can be coupled to a user interface, such as a handle, of an exercise machine 1. The load cell 41 may be connected to the plate 50 of the weight sword 43 via screw connections, so that the load cell 41 is firmly anchored in the plate 50 and can measure the forces acting between the cable 13 and the plate 50.

FIG. 3 shows a cross section of an example embodiment of the hybrid resistance generation system 63 with four chambers. Similar to FIG. 2, the front of the housing 64 is (virtually) removed.

The housing 64 is in this embodiment divided into four chambers 64. In this context, the weight stack 5 is located in a first chamber 65. The components of the electromechanical resistance module 7 are separated into two further chambers 65. Thus, the electric motor 31 of the electromechanical resistance module 7 is located in a second chamber 65, while the winch 33 of the electromechanical resistance module 7 is located in a third chamber 65.

In a fourth chamber 65, upper left in the corner of the housing 64, a holder for a smartphone or the like is provided. The housing 64 can have an opening 70 at the front at the location of the fourth chamber 65, through which the smartphone is visible for a user from the outside when it is inserted in the fourth chamber 65.

FIG. 4 shows a further example embodiment of the hybrid resistance generation system 63. This embodiment is depicted in a schematic cross-sectional view, showing the hybrid resistance generation system 63 from a lateral perspective.

The hybrid resistance generation system 63 comprises a laser device 68, wherein the laser device 68 is positioned below a lowermost weight plate of the weight stack 5 and is directed to a pin 18 of the weight stack 5. For example, the laser device 68 can be located in a chamber 65 which is located below the chamber 65 of the weight stack 5.

The laser device 68 is configured to emit a laser beam 69 towards the pin 18 and to analyze the reflection of the laser beam 69 on the pin 18. The pin 18 comprises a shaft and a pin head. The laser beam 69 is particularly directed at the pin head, while the pin shaft is inserted into the weight stack 5 and couples the individual weight plates or weight blocks to the weight sword 43.

Each plate of the weight stack 5 has a predefined distance from the laser device 68 in an initial position (a). A control unit controlling the laser device 68 can assign a certain weight to the predefined distances. This makes it possible to determine how many weight plates are lifted.

For example, the third plate from the top of the weight stack 5 is at a distance x from the laser device 68 in an initial position (a). The laser device 68 knows from stored data that the pin 18 is inserted into the third weight plate of the weight stack 5 at the distance x. When it is lifted to a second position (b), three weight plates are lifted to a distance y. Since each weight plate weighs 5 kg and the weight sword 43 weighs 2 kg, the control unit can determine that the user is lifting 17 kg of physical weight.

When the lifted weight plates are returned from position (b) to position (a) or near position (a), the laser device can determine, based on the distance x, that a repetition has been completed. In this way, it can count the repetitions.

It is also hereby disclosed that the laser device 68 can be used with a conventional weight stack 5 independently and without the other components of the hybrid resistance generation system 63.

FIG. 5 is a flowchart illustrating a exemplary method 1000 for adjusting the force to be applied by a user to an exercise machine 1. At 1002, method 1000 includes applying a force against the resulting resistance source by the user interface. At 1004, it involves acquiring the movement of the weights of the weight stack 5, in particular the speed and/or acceleration of the movement, by the sensor system 35. At 1006, the method includes providing the acquired data from the sensor system 35 to the control unit 34 of the electromechanical resistance module 7. At 1008, the control unit 34 detects a decrease in speed and/or acceleration in relation to previously acquired data from the sensor system 35. At 1010, the control unit 34 adjusts the second resistance source.

Handling a high number of weights of the weight stack 5 can be risky. By splitting between weights of the weight stack 5 and electromechanical resistance module 7, digital safety measures can be implemented to gradually reduce or completely turn off electromechanical resistance module 7 in case of danger.

When the hybrid resistance generation system 63 detects that the user is getting tired, the sensor system 35 and/or the control unit 34 electromechanical resistance module 7 can notice the repetitions slowing down, by measuring slower three-axis accelerometer movements and longer fatigue breaks, and will decrease the electromechanical resistance.

For example, the user may select 40 kg of weights of the weight stack 5 and an electromechanical resistance equivalent to 20 kg. If the user feels fatigued during an exercise, the sensor system 35 and/or the control unit 34 will detect this by registering a slower push/pull of the weights of the weight stack 5, typically at the end of a set. The electromechanical resistance module 7 will then decrease the electromechanical resistance by 5 kg and subsequently by 1 kg with each subsequent repetition. This enables the user to continue the workout without having to stop due to high weights or fatigue, a feature not possible with conventional physical weights.

FIG. 6 shows a flowchart outlining a further exemplary method 1000 for adjusting the force applied by a user to an exemplary exercise machine 1. At 1002, the method 1000 includes applying a force against the resulting resistance source by the user interface. At 1003, it involves providing an input signal to the control unit 34 by the user interface. At 1010, the method 1000 includes adjusting the second resistance source by the control unit 34. This method 1000 allows the user to manually adjust and/or stop the resistance of the electromechanical resistance module 7 by the user interface. For this purpose, the user interface may include input means such as a rotary adjustment ring or a button.

FIG. 7 shows a flowchart outlining a further method 1000 for adjusting the force applied by a user to an exemplary exercise machine 1. At 1001, an input signal is provided to the control unit 34 of the electromechanical resistance module 7, setting the control unit 34 in an automatic training mode. At 1002, the user applies a force against the resulting resistance source via the user interface, causing the weights of the weight stack 5 to be lifted. At 1005, the user reduces the force against the resulting resistance source, causing the weights of the weight stack 5 to be lowered. At 1010, the control unit 34 adjusts the second resistance source.

A comparison of the method 1000 described with conventional training can demonstrate the advantages of the exemplary exercise machine 1.

For a lat-pulldown on a conventional power tower without the electromechanical resistance module 7, the user may start by selecting a warm-up weight, for example between 20 kg and 40 kg, depending on the user's strength and experience. After warming up, the user might perform three sets of the exercise using, for example, 60 kg of physical weight, with each set consisting of 12-15 repetitions.

During the workout, the user needs to stand up from the seated position every time they need to change the weight. This involves unhooking their thighs from under the thigh pads, stepping away from the bench, and adjusting the weights with the weight pin. The user then returns to the bench and secure their thighs under the pads again. In the final repetitions, as fatigue sets in, the user might struggle to complete the set. They could potentially perform 2-5 more repetitions and achieve maximum muscle tension if the weight could be reduced to 55 kg or 50 kg during the last few reps of the set. However, with a conventional weight system, this is not possible without interrupting the set for at least 10 seconds, including repositioning to manually change the weight.

As a result, the muscles do not perform optimally, and the time under tension is shorter than it could be if a gradual decrease in weights were possible. Additionally, constantly changing the weight every 2-3 repetitions becomes impractical and inefficient.

An exemplary exercise machine 1, designed as a lat-pulldown with the electromechanical resistance module 7 on a power tower, may start similarly to traditional machines, with the user choosing a warm-up weight between 20 kg and 40 kg. The user might then select their desired training program on the electromechanical resistance module 7, in this case, drop sets, either via voice control or manually on a software application of an external device.

With the electromechanical resistance module 7, changing weights of the weight stack 5 during a set may become unnecessary. The electromechanical resistance module 7 can for example increase the electromechanical resistance equivalent to a total of 70 kg at the beginning of the exercise and gradually reduce the weight as fatigue is detected, decreasing the resistance in 1 kg increments to ensure maximum time under tension for the muscle. The user can remain seated and does not need to interrupt the set for weight changes.

Most importantly, these electromechanical resistance adjustments might be made every 2-3 repetitions while maintaining a 40 kg physical weight base, ensuring perfect visual, auditory, and inertia feedback from the weights of the weight stack 5. Additionally, the user can manually adjust the electromechanical resistance at any time by simply turning the rotation adjustment on the user interface with one finger, if they prefer different weight settings than those automatically adjusted by the module.

Another example that falls under the described method 1000 is as follows: The user can set the weights of the weight stack 5 to 40 kg for a lat-pulldown. Depending on the program (automatic training mode) they choose (for example “normal mode” or “drop set mode”), the electromechanical resistance module 7 will increase the resistance equivalent by 1 kg with every pull the user makes. This allows a gradual increase in resistance with every pull, for example, from 40 kg gradually by 1 kg up to 55 kg, without the need to switch physical weights 5.

The electromechanical resistance module 7 can operate like a pyramid, gradually increasing and decreasing the resistance within one set.

A Max-Tension Mode is designed to maximize muscle tension and engagement throughout a single set. The user selects an initial heavy physical weight 5, for example, 50 kg. The electromechanical resistance module 7 can initially be set to zero. As the user begins the set, the electromechanical resistance module 7 gradually adds resistance with each repetition (pyramid up) by an equivalent of 2 kg. This increase continues until the total weight reaches the user's one-rep max (one repetition maximum), which in this example is 90 kg. The electromechanical resistance module 7 can save the peak one-rep max amounts, so it remembers past peak one-rep max weights and builds up the pyramid until reaching a new max level.

At the peak weight (90 kg), the user experiences maximum resistance for a brief period, fully engaging the muscles. After reaching the peak, the electromechanical resistance module 7 starts decreasing the weight by 2 kg with each subsequent repetition. This reduction continues until the weight returns to zero electromechanical resistance, leaving only the physical weight 5 of 50 kg. The gradual increase and decrease in weight target different muscle fibers, enhancing overall muscle development.

Another example covered by method 1000 is as follows: in the Variable-Resistance Mode with an electromechanical resistance module 7, the resistance changes non-linearly within a single repetition. Unlike gradual or linear progression, where the resistance increases or decreases at a constant rate, this mode involves unpredictable and dynamic adjustments to the resistance at different points of the movement.

At the beginning of the repetition, the user sets the weights of the weight stack 5 at a comfortable level, for example, 50 kg. As the single movement/repetition progresses, the electromechanical resistance module 7 detects the muscle's engagement and adjusts the resistance accordingly. During the midpoint of the repetition, the resistance can increase or decrease sharply. These changes can be programmed to vary in intensity and duration, creating a challenging environment for the muscles. Towards the end of the repetition, the resistance can either taper off or spike based on the preset program. This unpredictability ensures that the muscles are constantly adapting to the changing resistance. The non-linear changes in resistance force the muscles to respond to varying loads, leading to greater muscle activation. The unpredictable nature of the resistance changes helps prevent plateaus in training. Muscles must constantly adapt to new challenges, promoting continuous improvement and growth. By varying the load throughout the repetition, the stress on joints and tendons can be minimized, reducing the risk of overuse injuries common with constant or linear resistance training.

Repetition refers to the number of times a user performs a specific exercise movement consecutively in a set, while a set refers to a specific number of repetitions of a particular exercise performed consecutively without rest.

FIG. 8 shows an example embodiment of an exercise machine 1 in a perspective view. The exercise machine 1 is designed as a power rack, with a body 3 formed in particular by frame elements. The exercise machine 1 includes two hybrid resistance generation systems 63. These systems 63 are each positioned at the base of the body 3, between two rod tubes 53 of the exercise machine 1, which serve to guide the weight stacks 5 of the hybrid resistance generation systems 63. Each hybrid resistance generation system 63 is connected to a first cable 13.

Additionally, the exercise machine 1 features pulleys 19 attached to the body 3, which guide the first cables 13 to a user interface where the user can apply force against the resulting resistance. The user interface, which is attached to the first cable 13, is not shown in the figure.

FIG. 9 and FIG. 10 each show a partial view of an exemplary embodiment of the exercise machine 1, particularly the two hybrid resistance generation systems 63. Both figures represent detailed sections of FIG. 8, and thus reference is made to the descriptions provided for FIG. 8 for further context.

In particular, FIG. 10 shows a view where the housing 64 of one of the hybrid resistance systems 63 has been removed. This reveals the weight stack 5 and the electromechanical resistance module 7, which are separated by an intermediate level or wall.

FIG. 11 shows a perspective view of an exemplary embodiment of the weight sword 43 in a coupled state with the second cable 14 via an adapter 74. The weight sword 43 is designed as an elongated shaft 55 having axially spaced openings, which are configured to selectively engage with weights of a weight stack 5 (not shown in FIG. 11). For this purpose, a locking pin 18 (also not shown in FIG. 11) may be inserted through an opening of one of the weights of the weight stack 5 and simultaneously into one of the axial openings of the weight sword 43, thereby mechanically coupling the selected weight to the weight sword.

The second cable 14 is coupled to a first end 71 of the weight sword 43, while a first cable 13 (not visible in FIG. 11) is coupled to a second end 73 of the weight sword. The first and second ends 71, 73 are located on opposite sides of the weight sword 43 with respect to its longitudinal axis. The first cable 13 may be guided via a pulley 75, which is mounted at the upper end 73 of the weight sword 43, such that a tensile force can be applied to the weight sword 43 during exercise.

At the second end 73, the weight sword 43 may further comprise a plate 50, which includes two through-holes 56 that are configured to guide a rod tube 53 (not shown) of the exercise machine 1. The adapter 74 serves to detachably connect the second cable 14 to the weight sword 43 without the use of tools. In particular, the adapter 74 is configured to establish a detachable connection via a form-fit and/or force-fit coupling mechanism.

In this regard, the adapter 74 is divided into sections with different functions. A first section 77 is, for example, configured as a sleeve that receives the second cable 14 and secures it by means of a clamping connection. A second section 79 of the adapter is configured to establish a detachable mechanical connection with the shaft portion 55 of the weight sword 43. This modular configuration allows for quick attachment and detachment of the electromechanical resistance module depending on the desired training mode.

FIG. 12 shows a front view of an exemplary embodiment of the weight sword 43 in a coupled state with the second cable 14 via an adapter 74, along with a detailed view focusing on the adapter 74 region. To avoid repetition, reference is made to FIG. 11 with respect to components and features already described therein.

The adapter 74 comprises two functional sections, 77 and 79. The first section 77 is configured as a sleeve that receives the second cable 14 and secures it by means of a clamping connection. The second section 79 is configured to establish a detachable connection between the adapter 74 and the shaft 55 of the weight sword 43.

The clamping connection in the first section 77 is realized by three screws 81, each screwed into a threaded bore in the side wall of the sleeve. When tightened, the screws press radially against the second cable 14, thereby securing it within the sleeve in a force-fit manner.

FIG. 13 shows a side view of an example embodiment of the hybrid resistance generation system 63, wherein the weight sword 43 is coupled to the second cable 14 via an adapter 74, and further includes a detailed view highlighting the adapter 74 region.

The hybrid resistance generation system 63 comprises a weight stack 5 including a plurality of individual weight plates, which can be selectively coupled to the weight sword 43, thereby forming a first resistance source. In addition, the hybrid resistance generation system 63 includes an electromechanical resistance module 7, serving as a second resistance source. The electromechanical resistance module 7 comprises an electric motor 31 operatively connected to a winch 33, onto which the second cable 14 can be wound and unwound.

The first and second resistance sources are arranged in series, wherein the second cable 14 interconnects the electromechanical resistance module 7 with the weight sword 43, such that the resulting combined resistance is transmitted to a first cable 13 (not shown in FIG. 13) that is coupled to the upper end 73 of the weight sword 43. The first cable interacts with a pulley 75 mounted at the upper end 73, enabling tensile forces to be applied to the weight sword during operation.

The system 63 further comprises a housing 64 with internal compartments or chambers 65. In the view shown, the housing 64 is partially cut away to reveal the internal structure of the hybrid resistance generation system 63. Two pulleys 66 are provided below the lowermost weight of the weight stack 5, guiding the second cable 14 from the winch 33 to the weight sword 43.

In this context, a holding means is provided, configured to retain the adapter 74 in a defined position relative to the winch 33 when it is detached from the weight sword 43, such that the adapter 74 is prevented from falling to the ground. For this purpose, the housing 64 or frame of the hybrid resistance generation system 63 comprises a holding plate 83, which is substantially parallel to the weight plates of the weight stack 5 and arranged below the lowermost weight plate. The holding plate 83 includes a through-hole, through which the second cable 14 is guided. The adapter 74 is dimensioned such that it cannot pass through the through-hole, thereby forming a mechanical stop that retains the adapter when disconnected from the weight sword 43.

FIG. 14 shows a side view of the hybrid resistance generation system 63 in a configuration similar to that of FIG. 13, but with the housing 64 shown in a closed state, without a cutaway section revealing the internal components.

FIG. 15 shows a perspective view of the hybrid resistance generation system 63 from below, in which at least one half of the housing 64 is removed to fully expose the internal structure. All internal components and chambers 65 of the system 63 are visible in this view.

FIGS. 16 to 19 correspond in form and perspective to FIGS. 11, 12, 13, and 15, respectively. The difference is that, in FIGS. 16 to 19, the second cable 14 is no longer connected to the weight sword 43, as the adapter 74 has been detached.

FIGS. 20 to 23 illustrate the adapter 74 in detail. FIG. 20a shows an external view of the adapter 74, while FIG. 20b provides a corresponding sectional view. FIG. 21 presents an enlarged detail of the sectional area depicted in FIG. 20b.

FIGS. 20a, 20b, and 21 illustrate the coupled state, in which the adapter 74 is connected to the weight sword 43. In contrast, FIGS. 22 and 23 depict the decoupled condition, where the adapter 74, together with the second cable, is disengaged from the weight sword 43. Since the adapter has already been described in previous figures, reference is made to the corresponding earlier descriptions.

The second section 79 of the adapter 74 is configured as a quick-release coupling that comprises an automatic locking mechanism which engages when the adapter 74 is pushed onto a corresponding coupling structure of the weight sword 43. Additionally, the quick-release coupling includes a manually actuated release element that allows for tool-free disconnection of the adapter 74 only upon deliberate actuation, and which is secured against unintentional release caused by tensile forces acting on the second cable 14.

The quick-release coupling comprises an adapter core 85 connected to the sleeve 87 of the first section 77, and an outer sleeve 89 that surrounds the core 85 and is axially movable against a spring force. Locking balls 91 are held in place by the outer sleeve 89 and automatically engage a circumferential groove on the weight sword 43 upon connection. In order to release the connection, the outer sleeve 89 may be manually retracted against the spring force. This construction ensures that pulling on the second cable 14 does not result in unintentional disconnection of the coupling.

The circumferential groove on the weight sword 43 may be implemented in different ways. In one variant, the shaft 55 of the weight sword 43 includes a central axial bore at its first end 71, into which a projection 93 carrying the groove is inserted and fixed (e.g., by press-fit or threading). Alternatively, the groove or the entire projection 93 may be machined directly into the shaft 55, forming an integral part of the weight sword 43.

The quick-release coupling can also, in other words, be described as follows: The adapter 74 mechanism operates in analogy to quick couplings used for pressurized air hoses, but is specifically adapted for solid mechanical load transmission. On the side of the weight sword 43, the projection 93 comprises a metal pin with a threaded end and a mushroom-shaped head. This head is inserted into the spring-loaded quick-release coupling of the adapter 74, which contains a set of small locking balls 91 held in place by a sliding outer ring 89 (or sleeve 89).

When the ring 89 is pulled back, a spring is compressed and the balls 91 are released, allowing the mushroom-shaped head to enter a socket. When the ring 78 is then released, the spring pushes it forward again, causing the balls 91 to lock into a groove behind the mushroom head. This mechanism reliably prevents accidental disconnection under load.

The above embodiments in the application can also be described using the following Itemized lists.

The items of the first itemized list can be combined with one or more items of all other itemized lists in this document as well as with one or more features of the claims.

First Itemized List

• • 1. A hybrid resistance generation system 63 for an exercise machine, comprising:
    • a housing 64, for example, comprising at least two chambers 65;
    • a sensor system 35;
    • a weight stack 5 with a plurality of weights that can be coupled with a weight sword 43 providing a first resistance source;
    • an electromechanical resistance module 7 providing a second resistance source;
    • wherein the first resistance source and the second resistance source are connected in series, so that a resulting resistance source is applied to a first cable 13, which is, for example, coupled to the weight sword 43.
  • 2. The hybrid resistance generation system 63 according to item 1
    • characterized in that
    • a second cable 14 interconnects the electromechanical resistance module 7 and the weight sword 43.
  • 3. The hybrid resistance generation system 63 according to item 1 or item 2,
    • characterized in that
    • the weight stack 5 is located in a first chamber 65 and the electromechanical resistance module 7 is located in a second chamber 65.
  • 4. The hybrid resistance generation system 63 according to any of the preceding items,
    • characterized in that
    • the hybrid resistance generation system 63 further comprises at least one pulley 66 which guides the second cable 14 to the weight sword 43 of the weight stack 5.
  • 5. The hybrid resistance generation system 63 according to any of the preceding items,
    • characterized in that
    • the electromechanical resistance module 7 comprises an electric motor 31 with a winch 33 on which the second cable 14 can be wound and unwound.
  • 6. The hybrid resistance generation system 63 according to item 5,
    • characterized in that
    • electric motor 31 is designed as a brushless outrunner motor.
  • 7. The hybrid resistance generation system 63 according to item 5 or item 6,
    • characterized in that
    • the weight stack 5 is located in a first chamber 65 and the electric motor 31 is located in a second chamber 65 and the winch 33 is located in a third chamber 65.
  • 8. The hybrid resistance generation system 63 according to item 5 to item 7,
    • characterized in that
    • the second chamber 65 and/or the third chamber 65 are located below the first chamber 65.
  • 9. The hybrid resistance generation system 63 according to any of the preceding items
    • characterized in that
    • wherein the electromechanical resistance module 7 comprises a control unit 34 with a data processing unit for controlling the second resistance source and a communication unit for data communication.
  • 10. The hybrid resistance generation system 63 according to any of the preceding items
    • characterized in that
    • the sensor system 35 is configured to acquire the
      • resistance of the first resistance source and/or the second resistance source and/or the resulting resistance source and/or the movement of the weight stack 5 and/or weight sword 43 and/or the movement of the first cable 13.
  • 11. The hybrid resistance generation system 63 according to any of the preceding items,
    • characterized in that
    • the sensor system 35 comprises a laser device 68, wherein the laser device 68 is positioned either below a lowermost weight plate of the weight stack 5 or above a plate 50 of the weight sword 43 and is directed to a pin 18 of the weight stack 5, the laser device 68 being configured to emit a laser beam 69 towards the pin 18 and to analyze the reflection of the laser beam 69 on the pin 18.
  • 12. The hybrid resistance generation system 63 according to any of the preceding items,
    • characterized in that
    • the hybrid resistance generation system 63 comprises at least one display 67 which can display data processed by the control unit 34 of the electromechanically resistance module and/or a control unit of the sensor system 35.
  • 13. An exercise machine 1, comprising:
    • a. a body 3,
    • b. hybrid resistance generation system 63 according to any of the preceding items,
    • c. at least one pulley 19 which is attached to the body 13 guiding the first cable 13 to a user interface for applying a force against the resulting resistance source, wherein the user interface is attached to the first cable 13.
  • 14. The exercise machine 1 according to item 13,
    • characterized in that
    • the electromechanical resistance module 7 and the sensor system 35 is in data communication with an external device having a data processing unit and a communication unit,
      • wherein the sensor system 35 comprises means for providing acquired data to the external device 45, and/or
      • wherein the user interface 11 comprises means for providing an input signal to the external device 45, and/or
      • wherein the external device 45 is configured to process the provided data of the sensor system 35 and/or the provided input data of the user interface and/or to transmit control commands to the electromechanical resistance module 7.
  • 15. Method 1000 for adjusting a force to be applied by a user to an exercise machine according to item 14,
    • characterized in that
    • the method comprising the following steps:
      • i. applying a force against the resulting resistance source by the user interface 11,
      • ii. acquiring the movement of weights of the weight stack 5, in particular a speed and/or an acceleration of the movement, by the sensor system 35,
      • iii. providing the acquired data of the sensor system 35 to the control unit 34 of the electromechanical resistance module 7,
      • iv. detecting by the control unit 34 of a decrease in the speed and/or acceleration in relation to previously acquired data by the sensor system 35,
      • v. adjusting the second resistance source by the control unit 34.
        and/or
      • i. applying a force against the resulting resistance source by the user interface 11,
      • ii. providing an input signal to the control unit 34 by the user interface 11,
      • iii. adjusting the second resistance source by the control unit 34
        and/or
      • i. providing an input signal to the control unit 34 of the electromechanical resistance module 7 which sets the control unit 34 in an automatic training mode;
      • ii. applying a force against the resulting resistance source by the user interface 11, causing the weights of the weight stack 5 to be lifted,
      • iii. reducing the force against the resulting resistance source causing the weights of the weight stack 5 to be lowered,
      • iv. adjusting the second resistance source by the control unit 34.

The items of the second itemized list can be combined with one or more items of all other itemized lists in this document as well as with one or more features of the items.

Second Itemized List

• • 1. A hybrid resistance generation system 63 for an exercise machine, comprising:
    • a weight stack 5 with a plurality of weights that can be coupled with a weight sword 43 providing a first resistance source;
    • an electromechanical resistance module 7 providing a second resistance source, the electromechanical resistance module 7 comprising an electric motor 31 with a winch 33 on which a second cable 14 can be wound and unwound;
    • wherein the first resistance source and the second resistance source are connected in series, with the second cable 14 interconnecting the electromechanical resistance module 7 and the weight sword 43, so that a resulting resistance source is applied to a first cable 13, which is coupled to the weight sword 43;
    • wherein the second cable 14 is coupled to a first end of the weight sword 43 and the first cable is coupled to a second end of the weight sword 43, the first and second ends being located on opposite sides of the weight sword 43;
    • characterized in that
    • two pulleys 66 guide the second cable 14 from the electromechanical resistance module 7 to the second end of the weight sword 43 of the weight stack 5.
  • 2. The hybrid resistance generation system 63 according to item 1, wherein the two pulleys 66 are arranged such that the pulleys 66 and/or the second cable 14 are always located below the second end of the weight sword 43, relative to the ground, irrespective of any upward movement, downward movement, or stationary position of the weight sword 43.
  • 3. The hybrid resistance generation system 63 according to item 1 or item 2, wherein the hybrid resistance generation system 63 comprises a housing 64.
  • 4. The hybrid resistance generation system 63 according to item 3, wherein the housing 64 comprises at least two chambers 65.
  • 5. The hybrid resistance generation system 63 according to item 4, wherein the weight stack 5 is located in a first chamber 65 and the electromechanical resistance module 7 is located in a second chamber 65, wherein the second chamber 65 is located below the first chamber 65.
  • 6. The hybrid resistance generation system 63 according to item 4, wherein the weight stack 5 is located in a first chamber 65 and the electric motor 31 is located in a second chamber 65 and the winch 33 is located in a third chamber 65.
  • 7. The hybrid resistance generation system 63 according to any of the preceding items, wherein the electric motor 31 is designed as a brushless outrunner motor.
  • 8. The hybrid resistance generation system 63 according to any of the preceding items, wherein the electromechanical resistance module 7 comprises a control unit 34 with a data processing unit for controlling the second resistance source and a communication unit for data communication.
  • 9. The hybrid resistance generation system 63 according to any of the preceding items, wherein the hybrid resistance generation system 63 comprises a sensor system 35, the sensor system 35 being configured to acquire the
    • resistance of the first resistance source and/or the second resistance source and/or the resulting resistance source and/or the movement of the weight stack 5 and/or weight sword 43 and/or the movement of the first cable 13.
  • 10. The hybrid resistance generation system 63 according to item 9, wherein the sensor system 35 comprises a laser device 68, wherein the laser device 68 is positioned either below a lowermost weight plate of the weight stack 5 or above a plate 50 of the weight sword 43 and is directed to a pin 18 of the weight stack 5, the laser device 68 being configured to emit a laser beam 69 towards the pin 18 and to analyze the reflection of the laser beam 69 on the pin 18.
  • 11. The hybrid resistance generation system 63 according to any of the preceding items, wherein the hybrid resistance generation system 63 comprises at least one display 67 which can display data processed by the control unit 34 of the electromechanically resistance module and/or a control unit of the sensor system 35.
  • 12. The hybrid resistance generation system 63 according to any of the preceding items, wherein the hybrid resistance generation system 63 comprises an adapter 74 that allows the second cable 14 to be detachably connected to the weight sword 43 without the use of tools.
  • 13. An exercise machine 1, comprising:
    • a. a body 3,
    • b. hybrid resistance generation system 63 according to any of the preceding items,
    • c. at least one pulley 19 which is attached to the body 13 guiding the first cable 13 to a user interface 11 for applying a force against the resulting resistance source, wherein the user interface is attached to the first cable 13.
  • 14. The exercise machine 1 according to item 13, wherein the electromechanical resistance module 7 and the sensor system 35 is in data communication with an external device having a data processing unit and a communication unit,
    • wherein the sensor system 35 comprises means for providing acquired data to the external device 45, and/or
    • wherein the user interface 11 comprises means for providing an input signal to the external device 45, and/or
    • wherein the external device 45 is configured to process the provided data of the sensor system 35 and/or the provided input data of the user interface and/or to transmit control commands to the electromechanical resistance module 7.
  • 15. Method 1000 for adjusting a force to be applied by a user to an exercise machine according to item 14, the method 1000 comprising the following steps:
    • i. applying a force against the resulting resistance source by the user interface 11,
    • ii. acquiring the movement of weights of the weight stack 5, in particular a speed and/or an acceleration of the movement, by the sensor system 35,
    • iii. providing the acquired data of the sensor system 35 to the control unit 34 of the electromechanical resistance module 7,
    • iv. detecting by the control unit 34 of a decrease in the speed and/or acceleration in relation to previously acquired data by the sensor system 35,
    • v. adjusting the second resistance source by the control unit 34.
  • 16. Method 1000 for adjusting a force to be applied by a user to an exercise machine according to item 14, the method 1000 comprising the following steps:
    • i. applying a force against the resulting resistance source by the user interface 11,
    • ii. providing an input signal to the control unit 34 by the user interface 11,
    • iii. adjusting the second resistance source by the control unit 34
  • 17. Method 1000 for adjusting a force to be applied by a user to an exercise machine according to item 14, the method comprising the following steps:
    • i. providing an input signal to the control unit 34 of the electromechanical resistance module 7 which sets the control unit 34 in an automatic training mode;
    • ii. applying a force against the resulting resistance source by the user interface 11, causing the weights of the weight stack 5 to be lifted,
    • iii. reducing the force against the resulting resistance source causing the weights of the weight stack 5 to be lowered,
    • iv. adjusting the second resistance source by the control unit 34.

REFERENCE NUMERAL LIST

• • 1 exercise machine
  • 3 body
  • 5 physical weight|weight stack
  • 7 an electromechanical resistance module
  • 13 first cable
  • 14 second cable
  • 18 pin
  • 19 pulley
  • 31 electric motor
  • 33 winch
  • 34 control unit
  • 35 sensor system
  • 41 load cell
  • 42 a three-axis accelerometer
  • 43 weight sword
  • 44 battery
  • 50 plate
  • 53 rod tubes of the exercise machine
  • 55 shaft with axially spaced openings
  • 56 through hole to guide a rod tube of the exercise machine
  • 63 hybrid resistance generation system
  • 64 housing of the hybrid resistance generation system
  • 65 chamber within the housing
  • 66 pulleys of the chamber system
  • 67 display
  • 68 laser device
  • 69 laser beam
  • 70 opening in housing
  • 71 first end of weight sword
  • 73 second end of weight sword
  • 74 adapter
  • 75 pulley
  • 77 first section of adapter
  • 79 second section of adapter
  • 81 screw
  • 83 holding plate
  • 85 adapter core
  • 87 sleeve in first section of the adapter
  • 89 outer sleeve
  • 91 locking balls
  • 93 projection