MULTI-STAGE SHOCK ABSORBER FLOORING SYSTEM

Description

REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

This application claims the benefit of U.S. Provisional Application Ser. No. 63/681,811, filed on Aug. 10, 2024; the disclosure of which is incorporated herein by reference.

TECHNICAL FIELD

This disclosure is directed to a flooring system. More particularly, the disclosure is related to a shock absorbing flooring system, which alters its configuration under a load.

BACKGROUND ART

Some floors are specifically designed to absorb shock and reduce the forceful movements to enhance safety, comfort, and durability. Some common areas which need shock absorption include gyms, playrooms, basketball courts, and dance floors. Shock absorbing floors assist in preventing injury to an athlete by reducing impact stress. Shock absorbing floors enhance performance by allowing an athlete to train harder and longer with less fatigue and injury. The shock absorbing floors also assist in providing comfort to the user. Flooring that can absorb shock is also beneficial as it reduces wear and tear on the substructure by absorbing the stress rather than transferring the stress to the substructure.

Existing shock absorbing floors utilize materials such as rubber, foam and synthetic polymers to form the entire surface of the flooring. These materials are helpful to provide shock absorption, but limit the design of the space to these materials. Some floors have been designed to include a shock absorption element below the flooring which allow for any floor material to be placed on the top of the shock absorption element, such as spring loaded floors or rubber blocks commonly used in gymnastic and dance.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The flooring system disclosed herein provides a shock absorbing floor assembly that allows for different threshold of shock absorbers to be installed in the flooring assembly based on the use of the flooring system. Additionally, the shock absorbing element is below the subfloor and thereby allows the user to place any flooring atop the subfloor. Additionally, the shock absorbers provide a leveling mechanism which allows for the subfloor to be adjusted to ensure the flooring is level throughout a room. This is advantageous as it allows for the flooring to be adjusted based off the specific use as well as the specific area in which it is being installed.

In one aspect, an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure may provide a shock absorber including a top end and a bottom end spaced apart from one another; an outer surface opposite and interior space; an attachment region extending from the top end towards the bottom end; an action region extending from the bottom end towards the top end; and a neck region connecting the attachment region and the action region.

In one aspect, an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure may provide a shock absorber for use in a flooring system, the shock absorber including a top end and a bottom end spaced apart from one another; an outer surface opposite and interior space; an attachment region extending from the top end towards the bottom end, wherein the attachment region is shaped and sized to couple with a subfloor; an action region extending from the bottom end towards the top end; a neck region connecting the attachment region and the action region; and wherein the action region is configured to be positioned below the subfloor and is configured to at least partially collapse when the shock absorber is subjected to a force from above is exerted during an activity being performed atop the subfloor.

In another aspect, an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure may provide wherein the action region includes a plurality of levels which are configured to at least partially collapse when shock absorber is subjected to the force. In another aspect, an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure may provide wherein the plurality of levels are at least partially received within the interior space when collapsed. In another aspect, an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure may provide further including a first level of the plurality of levels, wherein a first level at least partially collapses when the force is equal to or less than a first force threshold. In another aspect, an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure may provide further including a second level or another level of the plurality of levels, wherein that at least partially collapse when the force exceeds the first force threshold. In another aspect, an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure may provide wherein at least one level from of the plurality of levels includes a first wall and a second wall. In another aspect, an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure may provide wherein one of the first wall or the second walls remains stationary or static when the plurality of levels are collapsed. In another aspect, an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure may provide wherein the second wall of a first level of the plurality of levels is connected to the first wall of a second level of the plurality of levels. In another aspect, an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure may provide wherein both the first wall and the second level move when the plurality of levels are collapsed. In another aspect, an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure may provide wherein a level closer to the top of the shock absorber collapses prior to a level closer to the bottom of the shock absorber. In another aspect, an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure may provide wherein the plurality of levels decrease in diameter, respectively, from the top end to the bottom end of the shock absorber. In another aspect, an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure may provide wherein the plurality of levels increase in diameter, respectively, from top end to the bottom end of the shock absorber.

In one aspect, an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure may provide a shock absorbing flooring system including a subfloor configured to be engaged with a floor; wherein the subfloor is formed from a plurality of sheets; and a plurality of shock absorbers removably engaged with each of the plurality of sheets.

In another aspect, an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure may provide further including a plurality of connectors operably engaged with each of the plurality of sheets at a lower surface of the plurality of sheets; and wherein the plurality shock absorbers is removably engaged with the plurality of connectors such that the plurality of shock absorbers extend downward from a lower surface of the plurality of sheets when removable engaged therewith. In another aspect, an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure may provide wherein the plurality of shock absorbers each include a top end and a bottom end spaced apart from one another; an outer surface opposite and interior space; an attachment region extending from top end towards bottom end; and an action region extending from bottom end towards top end. In another aspect, an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure may provide wherein the attachment region includes a rod configured to be received within the plurality of connectors. In another aspect, an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure may provide further including a recess defined in the rod, wherein the recesses is adapted to receive a screwdriver; and wherein a position of the shock absorber can be adjusted relative to the subfloor via the screwdriver from above the subfloor. In another aspect, an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure may provide wherein each of the plurality of connectors includes an inner surface and an outer surface spaced apart from one another; a plurality of ridges extending outwardly from the outer surface; and wherein the plurality of ridges are configured to secureably engage the connector with at least one bore defined by each of the plurality of sheets. In another aspect, an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure may provide wherein the attachment region of the shock absorber includes a threaded rod which is complementary to the inner surface of the plurality of connectors.

In one aspect, an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure may provide a method of installing a shock absorbing flooring system including engaging at least one connector with at least one bore defined in at least one sheet of a plurality of sheet; engaging at least one shock absorber with the at least one connector; forming a subfloor by connecting a plurality of sheets to one another; engaging the subfloor and the at least one shock absorber with a ground; adjusting a position of the at least one shock absorber; and installing a floor atop the subfloor.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

One or more exemplary embodiment(s) of the present disclosure is set forth in the following description, is shown in the drawings and is particularly and distinctly pointed out and set forth in the appended claims. The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of the specification, illustrate various example configurations and methods, and other example embodiments of various aspects of the invention. It will be appreciated that the illustrated element boundaries (e.g., boxes, groups of boxes, or other shapes) in the figures represent one example of the boundaries. One of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that in some examples one element may be designed as multiple elements or that multiple elements may be designed as one element. In some examples, an element shown as an internal component of another element may be implemented as an external component and vice versa. Furthermore, elements may not be drawn to scale.

FIG. 1 is a first end elevation view of a flooring assembly.

FIG. 2 is an exploded view of FIG. 1.

FIG. 3 is a front, bottom, first end perspective view of the flooring system.

FIG. 4A is an exploded view of the highlighted region labeled “SEE FIG. 4A” shown in FIG. 3.

FIG. 4B is an exploded view of FIG. 4A, showing a first embodiment of a shock absorber and a first embodiment of a connector operatively engaged with a subfloor.

FIG. 5 is an exploded view of a second embodiment of a shock absorber and the first embodiment of the connector.

FIG. 6 is a top perspective view of the first embodiment of the shock absorber shown in isolation.

FIG. 7 is a front elevation view of the shock absorber shown in FIG. 6.

FIG. 8 is a cross section of the shock absorber taken along line 8-8 of FIG. 6.

FIG. 9 is a flowchart depicting an example method of installing the flooring system.

FIG. 10 is a partial front elevation view of the flooring assembly show in operation.

FIG. 11 is an enlarged operational view of the highlighting region labeled as “SEE FIG. 11” in FIG. 10.

FIG. 12 is a partial front elevation view of the flooring assembly showing the shock absorbers in a second or a compressed configuration.

FIG. 13 is a front elevation view of a second embodiment of the shock absorber.

FIG. 14 is a front elevation view of a third embodiment of the shock absorber.

FIG. 15 is a front elevation view of a fourth embodiment of the shock absorber.

FIG. 16 is a front elevation view of a fifth embodiment of the shock absorber.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

FIG. 1 shows a flooring system, generally indicated at 10, in accordance with the present disclosure. The flooring system 10 includes a top 10A and a bottom 10B opposite and spaced apart from one another. The flooring system includes a floor 12, a subfloor 14, and a plurality of shock absorbers 16. The flooring system 10 is adapted to sit atop a ground “G.” Specifically, the plurality of shock absorbers 16 are adapted to sit atop the ground “G.” The ground “G” may include a structural foundation, such as concrete, cement, or other hardened structures, such as wood or compacted dirt.

Referring now to FIG. 2, the floor 12 includes a top 12A and a bottom 12B opposite and spaced apart from one another. Subfloor 14 includes a top 14A and a bottom 14B opposite and spaced apart from one another. The bottom 12B of floor 12 is configured to be placed atop the top 14B of the subfloor 14. In one embodiment, floor 12 is configured to sit atop the plurality of subfloor planks or sheets 18. Specifically, the bottom 12B of floor 12 and is contiguous with the top 10A of the plurality of subfloor sheets. The plurality of shock absorbers 16 are removably engaged with a bottom 14B of the plurality of subfloor sheets 18. However, in other embodiments the subfloor 14 may be a continuous sheet of material and the shock absorbers would be removably engaged with the bottom 14B of the subfloor 14.

Referring now to FIGS. 1-3, in the shown embodiment, the subfloor 14 is formed from or includes a plurality of subfloor sheets 18. As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the plurality of subfloor sheets 18 includes a first sheet 18-1, a second sheet 18-2, and a third sheet 18-3 which are operably engaged or connected with one another.

FIG. 3 shows a singular subfloor sheet 18 of the plurality of subfloor sheets 18. Sheet 18 includes a top 18A and a bottom 18B opposite and spaced apart from one another. Sheet 18 further includes a first side 18C and a second side 18D opposite and spaced apart from one another. Further, sheet 18 includes a first end 18E and a second end 18F opposite and spaced apart from one another.

It will be understood that each of the plurality of subfloor sheets 18 may be a size i.e., the length of the first side 18C and second side 18D by the first end 18E and the second end 18F, of 4 feet by 8 feet, 2 feet by 4 feet, 4 feet by 10 feet, 5 feet by 5 feet, 4 feet by 12 feet, or any other size which is appropriate for the use of the plurality of subfloor sheets 18. It will also be understood that each of the plurality of subfloor sheets 18 may have a thickness i.e., the distance between top 18A and bottom 18B, of ¼ inch, ⅜ inch, ½ inch, ⅝ inch, ¾ inch, or any other thickness which is appropriate for the use of the plurality of subfloor sheets 18.

Sheet 18 further includes at least two recesses 20 defined in at least two of the first side, second side, first end, second end 18C, 18D, 18E, 18F. Each sheet 18 further includes a ledge 22 extending outwardly from at least two of the first side, second side, first end, second end 18C, 18D, 18E, 18F. The at least two recesses 20 and the at least two ledges 22 of each sheet 18 is complementary to another recess and ledge of another sheet, i.e., first sheet 18-1, second sheet 18-2, and third sheet 18-3, of plurality of sheets 18. The at least two recesses 20 and the at least two ledges 22 of each sheet 18 allow for the plurality of sheets 18 to be operably engaged and connected to one another. The at least two recesses 20 and the at least two ledges 22 of each sheet 18 allow for a tongue and groove connection between each of the plurality of sheets to form the subfloor.

Each of the sheets 18 defines a plurality of bores 24 (FIG. 4B) extending vertically upward from the bottom 18B of sheet 18 into the body thereof. In one embodiment, the bores 24 extend fully through the body of the sheet 18 form the bottom of the 18B to top 18A. In another embodiment, the bores 24 extend only partially upward into the body of the sheet 18 from the bottom 16 to couple with the sheet 18 or subfloor 14. The number of bores 24 and the locations of the bores 24 in the lower surface of the subfloor 14 or sheet 18 may vary depending on the application specific needs of the flooring system 10. For example, for more impact-based sports or activities occurring on the flooring system 10, there may be a need for more shock absorbers 16 and therefore more bores 24 being formed in the lower surface of the subfloor 14 of sheet 18. Similarly, in sports or activities that are less impact-based, fewer shock absorbers 16 would be needed. Still further, in other embodiment, the number of bores 24 formed in the lower surface of the subfloor 14 or sheet 18 can be the same regardless of the activity performed atop. This could form a grid pattern (similar to a pegboard) which would allow or permit end-users configurability to install a desired amount of shock absorbers 16 depending on the activity to be performed atop flooring system 10.

Still referring to FIG. 3, the flooring system 10 further includes the plurality of shock absorbers 16 operably engaged with the subfloor 14 at the bottom 14B of the subfloor 14. The plurality of shock absorbers 16 are engaged with the subfloor at the plurality of bores 24 defined by the sheets 18. The plurality of shock absorbers 16 are connected to the sheet 18 via a connector 26. It will be understood that flooring system 10 may include a plurality of connectors 26.

Referring now to FIGS. 3 to 4B, a shock absorber 16 of the plurality of shock absorbers 16 is shown removably engaged with a first embodiment of the connector 26. In this first embodiment, the connector 26 is a four-prong T-nut. When the connector is a four-prong T-nut, the connector 26 includes a plate 28 and a plurality of prongs 30 (such as four) extending outwardly from the plate 28. The connector 26 further includes a shaft 32 extending upwardly from the plate 28 for a distance. The inner surface 32A of the shaft 32 is threaded and configured to removably engage the shock absorber 16. The shock absorber 16 will be described in more detail hereafter. At least a portion of the connector 26 is inserted and received within bore 24. For example, the shaft 32 is received within the bore 24 and the plurality of prongs 30 engages with the bottom 18B of the sheet 18 to secureably engage the connector 26 to the sheet 18.

In one specific embodiment, the first embodiment of connector 26 may be a T nut, a drive nut, or insert nut. It will be understood that the sheet 18 may have any number of bores 24, to receive any number of connectors 26 and shafts 32 to receive any number of shock absorbers 16.

Referring now to FIG. 5, there is shown the shock absorber 16 and the sheet 18 with a second embodiment of a connector 126. Connector 126 may be a tube or a shaft, which defines an outer surface 126A and inner surface 126B opposite and spaced apart from one another. The inner surface 126B may be threaded and configured to receive the portion of the shock absorber 16. Connector 126 may include a plurality of ridges 128 extending outwardly from the outer surface 126A. It will be understood as the connector 126 is installed into the flooring system 10 each of the plurality of ridges 128 may engage with the bore 24 of the sheet 18.

It will be understood that the sheet 18 may have any number of bores 24, to receive any number of connectors 126 to receive any number of shock absorbers 16.

Referring now to FIG. 6 through FIG. 8, a first embodiment of the shock absorber 16 is shown. Shock absorber 16 generally includes a portion thereof which is collapsible. The collapsible portion of shock absorber 16 can collapse in stages, such that as a force is applied to the shock absorber 16, the shock absorber can absorb the shock.

Shock absorber 16 is shown in a first or a relaxed configuration. Shock absorber 16 as illustrated is a unibody design. The shock absorber is a unibody in that the component is integrally extruded, molded, printed, or additively manufactured, removably machined, or formed as a singular, unitary, monolithic member. Shock absorber 16 is fabricated from a relatively rigid, manmade material. In one example, polymer composite materials may be utilized to form a substantially majority of all of the component parts or elements of shock absorber 16. The polymer composite machines are integrally formed, molded, printed, or extruded to form shock absorber 16. Shock absorber 16 is configured to withstand typical handle of force being applied to the floor 12. The materials and construction of shock absorber 16 are such that shock absorber 16 is not readily damaged during installation and use. While it is contemplated that shock absorber 16 is uniformly and integrally extruded, molded, printed, or otherwise formed, it should be understood that in other instances the components or elements of the shock absorber 16 may be formed separately and then be suitably assembled. Additionally, it will be understood that shock absorber 16 may be formed from materials other than polymer composite materials. In another example, the shock absorber 16 may be formed using a semi-rigid elastomeric material or a rubber material configured to withstand deformation during use. Any suitable material is contemplated to fabricate shock absorber 16. Furthermore, while the components or elements of the shock absorber 16 are discussed below individually, it is to be clearly understood that the components and their corresponding reference numbers are respectively components or elements of the unitary shock absorber 16.

The shock absorber 16 includes a top 16A and a bottom 16B opposite and spaced apart from one another. Shock absorber 16 defines an imaginary vertical axis “Y” (FIG. 7) extending from top 16A to bottom 16B. Shock absorber 16 further an outer surface 16C defining the radially outermost point of the shock absorber 16.

It will be understood that in at one least embodiment, the shock absorber 16 is at least partially hollow and includes an inner surface 16D (FIG. 8). The inner surface 16D defines an interior space 16E.

It will be understood that in alternative embodiments, the shock absorber 16 may have any size of interior space 16E. The interior space 16E is a size and shape to allow for the collapsible portion the shock absorber 16 to fill the interior space 16E when the shock absorber 16 is in a second or a compressed configuration. It will also be understood that interior space 16E may be of any shape and size necessary to allow for shock absorber 16 to have the adequate strength to absorb the shock applied to the flooring system 10.

Shock absorber 16 generally includes an attachment region 34 extending from the top 16A towards the bottom 18B. Shock absorber 16 includes an action region 36 extending from the bottom 16B towards the top 16A. It will be understood that the action region 36 is the collapsible portion of the shock absorber 16, as such, the terms action region and collapsible portion are used interchangeable throughout the description. Shock absorber 16 further includes a neck region 38 extending between and connecting the attachment region 34 and the action region 36.

Attachment region 34 includes a rod 40 extending between top end 16A and neck region 38. An outer surface 40A of the rod 40 is threaded. Rod 40 defines a recess 42 extending downwardly from the top 16A of the shock absorber 16. Recess 42 is adapted to receive a screwdriver. The screwdriver will be discussed in more detail herein regarding the use of shock absorber 16.

The threading of the outer surface 40A of the rod 40 is complementary to the inner surface 32A of the shaft 32 of the connecter 26 and the inner surface 126B of the connector 126 such that the attachment region 34 of the shock absorber 16 can be inserted into the connector 26, 126 and thereby secured to the subfloor 14.

Action region 36 includes a base 44 at the bottom 16B of the shock absorber 16. Action region 36 generally includes a plurality of rings or levels 46 integrally connected to one another. Action region 36 includes at least one level 46 extending from the base 44 to neck region 38. The at least one level 46 each include at least one wall.

It will be understood that if shock absorber 16 includes more than one level 46, then the levels may each be of a different size or different diameters relative to the imaginary vertical axis “Y”. The size or diameter of each level 46 allows for each level 46 to collapse independent from another level 46 and fill the interior space 16E of the shock absorber 16 as the shock absorber 16 is subjected to a force. The independent collapsibility of each of the levels allows for the shock absorber 16 to be a multi-stage shock absorber 16.

In at least one embodiment, the levels 46 may change in size in a stair-step fashion moving from the base 44 toward neck region 38. The levels 46 may decrease in size or diameter moving from the top end 16A to the bottom end 16B of the shock absorber. It will be understood that in alternative embodiments, the levels 46 may change in size in a stair-step fashion moving from the neck region 38 towards the base 44. The levels 46 may increase in size moving from the top end 16A to the bottom end 16B of the shock absorber. It will also be understood that in yet another alternative embodiment, the levels 46 may be of the same shape from base 44 to neck region 38. The levels 46 may be any size and shape to allow for each level to collapse and be received within the interior space 16E of the shock absorber independently from another level 46. Action region 36, as depicted in FIGS. 6-8, includes a first level 46A extending upwardly from base 44 towards top 16A and a second level 46B extending between first level 46A and neck region 38. It will be understood that first level 46A and second level 46B are substantially identical to one another expect for size and the second level 46B is smaller in diameter than first level 46A such that first level 46A extends radially outwardly more than second level 46B.

Each level 46 includes a first wall 48 and a second wall 50 integrally engaged with one another. In some embodiments, the first wall 48 is offset parallel to imaginary vertical axis “Y” and the second wall 50 is angled relative to the imaginary vertical axis “Y”.

First wall 48 of first level 46A is substantially parallel to imaginary vertical axis “Y”. Second wall 50 of first level 46A extends from first wall 48 at an angle “α1”. In one embodiment, the angle “α1” is between about 180°-300° when viewed from the front. More specifically, the angle “α1” is between about 210°-250°. Most specifically, the angle “α1” is about 228°.

The first wall 48 of the second level 46B is connected at its lower end to an upper end of the second wall 50 of the first level 46A and defines an at an angle “α2” therebetween. In one embodiment, the angle “α2” is between about 95°-165° when viewed from the front. More specifically, the angle “α2” is between about 115°-145°. Most specifically, the angle “α2” is about 132°.

Second wall 50 of second level 46B extends upwardly and radially inward from the upper end of first wall 48 of second level 46B at an angle “α3”. In one embodiment, the angle “α3” is between about 180°-300° when viewed from the front. More specifically, the angle “α3” is between about 190°-250°. Most specifically, the angle “α3” is about 230°.

First wall 48 of first level 46A and second level 46B remain substantially stationary during the use of shock absorber 16 which will be discussed in more detail herein regarding the use of shock absorber 16.

First wall 48 of first level 46A extending upwardly from base at an angle “ε1”. Specifically, first wall 48 extends from base 44 at the angle “ε1”. In one embodiment, the angle “ε1” is between about 100°-190° when viewed from the front. More specifically, the angle “ε1” is between about 130°-170°. Most specifically, the angle “ε1” is about 135°. This established that the base 44 defines a radially flared lower end defining a maximum diameter of the shock absorber 16.

It will be understood that in alternative embodiments, shock absorber 16 may include any number of levels 46 and each level 46 may include any number of walls 48, 58.

Neck region 38 is generally includes a ring 52 which connects attachment region 34 and action region 36 to one another and provides a foundation 54 for rod 40 of the attachment region 34. Ring 52 and second wall 50 of second level 46B engage one another at an angle “γ1”. In one embodiment, the angle “γ1” is between about 30°-160° when viewed from the front. More specifically, the angle “γ1” is between about 60°-130°. Most specifically, the angle “γ1” is about 86°.

It will be understood that in alternative embodiment, neck region 38 may be of any configuration to connect attachment region 34 and action region 36 to one another.

Having now described flooring system 10, a method 200 of installing and using flooring system will be described with reference to FIGS. 9-12.

Referring to FIG. 9, the method 200 includes a first step 202 of engaging at least one connector 26 with at least one bore 24 defined in the at least one sheet 18 or subfloor 14. The method 200 includes another step 204 of engaging the at least one shock absorber 16 with the connector 26. The shock absorber 16 is engaged with the connector 26 by threadedly engaging the attachment region 34 and specifically the rod 40 with the inner surface 32A of the shaft 32 of the connecter 26 or the inner surface 126B of the connector 126. The method 200 further includes another step 206 of forming the subfloor 14 by connecting the plurality of sheet 18 to one another. The method 200 further includes additional or optional step 208 of placing or engaging the subfloor 14 and attached shock absorbers 16 with the ground “G.”The method 200 includes another optional step 210 of adjusting a position of at least one shock absorber 16. Referring now to FIG. 10, once the subfloor 14 and attached shock absorbers 16 are placed atop the ground “G”, at least one shock absorber 16 may not fully engage the ground “G” and a space or offset “T” may be defined between the bottom end 16B of the shock absorber 16 and the ground “G”. It is advantageous to ensure that each shock absorber 16 is fully engaged with the ground “G” to provide overall stability of the flooring system 10 and also to allow for the floor 12 to be level around a room. As such, any one of the shock absorbers 16 can be adjusted as needed to ensure proper engagement with the ground “G” or the ensure the floor 12 remains level across the room.

Referring to FIG. 11, the position of the shock absorber 16 is adjusted by engaging a screwdriver “S” with the recess 42 defined in the rod 40 of the shock absorber 16. The screwdriver can be moved in the directions of arrow “A” or in a direction opposite arrow “A” to raise or lower the shock absorber 16 in the direction of arrows “B” with respect to the subfloor 14 by receiving less or more of the rod 40 of the shock absorber 16 within the shaft 32 of the connecter 26 or the connector 126. Referring now to FIG. 9, the method 200 includes another step 212 of installing the floor 12 atop the subfloor 14.

Referring now to FIG. 12, once the floor 12 is installed atop the subfloor 14, the flooring system 10 is ready for use. In use, a force “F” may be applied to the flooring system 10. The force “F” may include any number of options such as a person walking or jumping on the floor 12. As the force “F” is applied to the flooring system 10, the shock absorbers 16 decompress in the direction of arrows “C” in a multi-stage fashion by collapsing at least one level 46 into the interior space 16E of the shock absorber 16. The collapsed level in allow for the floor 12 and subfloor 14 to move in the direction of arrow “D”.

In operation, as the force is applied to flooring system 10 and the shock absorber 16, the first level 46A of the shock absorber 16 first collapses by the second wall 50 moving radially inward and downward and being received within or partially within the interior space 16E of shock absorber 16 and the angle “α1” increases to a maximum of about 360°. The collapse of first level 46A transitions the shock absorber from the relaxed configuration to the first stage collapsed configuration. It will be understood the first level 46A may not fully collapse and may be only partially collapsed. In one particular embodiment, during the collapse of the first level 46A, the first wall 48 remains substantially static or stationary and does not move.

As more force is applied and the force exceeds a first force threshold of the first level 46A or if the force applied is greater than the first force threshold of the first level 46A, the second level 46B can collapse by the second wall 50 moving radially inward and downward and being received within or partially within the interior 16E of shock absorber 16 and the angle “α3” increases to a maximum of about 360°. The collapse of second level 46B transitions the shock absorber 16 from the first stage collapsed configuration to a second stage collapsed, a fully collapsed, or a collapsed configuration. It will be understood the second level 46B may not fully collapse and may be only partially collapsed. Similar to the first level 46A, the first wall 48 of the second level 46B the first wall 48 remains substantially static or stationary and does not move during the collapse of second level 46B.

In another example, the stage-wise collapsing of levels 46A, 46B may occur in a different order. For example, in another embodiment, as the second level 46B is collapsed, the shock absorber 16 moves from a relaxed configuration to a first stage collapsed configuration. After the second level 46B is fully collapsed or at least partially collapsed, the first level 46A can collapse or partially collapse and the shock absorber 16 moves from the first stage collapsed configuration to second stage collapsed, a fully collapsed, or a collapsed configuration.

Referring now to FIG. 13, a second embodiment of shock absorber in accordance with the present disclosure is shown, with the shock absorber generally indicated at 316. Shock absorber 316 is shown in a first or a relaxed configuration. It will be understood that shock absorber 316 is substantially similar in function to shock absorber 16; however, shock absorber 316 includes differences that are discussed and noted in greater detail below.

Shock absorber 316 includes a top 316A and a bottom 316B opposite and spaced apart from one another. Shock absorber 316 also includes the imaginary vertical axis “Y” extending from top 316A to bottom 316B. Shock absorber 316 further an outer surface 316C defining the radially outermost point of the shock absorber 316.

It will be understood that in at least one embodiment, shock absorber 316 is at least partially hollow and includes an inner surface which defines an interior space.

Shock absorber 316 includes an attachment region 334 extending from the top 316A towards the bottom 316B. Attachment region 334 is substantially identical in configuration and function to attachment region 34 and therefore will not be described in more detail herein. Shock absorber 316 includes an action region 336 extending from the bottom 316B towards the top 316A. Shock absorber 316 further includes a neck region 338 extending between and connecting the attachment region 334 and the action region 336.

Action region 336 generally includes a plurality of levels 46 integrally connected to one another. Action region 336 includes a base 344 at the bottom 316B of the shock absorber 316. Action region 336 includes at least one level 346 extending from the base 344 to neck region 338.

In at least one embodiment, the levels 346 may change in size in a stair-step fashion moving from the base 344 toward neck region 338. The levels 346 may decrease in size or diameter moving from the top end 316A to the bottom end 316B of the shock absorber. It will be understood that in alternative embodiments, the levels 346 may change in size in a stair-step fashion moving from the neck region 338 towards the base 344. The levels 346 may increase in size moving from the top end 316A to the bottom end 316B of the shock absorber. It will also be understood that in yet another alternative embodiment, the levels 346 may be of the same shape from base 344 to neck region 338. The levels 346 may be any size and shape to allow for each level to collapse and be received within the interior space of the shock absorber independently from another level 346.

Action region 336, as depicted in FIG. 13, includes three levels, first level 346A, second level 346B, and third level 346C. Each of the levels 346 includes a first wall 348 and a second wall 350 operably engaged with one another. In some embodiments, the first wall 348 is offset parallel to imaginary vertical axis “Y” and the second wall 350 is angled relative to the imaginary vertical axis “Y”.

First level 346A extends upwardly from base 344 towards top 316A at an angle “ε2”. Specifically, first wall 348 extends from base 344 at an angle “ε2”. In one embodiment, the angle “ε2” is between about 90°-180° when viewed from the front. More specifically, the angle “ε2” is between about 100°-150°. Most specifically, the angle “ε2” is about 129°. This establishes that the base 344 defines a radially flared lower end defining a maximum diameter of the shock absorber 316.

First wall 348 and second wall 350 of first level 346A are connected to one another and second wall 350 extends from first wall 348 at an angle “β1”. In one embodiment, the angle “β1” is between about 180°-280° when viewed from the front. More specifically, the angle “β1” is between about 210°-250°. Most specifically, the angle “β1” is about 227°.

First wall 348 of second level 346B is connected at its lower end to an upper end of second wall 350 of first level 346A and defines an angle “β2” therebetween. In one embodiment, the angle “β2” is between about 90°-190° when viewed from the front. More specifically, the angle “β2” is between about 120°-160°. Most specifically, the angle “β2” is about 139°.

First wall 348 and second wall 350 of second level 346B are connected to one another and second wall 350 extends from first wall 348 at an angle “β3”. In one embodiment, the angle “β3” is between about 170°-270° when viewed from the front. More specifically, the angle “β3” is between about 200°-250°. Most specifically, the angle “β3” is about 222°.

First wall 348 of third level 346C is connected to and extends upwardly from second wall 350 of second level 346B at an angle “β4”. In one embodiment, the angle “β4” is between about 100°-200° when viewed from the front. More specifically, the angle “β4” is between about 130°-170°. Most specifically, the angle “β4” is about 147°.

First wall 348 and second wall 350 of third level 346C are connected to one another and second wall 350 extends from first wall 348 at an angle “β5”. In one embodiment, the angle “β5” is between about 150°-250° when viewed from the front. More specifically, the angle “β5” is between about 180°-220°. Most specifically, the angle “β5” is about 226°.

Neck region 338 includes a first ring 352 which is engaged with attachment region 334 and provides a foundation 354 for a rod 340 of the attachment region 334. Neck region 338 further includes a second ring 356 extending between first ring 352 and action region 336. Specifically, second ring 356 extends between first ring 352 and third level 346C of action region 336. Second ring 356 and second wall 350 of third level 346C engage one another at an angle “γ2”. In one embodiment, the angle “γ2” is between about 70°-170° when viewed from the front. More specifically, the angle “γ2” is between about 90°-150°. Most specifically, the angle “γ2” is about 119°.

In operation, as the force is applied to flooring system 10 and the shock absorber 316, the first level 346A of the shock absorber 316 first collapses by the second wall 350 moving radially inward and downward and being received within or partially within the interior of shock absorber 316 and the angle “β1” increases to a maximum of about 360°. The collapse of first level 346A transitions the shock absorber from the relaxed configuration to the first stage collapsed configuration. It will be understood the first level 346A may not fully collapse and may be only partially collapsed. In one particular embodiment, during the collapse of the first level 346A, the first wall 348 remains substantially static or stationary and does not move.

As more force is applied and the force exceeds a first force threshold of the first level 346A or if the force applied is greater than the first force threshold of the first level 346A, the second level 346B can collapse by the second wall 350 moving radially inward and downward and being received within or partially within the interior of shock absorber 316 and the angle “β3” increases to a maximum of about 360°. The collapse of second level 346B transitions the shock absorber 316 from the first stage collapsed configuration to a second stage collapsed configuration. It will be understood the second level 346B may not fully collapse and may be only partially collapsed. Similar to the first level 346A, the first wall 348 of the second level 346B the first wall 348 remains substantially static or stationary and does not move during the collapse of second level 346B.

As even more force is applied and the force exceed a second force threshold of the first level 346A and the second level 346B or if the forced applied is greater than the second force threshold of the first level 346A and the second level 346B, the third level 346C can collapse by the second wall 350 moving radially inward and downward and being received within or partially within the interior of shock absorber 316 and the angle “β5” increases to a maximum of about 360°. The collapse of third level 346C transitions the shock absorber 316 from the second stage collapsed configuration to a third stage collapsed, a fully collapsed, or a collapsed configuration. It will be understood the third level 346C may not fully collapse and may be only partially collapsed. Similar to the first level 346A and second level 346B, the first wall 348 of the third level 346C the first wall 348 remains substantially static or stationary and does not move during the collapse of third level 346C.

In another example, the stage-wise collapsing of the levels 346A, 346B, 346C may occur in a different order. For example, in another embodiment, as the third level 346C is collapsed, the shock absorber 316 moves from a relaxed configuration to a first stage collapsed configuration. After third level 346C is fully collapsed or at least partially collapsed, the second level 346B can collapse or partially collapse and the shock absorber 316 moves from the first stage collapsed configuration to a second stage collapsed configuration. After the second level 346B is fully collapsed or at least partially collapsed, the first level 346A can collapse or partially collapse and the shock absorber 316 moves from the second stage collapsed configuration to a third stage collapsed, a fully collapsed, or a collapsed configuration.

Referring now to FIG. 14, a third embodiment of shock absorber in accordance with the present disclosure is shown, with the shock absorber generally indicated at 416. Shock absorber 416 is shown in a first or a relaxed configuration. It will be understood that shock absorber 416 is substantially similar in function to shock absorber 16 and shock absorber 316; however, shock absorber 416 includes differences that are discussed and noted in greater detail below.

Shock absorber 416 includes a top 416A and a bottom 416B opposite and spaced apart from one another. Shock absorber 416 also includes the imaginary vertical axis “Y” extending from top 416A to bottom 416B. Shock absorber 416 further an outer surface 416C defining the radially outermost point of the shock absorber 416.

It will be understood that in at least one embodiment, shock absorber 416 is at least partially hollow and includes an inner surface which defines an interior space.

Shock absorber 416 includes an attachment region 434 extending from the top 416A towards the bottom 416B. Attachment region 434 is substantially identical in configuration and function to attachment region 34 and therefore will not be described in more detail herein. Shock absorber 416 includes an action region 436 extending from the bottom 416B towards the top 416A. Shock absorber 416 further includes a neck region 438 extending between and connecting the attachment region 434 and the action region 436.

Action region 436 generally includes a plurality of levels 443 integrally connected to one another. Action region 436 includes a base 444 at the bottom 416B of the shock absorber 416. Action region 436 includes at least one level 446 extending from the base 444 to neck region 438.

It will be understood that if shock absorber 416 includes more than one level 446, then the levels may each be of a different size or different diameters relative to imaginary vertical axis “Y”. The size or diameter of each level 46 allows for each level 46 to collapse independent from another level 46 and fill the interior space of the shock absorber 16 as the shock absorber 16 is subjected to a force. The independent collapsibility of each of the levels allows for the shock absorber 16 to be a multi-stage shock absorber 16.

In at least one embodiment, the levels 446 may change in size in a stair-step fashion moving from the base 444 toward neck region 438. The levels 446 may decrease in size or diameter moving from the top end 416A to the bottom end 416B of the shock absorber. It will be understood that in alternative embodiments, the levels 446 may change in size in a stair-step fashion moving from the neck region 438 towards the base 444. The levels 446 may increase in size moving from the top end 16A to the bottom end 416B of the shock absorber 416. It will also be understood that in yet another alternative embodiment, the levels 446 may be of the same shape from base 444 to neck region 438. The levels 446 may be any size and shape to allow for each level to collapse and be received within the interior space of the shock absorber independently from another level 446.

Action region 436, as depicted in FIG. 14, includes three levels, first level 446A, second level 446B, and third level 446C. Each of the levels 446 includes a first wall 448 and a second wall 450 operably engaged with one another. In some embodiments, the first wall 4480 is angled to imaginary vertical axis “Y” and the second wall 450 is angled relative to the imaginary vertical axis “Y”.

It will be understood that in at least one embodiment, one or more of the first wall 448 and second wall 450 of the first level 446A, second level 446B, and third level 446C may be curved. In one specific embodiment, the second wall 450 of the second level 446B is curved.

First level 446A extends upwardly from base 444 towards top 416A at an angle “ε3”. Specifically, first wall 448 extends from base 444 at the angle “ε3”. In one embodiment, the angle “ε3” is between about 50°-180° when viewed from the front. More specifically, the angle “ε3” is between about 70°-120°. Most specifically, the angle “ε3” is about 94°. This establishes that the base 444 defines a radially flared lower end defining a maximum diameter of the shock absorber 416.

First wall 448 and second wall 450 of first level 446A are connected to one another and second wall 450 extends from first wall 448 at an angle “η1”. In one embodiment, the angle “η1” is between about 220°-320° when viewed from the front. More specifically, the angle “η1” is between about 250°-290°. Most specifically, the angle “η1” is about 277°.

First wall 448 of second level 446B is connected at its lower end to and upper end of second wall 450 of first level 446A and define an angle “η2” therebetween. In one embodiment, the angle “η2” is between about 30°-130° when viewed from the front. More specifically, the angle “η2” is between about 60°-100°. Most specifically, the angle “η2” is about 77°.

First wall 448 and second wall 450 of second level 446B are connected to one another and second wall 450 extends from first wall 448 at an angle “η3”. In one embodiment, the angle “η3” is between about 210°-310° when viewed from the front. More specifically, the angle “η3” is between about 240°-280°. Most specifically, the angle “η3” is about 265°.

First wall 448 of third level 446C is connected at its lower end to an upper end of second wall 450 of second level 446B and define at an angle “η4” therebetween. In one embodiment, the angle “η4” is between about 30°-130° when viewed from the front. More specifically, the angle “η4” is between about 60°-100°. Most specifically, the angle “η4” is about 73°.

First wall 448 and second wall 450 of third level 446C are connected to one another and second wall 450 extends from first wall 448 at an angle “η5”. In one embodiment, the angle “η5” is between about 220°-340° when viewed from the front. More specifically, the angle “η5” is between about 250°-310°. Most specifically, the angle “η5” is about 281°.

Neck region 438 includes a ring 452 which is engaged with attachment region 434 and provides a foundation 454 for a rod 440 of the attachment region 434. Ring 452 and second wall 450 of third level 446C engage one another at an angle “γ3”. In one embodiment, the angle “γ3” is between about 10°-110° when viewed from the front. More specifically, the angle “γ3” is between about 40°-100°. Most specifically, the angle “γ3” is about 60°.

In operation, as the force is applied to flooring system 10 and the shock absorber 416, the first level 446A of the shock absorber 416 first collapses by the first wall 448 and the second wall 450 moving together such that the angle “η1” increases to a maximum of about 360°. The collapse of first level 446A transitions the shock absorber from the relaxed configuration to the first stage collapsed configuration. It will be understood the first level 446A may not fully collapse and may be only partially collapsed.

As more force is applied and the force exceeds a first force threshold of the first level 446A or if the force applied is greater than the first force threshold of the first level 446A, the second level 446B can collapse by the first wall 448 and the second wall 450 moving together such that the angle “η3” increases to a maximum of about 360°. The collapse of second level 446B transitions the shock absorber 416 from the first stage collapsed configuration to a second stage collapsed configuration. It will be understood the second level 446B may not fully collapse and may be only partially collapsed.

As even more force is applied and the force exceed a second force threshold of the first level 446A and the second level 446B or if the forced applied is greater than the second force threshold of the first level 446A and the second level 446B, the third level 446C can collapse by the first wall 448 and the second wall 450 moving together such that the angle “η5” increases to a maximum of about 360°. The collapse of third level 446C transitions the shock absorber 416 from the second stage collapsed configuration to a third stage collapsed, a fully collapsed, or a collapsed configuration. It will be understood the third level 446C may not fully collapse and may be only partially collapsed.

In another example, the stage-wise collapsing of the levels 446A, 446B, 446C may occur in a different order. For example, in another embodiment, as the third level 446C is collapsed, the shock absorber 416 moves from a relaxed configuration to a first stage collapsed configuration. After third level 446C is fully collapsed or at least partially collapsed, the second level 446B can collapse or partially collapse and the shock absorber 416 moves from the first stage collapsed configuration to a second stage collapsed configuration. After the second level 446B is fully collapsed or at least partially collapsed, the first level 446A can collapse or partially collapse and the shock absorber 416 moves from the second stage collapsed configuration to a third stage collapsed, a fully collapsed, or a collapsed configuration.

Referring now to FIG. 15, a fourth embodiment of shock absorber in accordance with the present disclosure is shown, with the shock absorber generally indicated at 516. Shock absorber 516 is shown in a first or a relaxed configuration. It will be understood that shock absorber 516 is substantially similar in function to shock absorber 16 and shock absorber 316; however, shock absorber 516 includes differences that are discussed and noted in greater detail below.

Shock absorber 516 includes a top 516A and a bottom 516B opposite and spaced apart from one another. Shock absorber 516 also includes the imaginary vertical axis “Y” extending from top 516A to bottom 516B. Shock absorber 516 further an outer surface 516C defining the radially outermost point of the shock absorber 516.

It will be understood that in at least one embodiment, shock absorber 516 is at least partially hollow and includes an inner surface which defines an interior space.

Shock absorber 516 includes an attachment region 534 extending from the top 516A towards the bottom 516B. Shock absorber 516 includes an action region 536 extending from the bottom 516B towards the top 516A. Shock absorber 516 further includes a neck region 538 extending between and connecting the attachment region 534 and the action region 536.

Attachment region 534 is substantially identical to attachment region 34 except for the diameter of a rod 540 and the exclusion of recess 42. It will be understood that rod 540 may be of any diameter. It will also be understood that in at least one embodiment, rod 540 may define a recess similar to recess 42.

Action region 536 generally includes a plurality of levels 546 integrally connected to one another. Action region 536 includes a base 544 at the bottom 516B of the shock absorber 516. Action region 536 includes at least one level 546 extending from the base 544 to neck region 538.

It will be understood that if shock absorber 516 includes more than one level 46, then the levels may each be of a different size or different diameters relative to imaginary vertical axis “Y”. The size or diameter of each level 546 allows for each level 546 to collapse independent from another level 546 and fill the interior space of the shock absorber 516 as the shock absorber 516 is subjected to a force. The independent collapsibility of each of the levels allows for the shock absorber 516 to be a multi-stage shock absorber 516.

In at least one embodiment, the levels 546 may change in size in a stair-step fashion moving from the base 544 toward neck region 538. The levels 546 may decrease in size or diameter moving from the top end 516A to the bottom end 516B of the shock absorber. It will be understood that in alternative embodiments, the levels 546 may change in size in a stair-step fashion moving from the neck region 538 towards the base 544. The levels 546 may increase in size moving from the top end 516A to the bottom end 516B of the shock absorber. It will also be understood that in yet another alternative embodiment, the levels 546 may be of the same shape from base 544 to neck region 538. The levels 546 may be any size and shape to allow for each level to collapse and be received within the interior space of the shock absorber independently from another level 546.

Action region 536, as depicted in FIG. 15, includes six levels, first level 546A, second level 546B, third level 546C, fourth level 546D, fifth level 546E, and sixth level 546F. First level 546A, second level 546B, third level 546C, fifth level 546E, and sixth level 546F each include a first wall 548 and a second wall 550 operably engaged with one another. Fourth level 546D includes only the first wall 548.

It will be understood the size of the levels varies along the action region 536. Specifically, the size of each of the levels slight decease moving from the first level 546A to the fourth level 546D. The fifth level 546E is larger than the first level 546A and the sixth level 546F is smaller than any other the other levels.

It will be understood that in at least one embodiment, one or more of the first wall 548 and second wall 550 of the first level 546A, second level 546B, third level 546C, fourth level 546D, fifth level 546E, and sixth level 546F may be curved. In one specific embodiment, the first wall 548 of the first level 546A and first wall 548 of fourth level 546D are curved.

First level 546A extends upwardly from base 544 towards top 516A at an angle “ε4”. Specifically, first wall 548 extends upwardly from base 544 at the angle “ε4”. In one embodiment, the angle “ε4” is between about 50°-150° when viewed from the front. More specifically, the angle “ε4” is between about 80°-140°. Most specifically, the angle “ε4” is about 100°. This establishes that the base 544 defines a radially flared lower end defining a maximum diameter of the shock absorber 516.

First wall 548 and second wall 550 of first level 546A are connected to one another and second wall 550 extends from first wall 548 at an angle “λ1”. In one embodiment, the angle “λ1” is between about 230°-330° when viewed from the front. More specifically, the angle “λ1” is between about 260°-300°. Most specifically, the angle “λ1” is about 281°.

First wall 548 of second level 546B is connected at its lower end to an end of second wall 550 of first level 546A and define an angle “λ2” therebetween. In one embodiment, the angle “λ2” is between about 25°-120° when viewed from the front. More specifically, the angle “λ2” is between about 55°-95°. Most specifically, the angle “λ2” is about 74°.

First wall 548 and second wall 550 of second level 546B are connected to one another and second wall 550 extend from first wall 548 at an angle “λ3”. In one embodiment, the angle “λ3” is between about 225°-345° when viewed from the front. More specifically, the angle “λ3” is between about 255°-315°. Most specifically, the angle “λ3” is about 286°.

First wall 548 of third level 546C is connected at its lower end to an upper end of second wall 550 of second level 546B and define an angle “λ4” therebetween. In one embodiment, the angle “λ4” is between about 25°-120° when viewed from the front. More specifically, the angle “λ4” is between about 55°-95°. Most specifically, the angle “λ4” is about 74°.

First wall 548 and second wall 550 of third level 546C are connected to one another and second wall 550 extends from first wall 548 at an angle “λ5”. In one embodiment, the angle “λ5” is between about 225°-345° when viewed from the front. More specifically, the angle “λ5” is between about 255°-315°. Most specifically, the angle “λ5” is about 286°.

First wall 548 of fourth level 546D is connected at its lower end to an upper end of second wall 550 of third level 546C and define an angle “λ6” therebetween. In one embodiment, the angle “λ6” is between about 25°-120° when viewed from the front. More specifically, the angle “λ6” is between about 55°-95°. Most specifically, the angle “λ6” is about 74°.

First wall 548 of fifth level 546E is connected to and extends from first wall 548 of fourth level 546D at an angle “λ7”. In one embodiment, the angle “λ7” is between about 100°-200° when viewed from the front. More specifically, the angle “λ7” is between about 130°-170°. Most specifically, the angle “λ7” is about 153°.

First wall 548 and second wall 550 of fifth level 546E are connected to one another and second wall 550 extends from first wall 548 at an angle “λ8”. In one embodiment, the angle “λ8” is between about 230°-330° when viewed from the front. More specifically, the angle “λ8” is between about 260°-300°. Most specifically, the angle “λ8” is about 278°.

First wall 548 of sixth level 546F is connected at its lower end to an upper end of first wall 548 of fifth level 546E and define an angle “λ9” therebetween. In one embodiment, the angle “λ9” is between about 25°-120° when viewed from the front. More specifically, the angle “λ9” is between about 55°-95°. Most specifically, the angle “λ9” is about 74°.

First wall 548 and second wall 550 of sixth level 546F are connected to one another and second wall 550 extends from first wall 548 at an angle “λ10”. In one embodiment, the angle “λ10” is between about 225°-345° when viewed from the front. More specifically, the angle “λ10” is between about 255°-315°. Most specifically, the angle “λ10” is about 286°.

Neck region 538 includes a ring 452 which is engaged with attachment region 534 and provides a foundation 554 for a rod 540 of the attachment region 534. Ring 552 and second wall 550 of sixth level 546F engage one another at an angle “γ4”. In one embodiment, the angle “γ4” is between about 0°-100° when viewed from the front. More specifically, the angle “γ4” is between about 30°-70°. Most specifically, the angle “γ4” is about 40°.

In operation, as the force is applied to flooring system 10 and the shock absorber 516, the first level 546A of the shock absorber 516 first collapses by the second wall 550 moving radially inward and downward and being received within or partially within the interior of shock absorber 516 and the angle “λ1” increases to a maximum of about 360°. The collapse of first level 546A transitions the shock absorber from the relaxed configuration to the first stage collapsed configuration. It will be understood the first level 546A may not fully collapse and may be only partially collapsed. During the collapse of the first level 546A, the first wall 548 remains substantially static or stationary and does not move.

As more force is applied and the force exceeds a first force threshold of the first level 546A or if the force applied is greater than the first force threshold of the first level 546A, the second level 546B can collapse by the second wall 550 moving radially inward and downward and being received within or partially within the interior of shock absorber 516 and the angle “λ5” increases to a maximum of about 560°. The collapse of second level 546B transitions the shock absorber 516 from the first stage collapsed configuration to a second stage collapsed configuration. It will be understood the second level 546B may not fully collapse and may be only partially collapsed. Similar to the first level 546A, the first wall 548 of the second level 546B the first wall 548 remains substantially static or stationary and does not move during the collapse of second level 546B.

As even more force is applied and the force exceed a second force threshold of the first level 546A and the second level 546B or if the forced applied is greater than the second force threshold of the first level 546A and the second level 546B, the third level 546C can collapse by the second wall 550 moving radially inward and downward and being received within or partially within the interior of shock absorber 516 and the angle “λ5” increases to a maximum of about 360°. The collapse of third level 546C transitions the shock absorber 516 from the second stage collapsed configuration to a third stage collapsed configuration. It will be understood the third level 546C may not fully collapse and may be only partially collapsed. Similar to the first level 546A and second level 546B, the first wall 548 of the third level 546C the first wall 548 remains substantially static or stationary and does not move during the collapse of third level 546C.

As more force is applied and the force exceed a third force threshold of the first level 546A, the second level 546B, and the third level 546C or if the forced applied is greater than the second force threshold of the first level 546A, the second level 546B, and the third level 546C, the fourth level 546D can collapse by the wall 548 moving radially inward and downward and being received within or partially within the interior of shock absorber 516. The collapse of fourth level 546D transitions the shock absorber 516 from the third stage collapsed configuration to a fourth stage collapsed configuration. It will be understood the fourth level 546D may not fully collapse and may be only partially collapsed.

As more force is applied and the force exceed a fourth force threshold of the first level 546A, the second level 546B, third level 546C, and fourth level 546D or if the forced applied is greater than the second force threshold of the first level 546A, the second level 546B, third level 546C, and fourth level 546D, the fifth level 546E can collapse by the second wall 550 moving radially inward and downward and being received within or partially within the interior of shock absorber 516 and the angle “λ8” increases to a maximum of about 360°. The collapse of fifth level 546E transitions the shock absorber 516 from the fourth stage collapsed configuration to a fifth stage collapsed. It will be understood the fifth level 546E may not fully collapse and may be only partially collapsed. Similar to the first level 546A, second level 546B and third level 546C, the first wall 548 of the fourth level 546D the first wall 548 remains substantially static or stationary and does not move during the collapse of fourth level 546D.

As even more force is applied and the force exceed a fifth force threshold of the first level 546A, the second level 546B, third level 546C, fourth level 546D, and fifth level 546E or if the forced applied is greater than the second force threshold of the first level 546A, the second level 546B, third level 546C, fourth level 546D, and fifth level 546E, the sixth level 546F can collapse by the second wall 550 moving radially inward and downward and being received within or partially within the interior of shock absorber 516 and the angle “λ10” increases to a maximum of about 360°. The collapse of sixth level 546F transitions the shock absorber 516 from the fifth stage collapsed configuration to a sixth stage collapsed, a fully collapsed, or a collapsed configuration. It will be understood the sixth level 546F may not fully collapse and may be only partially collapsed. Similar to the first level 546A, second level 546B, third level 546C, and fifth level 546E, the first wall 548 of the sixth level 546F the first wall 548 remains substantially static or stationary and does not move during the collapse of sixth level 546F.

In another example, the stage-wise collapsing of the levels 546A, 546B, 546C may occur in a different order. For example, in another embodiment, as the sixth level 546F is collapsed, the shock absorber 516 moves from a relaxed configuration to a first stage collapsed configuration. After sixth level 546F is fully collapsed or at least partially collapsed, the fifth level 546E can collapse or partially collapse and the shock absorber 516 moves from the first stage collapsed configuration to a second stage collapsed configuration. After the fifth level 546E is fully collapsed or at least partially collapsed, the fourth level 546D can collapse or partially collapse and the shock absorber 516 moves from the second stage collapsed configuration to a third stage collapsed configuration. After the fourth level 546C is fully collapsed or at least partially collapsed, the third level 546C can collapse or partially collapse and the shock absorber 516 moves from the third stage collapsed configuration to a fourth stage collapsed configuration. After the third level 546C is fully collapsed or at least partially collapsed, the second level 546B can collapse or partially collapse and the shock absorber 516 moves from the fourth stage collapsed configuration to a fifth stage collapsed configuration. After the second level 546B is fully collapsed or at least partially collapsed, the first level 546A can collapse or partially collapse and the shock absorber 516 moves from the fifth stage collapsed configuration to a sixth stage collapsed, a fully collapsed, or a collapsed configuration.

Referring now to FIG. 16, a fifth embodiment of a shock absorber in accordance with the present disclosure is shown, with the shock absorber generally indicated at 616. Shock absorber 616 is shown in a first or a relaxed configuration. It will be understood that shock absorber 616 is substantially similar in function to shock absorber 16, shock absorber 316, shock absorber 416, and shock absorber 516; however, shock absorber 616 includes differences that are discussed and noted in greater detail below.

Shock absorber 616 includes a top 616A and a bottom 616B opposite and spaced apart form one another. Shock absorber 616 also includes the imaginary vertical axis “Y” extending from top 616A to bottom 616B. Shock absorber 616 further an outer surface 616C defining the radially outermost point of the shock absorber 616.

It will be understood that in at least one embodiment, shock absorber 616 is at least partially hollow and includes an inner surface which defines an interior space.

Shock absorber 616 includes an attachment region 634 extending from the top 616A towards the bottom 616B. Attachment region 634 is substantially identical in configuration and function to attachment region 34 and therefore will not be described in more detail herein. Shock absorber 616 includes an action region 636 extending from the bottom 616B towards the top 616A. Shock absorber 616 further includes a neck region 638 extending between and connecting the attachment region 634 and the action region 636. Neck region 638 is substantially identical in configuration and function to neck region 38 and therefore will not be described in more detail herein.

Action region 636 generally includes a plurality of rings integrally connected to one another. Action region 636 includes a base 644 at the bottom 616B of the shock absorber 616. Action region 636 includes at least one level 646 extending from the base 644 to neck region 638.

Action region 636, as depicted in FIG. 16, includes four levels, first level 646A, second level 646B, third level 646C, and fourth level 646D. Each of the levels 646 includes a wall 648.

First level 646A extends upwardly from base 644 towards top 616A at an angle “ε5”. Specifically, first wall 648 extends upwardly from base 644 at the angle “ε5”. In one embodiment, the angle “ε5” is between about 120°-220° when viewed from the front. More specifically, the angle “ε3” is between about 150°-190°. Most specifically, the angle “ε5” is about 174°.

The wall 648 of first level 646A is curved. In one specific embodiment, the outer surface of wall 648 of first level 646A is convexly curved relative to the imaginary vertical axis “Y”. The wall 648 of second level 646B is substantially straight and substantially parrel to the imaginary vertical axis “Y” defined by the shock absorber 616. The wall 648 of third level 646C is substantially straight. The wall 648 of fourth level 646D is curved. In one specific embodiment, the wall 648 of fourth level 646D is concavely curved relative to the imaginary vertical axis “Y”.

The wall 648 of second level 646B is connected to and extends upwardly from the wall 648 of first level 646A at an angle “θ1”. In one embodiment, the angle “θ1” is between about 130°-230° when viewed from the front. More specifically, the angle “θ1” is between about 150°-210°. Most specifically, the angle “θ1” is about 174°.

The wall 648 of third level 646C is connected to and extends upwardly from the wall 648 of second level 646B at an angle “θ2”. In one embodiment, the angle “θ2” is between about 140°-240° when viewed from the front. More specifically, the angle “θ2” is between about 170°-200°. Most specifically, the angle “θ2” is about 204°.

The wall 648 of fourth level 646D is connected to and extends upwardly form the wall 648 of the third level 646C at an angle “θ3”. In one embodiment, the angle “θ3” is between about 140°-240° when viewed from the front. More specifically, the angle “θ3” is between about 160°-220°. Most specifically, the angle “θ3” is about 184°.

A ring 652 of neck region 638 and second wall 650 of third level 646C engage one another at an angle “γ5”. In one embodiment, the angle “γ5” is between about 30°-135° when viewed from the front. More specifically, the angle “γ5” is between about 55°-100°. Most specifically, the angle “γ5” is about 78°.

In operation, as the force is applied to flooring system 10 and the shock absorber 616, each of the levels 646A, 646B, 646C, 646D can collapse as the force is applied or the force is increased from above (e.g., such as when an activity is being performed atop flooring system 10). Each level 646A, 646B, 646C, 646D may collapse by the wall 648 moving radially inward and downward and being received within or partially within the interior of shock absorber 616. It will be understood that each level 646A, 646B, 646C, 646D may each fully or partially collapse. In one particular embodiment, another level will collapse only when the previous level has been fully collapsed such that the force applied exceeds a force threshold of the previous level. For example, in one embodiment, as the first level 646A is collapsed, the shock absorber 616 moves from a relaxed configuration to a first stage collapsed configuration. After the first level 646A is fully collapsed, the second level 646B can be collapsed or partially collapsed and the shock absorber 616 moves from the first stage collapsed configuration to a second stage collapsed configuration. After the second level 646B is fully collapsed, the third level 646C can be collapsed or partially collapsed and the shock absorber 616 moves from the second stage collapsed configuration to a third stage collapsed configuration. After the third level 646C is fully collapsed, the fourth level 646D can be collapsed or partially collapsed and the shock absorber 616 moves from the third stage collapsed configuration to a fourth stage collapsed, a fully collapsed, or a collapsed configuration.

In another example, the stage-wise collapsing of the levels 646A, 646B, 646C, 646D may occur in a different order. For example, in another embodiment, as the fourth level 646D is collapsed, the shock absorber 616 moves from a relaxed configuration to a first stage collapsed configuration. After the fourth level 646D is fully collapsed or at least partially collapsed, the third level 646C can collapse or partially collapse and the shock absorber 616 moves from the first stage collapsed configuration to a second stage collapsed configuration. After the third level 646C is fully collapsed or at least partially collapsed, the second level 646B can collapse or partially collapse and the shock absorber 616 moves from the second stage collapsed configuration to a third stage collapsed configuration. After the second level 646B is fully collapsed or at least partially collapsed, the first level 646A can collapse or partially collapse and the shock absorber 616 moves from the third stage collapsed configuration to a fourth stage collapsed, a fully collapsed, or a collapsed configuration,

It will be understood that shock absorbers 16, 316, 416, 516, 616 may be used for a variety of other purposes and is not limited for using in a flooring system and may be used in any situation where an adjustable shock absorber is advantageous.

Unless explicitly stated that a particular shape or configuration of a component is mandatory, any of the elements, components, or structures discussed herein may take the form of any shape. Thus, although the figures depict the various elements, components, or structures of the present disclosure according to one or more exemplary embodiments, it is to be understood that any other geometric configuration of that element, component, or structure is entirely possible. For example, instead of the ring 52 of the neck region 38 being annular, the ring 52 can be semi-circular triangular, rectangular or square, pentagonal, hexagonal, heptagonal, octagonal, decagonal, dodecagonal, diamond shaped or another parallelogram, trapezoidal, star-shaped, oval, ovoid, lines or lined, teardrop-shaped, cross-shaped, donut-shaped, heart-shaped, arrow-shaped, crescent-shaped, any letter shape (i.e., A-shaped, B-shaped, C-shaped, D-shaped, E-shaped, F-shaped, G-shaped, H-shaped, I-shaped, J-shaped, K-shaped, L-shaped, M-shaped, N-shaped, O-shaped, P-shaped, Q-shaped, R-shaped, S-shaped, T-shaped, U-shaped, V-shaped, W-shaped, X-shaped, Y-shaped, or Z-shaped), or any other type of regular or irregular, symmetrical or asymmetrical configuration.

Various inventive concepts may be embodied as one or more methods, of which an example has been provided. The acts performed as part of the method may be ordered in any suitable way. Accordingly, embodiments may be constructed in which acts are performed in an order different than illustrated, which may include performing some acts simultaneously, even though shown as sequential acts in illustrative embodiments.

Any flowchart and/or block diagrams in the Figures illustrate some exemplary architecture, functionality, and operation of possible implementations of systems, methods, and computer program products according to various embodiments of the present disclosure. In this regard, each block in the flowchart or block diagrams may represent a module, segment, or portion of instructions, which comprises one or more executable instructions for implementing the specified logical function(s). In some alternative implementations, the functions noted in the blocks may occur out of the order noted in the Figures. For example, two blocks shown in succession may, in fact, be executed substantially concurrently, or the blocks may sometimes be executed in the reverse order, depending upon the functionality involved. It will also be noted that each block of the block diagrams and/or flowchart illustration, and combinations of blocks in the block diagrams and/or flowchart illustration, can be implemented by special purpose hardware-based systems that perform the specified functions or acts or carry out combinations of special purpose hardware and computer instructions.

While various inventive embodiments have been described and illustrated herein, those of ordinary skill in the art will readily envision a variety of other means and/or structures for performing the function and/or obtaining the results and/or one or more of the advantages described herein, and each of such variations and/or modifications is deemed to be within the scope of the inventive embodiments described herein. More generally, those skilled in the art will readily appreciate that all parameters, dimensions, materials, and configurations described herein are meant to be exemplary and that the actual parameters, dimensions, materials, and/or configurations will depend upon the specific application or applications for which the inventive teachings is/are used. Those skilled in the art will recognize or be able to ascertain using no more than routine experimentation, many equivalents to the specific inventive embodiments described herein. It is, therefore, to be understood that the foregoing embodiments are presented by way of example only and that, within the scope of the appended claims and equivalents thereto, inventive embodiments may be practiced otherwise than as specifically described and claimed. Inventive embodiments of the present disclosure are directed to each individual feature, system, article, material, kit, and/or method described herein. In addition, any combination of two or more such features, systems, articles, materials, kits, and/or methods, if such features, systems, articles, materials, kits, and/or methods are not mutually inconsistent, is included within the inventive scope of the present disclosure. Thus it is to be clearly understood that present disclosure, including the Figures, describes various features, embodiments, and aspects or instances of inventive matter. It is to be understood that any feature, component, step, or characteristic disclosed in this specification or Figures may be combined with any other disclosed feature to form alternative embodiments, unless explicitly stated otherwise. Individual features should not be viewed as being limited to their originally disclosed embodiments but may be freely combined or rearranged with other features as appropriate to define the scope of the claimed subject matter. Further, the various features, configurations, components, and functionalities discussed herein are intended to provide a “disclosure reservoir” from which any claim language may be derived. To illustrate the flexibility intended by this disclosure reservoir, a first feature, originally described with a second feature, may alternatively be implemented with a third feature, a fourth feature, or both third and fourth features. Similarly, functional components may be substituted or combined in any logical arrangement without departing from the scope of the present disclosure.

For example, although the device, assembly, or system of the present disclosure is described as a complete unit within the present disclosure, it is to be understood that some of the components or features detailed herein can be supplied as a retrofit kit. This approach enables the provision of only certain parts necessary to upgrade a legacy device to the specifications of device, assembly, or system of the present disclosure. Essentially, instead of requiring the replacement of the entire device, the retrofit kit allows for the selective enhancement of specific components. This could allow a user or operator to efficiently upgrade its/their existing legacy devices, systems, or assemblies to achieve the performance and functionality of the device, assembly, or system of the present disclosure without a full replacement. In the event that a component or portion of the device, assembly, or system of the present disclosure is provided as part of a retrofit kit, those components may be integrated into legacy devices, systems or assemblies to upgrade the same. By facilitating partial upgrades, it addresses the need for continuous improvement and adaptation in dynamic environments where complete replacement might be neither feasible nor necessary. As a result, a user or operator would be able to make an enhancement, thereby extending the lifecycle, optimizing, or improving those legacy devices, systems, or assemblies.

All definitions, as defined and used herein, should be understood to control over dictionary definitions, definitions in documents incorporated by reference, and/or ordinary meanings of the defined terms.

The articles “a” and “an,” as used herein in the specification and in the claims, unless clearly indicated to the contrary, should be understood to mean “at least one.” The phrase “and/or,” as used herein in the specification and in the claims (if at all), should be understood to mean “either or both” of the elements so conjoined, i.e., elements that are conjunctively present in some cases and disjunctively present in other cases. Multiple elements listed with “and/or” should be construed in the same fashion, i.e., “one or more” of the elements so conjoined. Other elements may optionally be present other than the elements specifically identified by the “and/or” clause, whether related or unrelated to those elements specifically identified. Thus, as a non-limiting example, a reference to “A and/or B”, when used in conjunction with open-ended language such as “comprising” can refer, in one embodiment, to A only (optionally including elements other than B); in another embodiment, to B only (optionally including elements other than A); in yet another embodiment, to both A and B (optionally including other elements); etc. As used herein in the specification and in the claims, “or” should be understood to have the same meaning as “and/or” as defined above. For example, when separating items in a list, “or” or “and/or” shall be interpreted as being inclusive, i.e., the inclusion of at least one, but also including more than one of a number or list of elements, and, optionally, additional unlisted items. Only terms clearly indicated to the contrary, such as “only one of” or “exactly one of,” or, when used in the claims, “consisting of,” will refer to the inclusion of exactly one element of a number or list of elements. In general, the term “or” as used herein shall only be interpreted as indicating exclusive alternatives (i.e. “one or the other but not both”) when preceded by terms of exclusivity, such as “either,” “one of,” “only one of,” or “exactly one of.” “Consisting essentially of,” when used in the claims, shall have its ordinary meaning as used in the field of patent law.

As used herein in the specification and in the claims, the phrase “at least one,” in reference to a list of one or more elements, should be understood to mean at least one element selected from any one or more of the elements in the list of elements, but not necessarily including at least one of each and every element specifically listed within the list of elements and not excluding any combinations of elements in the list of elements. This definition also allows that elements may optionally be present other than the elements specifically identified within the list of elements to which the phrase “at least one” refers, whether related or unrelated to those elements specifically identified. Thus, as a non-limiting example, “at least one of A and B” (or, equivalently, “at least one of A or B,” or, equivalently “at least one of A and/or B”) can refer, in one embodiment, to at least one, optionally including more than one, A, with no B present (and optionally including elements other than B); in another embodiment, to at least one, optionally including more than one, B, with no A present (and optionally including elements other than A); in yet another embodiment, to at least one, optionally including more than one, A, and at least one, optionally including more than one, B (and optionally including other elements); etc. As another example, “at least one of: A, B, or B” is intended to cover A, B, C, A-B, A-C, B-C, and A-B-C, as well as any combination with multiple of the same item.

While components of the present disclosure are described herein in relation to each other, it is possible for one of the components disclosed herein to include inventive subject matter, if claimed alone or used alone. In keeping with the above example, if the disclosed embodiments teach the features of A and B, then there may be inventive subject matter in the combination of A and B, A alone, or B alone, unless otherwise stated herein.

As used herein in the specification and in the claims, the term “effecting” or a phrase or claim element beginning with the term “effecting” should be understood to mean to cause something to happen or to bring something about. For example, effecting an event to occur may be caused by actions of a first party even though a second party actually performed the event or had the event occur to the second party. Stated otherwise, effecting refers to one party giving another party the tools, objects, or resources to cause an event to occur. Thus, in this example a claim element of “effecting an event to occur” would mean that a first party is giving a second party the tools or resources needed for the second party to perform the event, however the affirmative single action is the responsibility of the first party to provide the tools or resources to cause said event to occur.

When a feature or element is herein referred to as being “on” another feature or element, it can be directly on the other feature or element or intervening features and/or elements may also be present. In contrast, when a feature or element is referred to as being “directly on” another feature or element, there are no intervening features or elements present. It will also be understood that, when a feature or element is referred to as being “connected”, “attached” or “coupled” to another feature or element, it can be directly connected, attached or coupled to the other feature or element or intervening features or elements may be present. In contrast, when a feature or element is referred to as being “directly connected”, “directly attached” or “directly coupled” to another feature or element, there are no intervening features or elements present. Although described or shown with respect to one embodiment, the features and elements so described or shown can apply to other embodiments. It will also be appreciated by those of skill in the art that references to a structure or feature that is disposed “adjacent” another feature may have portions that overlap or underlie the adjacent feature.

Spatially relative terms, such as “under”, “below”, “lower”, “over”, “upper”, “above”, “behind”, “in front of”, and the like, may be used herein for ease of description to describe one element or feature's relationship to another element(s) or feature(s) as illustrated in the figures. It will be understood that the spatially relative terms are intended to encompass different orientations of the device in use or operation in addition to the orientation depicted in the figures. For example, if a device in the figures is inverted, elements described as “under” or “beneath” other elements or features would then be oriented “over” the other elements or features. Thus, the exemplary term “under” can encompass both an orientation of over and under. The device may be otherwise oriented (rotated 90 degrees or at other orientations) and the spatially relative descriptors used herein interpreted accordingly. Similarly, the terms “upwardly”, “downwardly”, “vertical”, “horizontal”, “lateral”, “transverse”, “longitudinal”, and the like are used herein for the purpose of explanation only unless specifically indicated otherwise.

Although the terms “first” and “second” may be used herein to describe various features/elements, these features/elements should not be limited by these terms, unless the context indicates otherwise. These terms may be used to distinguish one feature/element from another feature/element. Thus, a first feature/element discussed herein could be termed a second feature/element, and similarly, a second feature/element discussed herein could be termed a first feature/element without departing from the teachings of the present disclosure.

An embodiment is an implementation or example of the present disclosure. Reference in the specification to “an embodiment,” “one embodiment,” “some embodiments,” “one particular embodiment,” “an exemplary embodiment,” or “other embodiments,” or the like, means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiments is included in at least some embodiments, but not necessarily all embodiments, of the invention. The various appearances “an embodiment,” “one embodiment,” “some embodiments,” “one particular embodiment,” “an exemplary embodiment,” or “other embodiments,” or the like, are not necessarily all referring to the same embodiments. Furthermore, the use of any and all examples or exemplary language (“e.g.,” “such as,” or the like) is intended merely to better illustrate or illuminate the embodiments and does not pose a limitation on the scope of that or those embodiments. No language in this specification should be construed as indicating any unclaimed element as essential to the practice of the disclosed embodiment.

If this specification states a component, feature, structure, or characteristic “may”, “might”, or “could” be included, that particular component, feature, structure, or characteristic is not required to be included. If the specification or claim refers to “a” or “an” element, that does not mean there is only one of the element. If the specification or claims refer to “an additional” element or “another” element, that does not preclude there being more than one of the additional element or the another element.

As used herein in the specification and claims, including as used in the examples and unless otherwise expressly specified, all numbers may be read as if prefaced by the word “about” or “approximately,” even if the term does not expressly appear. The phrase “about” or “approximately” may be used when describing magnitude and/or position to indicate that the value and/or position described is within a reasonable expected range of values and/or positions. For example, a numeric value may have a value that is +/−0.1% of the stated value (or range of values), +/−1% of the stated value (or range of values), +/−2% of the stated value (or range of values), +/−5% of the stated value (or range of values), +/−10% of the stated value (or range of values), etc. Any numerical range recited herein is intended to include all sub-ranges subsumed therein. Further, recitation of ranges of values herein are not intended to be limiting, referring instead individually to any and all values falling within that range, unless otherwise indicated herein, and each separate value within such range is incorporated into the specification as if it were individually recited herein.

Additionally, the method of performing the present disclosure may occur in a sequence different than those described herein. Accordingly, no sequence of the method should be read as a limitation unless explicitly stated. It is recognizable that performing some of the steps of the method in a different order could achieve a similar result.

In the claims, as well as in the specification above, all transitional phrases such as “comprising,” “including,” “carrying,” “having,” “containing,” “involving,” “holding,” “composed of,” and the like are to be understood to be open-ended, i.e., to mean including but not limited to. Only the transitional phrases “consisting of” and “consisting essentially of” shall be closed or semi-closed transitional phrases, respectively.

To the extent that the present disclosure has utilized the term “invention” in various titles or sections of this specification, or in the context of those sections, this term has been included as required by the formatting requirements of word document submissions (i.e., docx submissions) pursuant the guidelines/requirements of the United States Patent and Trademark Office and shall not, in any manner, be considered a disavowal of any subject matter.

In the foregoing description, certain terms have been used for brevity, clearness, and understanding. No unnecessary limitations are to be implied therefrom beyond the requirement of the prior art because such terms are used for descriptive purposes and are intended to be broadly construed.

Moreover, the description and illustration of various embodiments of the disclosure are examples and the disclosure is not limited to the exact details shown or described.