INNER CORNER WALL ELEMENT

Description

FIELD OF THE INVENTION

The technical solution relates to the field of construction, in particular to construction panels for prefabricated buildings and structures, specifically to corner elements of building structures, which are typically used in panel housing construction.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

The prior art provides a device - a corner element for reinforced concrete walls, wherein the main elements of this corner element are the inner layer, the outer layer, the thermal insulation layer, the reinforcing mesh, the first horizontal reinforcing elements, the second horizontal reinforcing elements, the first vertical reinforcing elements, the second vertical reinforcing elements, the embedded parts and the flexible links. The outer corner element is limited at the end faces by a top face and a bottom face. The inner layer and the outer layer are made in the shape of a bar with an L-shaped cross section. The inner layer and outer layer are made of concrete-containing material. The inner layer comprises a reinforcing mesh.

The disadvantage of the prior-art technical solution is the insufficient strength of the element, which is due to the possibility of destruction thereof under appropriate load from the structures above. Furthermore, the resulting connecting seam formed by the corner element (with the adjacent wall panel) is straight, resulting in cracks in said seam under further building subsidence, temperature fluctuations of the ambient air, leading to draughts and water leakage from rainfall and melting of snow clogged in the seam crack.

The technical result of the subject technical solution is to increase the permissible load for a multi-storey building and to increase the reliability of joint sealing.

The technical result is achieved by the fact that in the inner corner wall element configured in the form of an extended object with upper end face and lower end face and comprising an inner layer, an outer layer, a thermal insulation layer, two additional thermal insulation layers, reinforcing mesh, first vertical reinforcing elements, second vertical reinforcing elements and flexible links, said inner layer is provided with two first surfaces, two third surfaces, two first side surfaces, an inner corner and an outer corner of the inner layer, said inner layer is configured to have an L-shaped cross-section, said first surfaces are arranged on the inner side and converge to their common said inner corner, and said third surfaces are arranged on the opposite side from said first surfaces corresponding to each of them and converge to their common said outer corner of the inner layer, each said third surface is arranged generally parallel to respective said first surface, each said first side surface connects respective said first surface and said third surface, said outer layer is configured to have an L-shaped cross-section, said outer layer is provided with two fourth surfaces, two second surfaces, two protrusions, two fourth side surfaces and two additional L-shaped surfaces, wherein said fourth surfaces face towards said inner layer, each said second surface is arranged generally parallel to said fourth surface corresponding thereto, each said additional L-shaped surface connects said fourth surface corresponding thereto with said fourth side surface which is connected to said second surface corresponding thereto to form said protrusion, said thermal insulation layer is configured to have an L-shaped cross-section, said thermal insulation layer is disposed between said third surface and said fourth surface, said thermal insulation layer is limited on the side of the protrusion by a second side surface, said reinforcing mesh is bent at right angles and is disposed in said outer layer and is orientated similarly to said thermal insulation layer; on the side of said inner layer, on said thermal insulation layer, there are disposed two said additional thermal insulation layers, each on the side of said first surface corresponding thereto; said first vertical reinforcing elements and said second vertical reinforcing elements are configured in the form of metal rods, said first vertical reinforcing elements are disposed in said inner layer between one said additional thermal insulation layer, the other said additional thermal insulation layer and said inner corner, said second vertical reinforcing elements are arranged in said inner layer between said additional thermal insulation layers and said first side surface adjacent thereto, said outer layer and said inner layer are connected through said thermal insulation layer by means of said flexible links secured therein; in a particular embodiment, said first side surface and said second side surface are arranged in the same plane; in another particular embodiment, on each said first side surface and said second side surface corresponding thereto there is disposed a respective slotted layer; in another particular embodiment, on the side of said upper end face, said thermal insulation layer and said outer layer protrude with respect to said inner layer.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

The invention will be explained by the drawing (FIGS. 1-2), where FIG. 1 is a cross section of the inner corner wall element, FIG. 2 is side views.

The figures show: outer layer 1, reinforcing mesh 2, second surface 3, protrusion 4, fourth side surface 5, additional L-shaped surface 6, third side surface 7, slotted layer 8, thermal insulation layer 9, first side surface 10, inner layer 11, first surface 12, embedded part 13, first vertical reinforcing element 14, inner corner 15, second vertical reinforcing element 16, outer corner 17, niche 18, upper end face 19, support surface 20, third surface 21, fourth surface 22, lower end face 23, additional thermal insulation layer 24, second side surface 25.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The main elements of the inner corner wall element (hereinafter referred to as the corner element or device, wherein the term internal is understood such that it forms an inner corner of a building in relation to the external environment; the term external is understood such that it relates to a part of the building/element in contact with the external environment) are an inner layer 11, an outer layer 1, a thermal insulation layer 9, a reinforcing mesh 2, first vertical reinforcing elements 14, second vertical reinforcing elements 16, embedded parts and flexible elements. The inner corner wall element is limited at the top and bottom (in the operating position) by the upper end face 19 and the lower end face 23.

Fastening of the various units, assemblies and individual elements of the inner wall element may be carried out directly or by means of various intermediate elements. It is possible to implement the fastening of one assembly, unit or element of the device to another one through another assembly or unit thereof. Thus, the term “fastening” is understood herein to mean any coupling of the device elements to one another, as well as any other coupling that provides for structural integrity. Structural connection provides for spatial mutual arrangement and retention of the constituent elements of the device so as to provide for structural integrity and operability thereof. Structural connection may have a complex configuration with a developed spatial structure, including various protruding elements.

The inner layer 11 is generally configured in the form of a bar having an L-shaped cross-section (FIG. 1). The inner layer 11 is made of a concrete-containing material. The inner layer 11 is limited by two first surfaces 12 (facing the interior of the building), two first side surfaces 10 and two third surfaces 21. The first surfaces 12 of the inner layer 11 converge to a common inner corner 15. When in operation, the first surfaces 12 face inwards to the building which was constructed using said inner corner wall elements. The third surfaces 21 (have a complex shape due to, inter alia, the fact that they bend around an additional thermal insulation layer 24) face a thermal insulation layer 9 and an additional thermal insulation layer 24. Between each first surface 12 and respective (i.e. disposed on the same side of the inner layer 11) third surface 21 there is disposed, along the edge, one first side surface 10. The first side surface 10 is arranged generally perpendicular (or with slight deviations) to the adjacent first surface 12. The first side surfaces 10, upon completion of the assembly of the building elements and in the subsequent operation of the building, face towards the wall panels connected to said inner corner wall element.

The inner layer 11 is configured reinforced with first vertical reinforcing members 14 and second vertical reinforcing members 16. Further, the first vertical reinforcing elements 14 are situated in the inner corner area 15, and the second vertical reinforcing elements 16 are situated in the body of the inner corner wall element, on the side of each first side surface 10. The first vertical reinforcing elements 14 and the second vertical reinforcing elements 16 are made of metal rods (fibreglass or other material). The first vertical reinforcing elements 14 and the second vertical reinforcing elements 16 are arranged along the length of the inner corner wall element, and are generally parallel to the first side surfaces 10, the first surfaces 12 and the third surfaces 21.

The outer layer 1 is configured in the form of a bar having an L-shaped cross-section and is made of concrete-containing material. The outer layer 1 is limited in cross-section A-A by two second surfaces 3, two fourth surfaces 22, two fourth side surfaces 5 and two additional L-shaped surfaces 6. The second surfaces 3 face the outside of the building during operation. The fourth surfaces 22 face inwardly of the inner corner wall element towards the thermal insulation layer 9. Each fourth side surface 5, adjacent to respective (adjacent thereto) second surface 3, is arranged generally perpendicular to said second surface 3 and is directed towards the nearest fourth surface 22. Further, each fourth side surface 5 protrudes relative to respective additional L-shaped surface 6 to form a protrusion 4 on the outer layer 1 (there are two protrusions 4 in total).

The reinforcing mesh 2 is arranged in the outer layer 1. The reinforcing mesh 2 is made of metal wire or bars intertwined with one another to form a single material (solid or composite) object. The reinforcing mesh 2 is angled and arranged generally similar to the two second surfaces 3 and the two fourth surfaces 22 in the body of the outer layer 1.

The thermal insulation layer 9 is configured in the form of a bar having an L-shaped cross-section (or individual elements generally forming such an L-shaped bar). The thermal insulation layer 9 may be configured to be a integral or composite layer comprising individual elements, in one particular embodiment, for example, it may be two plates arranged at right angles to one another. The thermal insulation layer 9 is arranged between the inner layer 11 and the outer layer 1. Between the thermal insulating layer 9 and the inner layer 11, there is disposed an additional thermal insulating layer 24 covered on the sides by a portion of the material of the inner layer 11 which reaches the thermal insulating layer 9. On the side of the protrusion 4, the thermal insulation layer 9 is limited by the third side surface 7. The additional thermal insulation layer 24 is directly adjacent to the thermal insulation layer 9.

The length (in the direction from the upper end face 19 to the lower end face 23 of the inner corner wall element) of the inner layer 11 is configured shorter than that of the thermal insulation layer 9 and the outer layer 1. Further, on the side of the upper end face 19 there is provided a recess 18 bounded on the side of the inner layer 11 by the support surface 20.

The embedded component 13 is a metal element, such as an angle bar, partially secured in the body of the concrete (in the inner layer 11) and (likely) partially projecting outwards (onto the first surface 12). The embedded component 13 is intended for connecting the inner corner wall element with other elements of the building structure, such as wall panels and floor panels. The embedded components 13 are provided at the top and bottom of the inner layer 11 on the side of each of the first surfaces 12.

The flexible links are designed to provide for a secure connection between the inner layer 11 and the outer layer 1. Each flexible link is a rod element made of corrosion resistant steel or other corrosion resistant material such as fibreglass or basalt plastic. Each flexible link is secured in the material of the inner layer 11 at one end of the link and in the material of the outer layer 1 at the other end thereof. Further, the axis of each flexible link may be either perpendicular to the first surfaces 12 or angled thereto. Further, a flexible link with an axis at an angle to the first surface 12 is typically arranged between two flexible links with axes perpendicular to the first surface 12 which are disposed in proximity to one another. Further, the flexible links extend through the thermal insulation layer 9 and/or additional thermal insulation layer 2.

DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

In case of using the above elements and means, the inner corner wall element is implemented as follows (the provided description of the subject of the invention illustrates a particular embodiment thereof, whereas other embodiments are also possible using the features of the present technical solution).

During concrete pouring, a vibrating table is provided with a removable edge form for forming second surfaces 3, protrusion 4, fourth side surfaces 5, additional L-shaped surfaces 6, first side surfaces 10, third side surfaces 7, additional surfaces 6 and fourth side surfaces 5.

Within the removable edge form, the resulting structure of reinforcing elements intended for the inner layer 11 is placed, also heat-insulating plates for forming the heat-insulating layer 9 and reinforcing mesh 2 intended for reinforcing the outer layer 1 are placed. Further, flexible links are passed through the plates of the heat insulating layer 9 in advance. Embedded parts 13 are installed at the required locations.

If and when it is necessary to form communication openings and connection openings, holes are provided to the inner layer 11 and to the thermal insulation layer 9. Said holes are fitted with hole formers in the concrete body. The hole formers may be cylindrical elements such as tubes or cylinders made of easily extractable materials such as polystyrene foam, Styrofoam or the like.

Next, the resulting configuration of the edge forms is poured with mortar from concrete-containing material of the appropriate grade, if necessary containing additional components that correct the speed of hardening, plasticity, strength and other parameters of the material. The resulting object is left until the mortar is cured. Further, a vibrating table is switched on for compacting the mortar, which uses vibration to facilitate the movement of gas bubbles onto the surface of the mortar and the formation of a stronger internal structure (and/or the concrete is vibrated with screed rails or immersion vibrators). After setting of the mortar, the removable edge form is removed. By means of lifting equipment, the finished inner corner wall element is removed from the vibrating table. Further, the flexible links are securely fixed in the body of the concrete and the inner layer 11 is fixed with respect to the outer layer 1.

The inner corner wall element is delivered to the installation site and mounted such that the first surfaces 12 face inside the room. The adjacent wall panel is installed in the L-shaped corner formed by the slotted layer 8 and the additional L-shaped surface 6. The wall panel is connected to the inner corner wall element. The seam formed at the connection area has an L-shaped configuration. Further, between the building wall panel and the inner corner wall element there are disposed fire protection spacers (slotted layer 8) which are a layer of mineral (basalt) wool, providing fire safety during the operation of the structure. On the room side, the seam is further filled with fire-resistant assembly foam. On the outside, the seam is further filled with a sealing compound. The sealing composition is disposed behind the protrusion 4 of the outer corner wall element, which has a positive effect on the appearance of the structure as a whole.

Environmental factors such as wind, rain, ground subsidence, mechanical impact may cause cracks to appear at the seam between the building wall panel and the outer corner wall element. Further, if the seam is made in a rectilinear configuration, as it is in prior-art embodiments, there is a risk of disruption of tightness and, as a consequence, penetration into the room of cold air and moisture from the outside environment. When the seam is configured curvilinear, it helps to increase, as compared to a rectilinear seam, the aerodynamic resistance to the penetration of environmental factors through the crack. In the particular case, when the seam has an L-shaped configuration, the crack usually forms in one of the portions of the L-shaped seam. The other portion of the seam, which is disposed at an angle to the damaged portion, remains intact, which prevents air and moisture from entering the room. It follows from the above that the implementation of the outer corner wall element according to the present technical solution provides reduction of heat losses, reduction or prevention of moisture penetration, which increases the operational reliability and durability of the seam as a whole, as well as increases the strength thereof. The arrangement of the above elements of the device increases the overall strength thereof through setting the overall configuration and inclusion of reinforcing elements, which together take the load where it is likely to be concentrated in this particular structure.

Thus, the implementation of the device with a set of essential features as provided in the claims provides for increased permissible load for a multi-storey building and increased reliability of joint sealing.