PENETRATION ROLLER FOR CONE PENETRATION TEST DEVICE HAVING STRUCTURE FOR ASSESSING REPLACEMENT TIME AND PREVENTING SLIP

Description

CROSS REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

This application is the U.S. National Phase Application of PCT International Application No. PCT/KR2022/016947, Nov. 1, 2022, which claims priority to Korean Patent Application No. 10-2021-0177895, filed Dec. 13, 2021, the contents of such applications being incorporated by reference herein.

FIELD OF THE INVENTION

The present disclosure relates to a penetration roller for a cone penetration test device in which the penetration roller has a structure that makes it possible to determine a replacement time and to prevent slip. The present disclosure relates to a penetration roller for a cone penetration test device having a structure for determining a replacement time and preventing slip in the cone penetration test device, wherein a cone is coupled to the end portion of a rod and then the rod is pressed on either side thereof by each penetration roller so that the cone is penetrated into or recovered from a seabed, and wherein, on a pressing surface of the penetration roller, protrusions are successively formed to prevent slip when brought into contact with the rod and to allow the replacement time of the penetration roller to be determined based on the depth of grooves dug on the outer circumferential surface of the rod.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

Investigation of a seabed may be classified into a method of drilling into the seabed and then analyzing the results in a laboratory, and a method of performing a direct measurement on the seabed. Seabed investigation tends to rely heavily rely on field tests because it is fundamentally difficult to collect undisturbed samples with the existing ground investigation. A representative method for evaluating a seabed is conducted by using a cone penetration test (CPT).

The cone penetration test is a testing method in which a cone is coupled to the end portion of a rod and pressed into a seabed at a constant speed into a ground or a seabed to measure a tip resistance value, circumferential surface friction stress, and the like. Since the development in the 1930, cone penetration testers have been greatly improved in functions along with the development of equipment and measuring devices. Thanks to the advantage of being able to continuously investigate the characteristics of an original ground by using an automated measurement system, the cone penetration test has established itself as one of the representative ground investigation methods. The results of a test using the cone penetration tester are used to classify the soil quality of the ground by depth and determine engineering characteristics.

The tip resistance value and circumferential surface friction stress measured through the cone penetration test are obtained by using load cells which are attached to the cone tip and a friction sleeve, respectively. Standard cones with a cone cross-sectional area of 10 cm² and a circumferential friction surface of 150 cm² are generally used in cone penetration testers, and the use of large cones with a cone cross-sectional area of 15 cm² and a circumferential friction surface of 200 cm² is also increasing for large-depth investigation.

As the prior art of such cone penetration testers, Korea Patent No. 10-1580093 (published on Jan. 5, 2016), incorporated herein by reference, discloses a seabed-type marine ground cone penetration test device. This cone penetration test device may be installed stably on an uneven marine ground to maintain the verticality of a cone rod and prevent the flow of seawater from affecting test results, and may be used both in shallow and deep seas.

However, there is a problem in that, when pressing surfaces of guide rollers on opposite sides of the cone rod for penetration were worn, slip occurs between the cone rod and the guide rollers. That is, there is a problem in that, during the pressing of the cone rod with guide rollers on opposite sides for penetration or recovery of the cone rod, slip occurs between the cone rod and the pressing surfaces when the pressing surfaces of the guide rollers are worn, making penetration or recovery of the cone rod difficult.

In addition, there is a problem in that it is difficult to determine the degree of wear of the pressing surfaces of the guide rollers before visually checking the pressing surfaces.

DISCLOSURE OF INVENTION

Technical Problem

The present disclosure is to provide a cone penetration test device with a structure that is capable of making it possible to quickly and easily determine whether the pressing surface of each penetration roller, which presses either side of a rod with a cone coupled to the end portion thereof, to cause the cone to penetrate into a seabed or to recover the cone, thereby making it possible to determine whether each penetration roller should be replaced and to prevent slip between the pressing surface of each penetration roller and the rod.

Solution to Problem

In view of the foregoing, the present disclosure provides a penetration roller for a cone penetration test device having a structure for determining a replacement time and preventing slip. The cone penetration test device includes a frame configured to be seated on a seabed, support bodies coupled to the frame, and a pair of first and second penetration rollers provided inside the support bodies to rotate in a direction where the first and second penetration rollers are engaged with each other by a driving member provided on the support bodies, the penetration rollers being configured to press opposite sides of a rod having a cone probe coupled to an end portion thereof. The cone is configured to be penetrated into the seabed or recovered from the seabed depending on forward or reverse rotation of the first and second penetration rollers, the penetration roller. The first and second penetration rollers have concave pressing surfaces on outer circumferential surfaces thereof with a Same curvature as an outer circumferential surface of the rod and include anti-slip protrusions successively formed thereon such that, when the rod is pressed to move upward or downward, the anti-slip protrusions penetrate the outer circumferential surface of the rod while forming dug grooves thereon to prevent slip and to make it possible to determine, based on a depth of the dug grooves formed on the outer circumferential surface of the rod, whether the pressing surfaces are worn, thereby determining whether to replace the first and second penetration rollers.

The tips of the anti-slip protrusions have a line shape to dig into the outer circumferential surface of the rod when pressing the outer circumferential surface of the rod, so that the dug grooves can be formed in a triangular shape in cross section.

The tips of the anti-slip protrusions have a point shape to dig into the outer circumferential surface of the rod when pressing the outer circumferential surface of the rod, so that the dug grooves can be formed in a conical shape.

The penetration module may include a pressure regulation structure configured to regulate a pressing force applied to the outer circumferential surface of the rod by the second penetration roller. The pressure regulation structure may include: fixing blocks including actuating holes, respectively, which correspond to horizontal elongated holes formed in both of the support bodies so that the fixing blocks are coupled to outer portions of both of the support bodies, respectively; movable support blocks installed inside the actuating holes to rotatably support opposite ends of a roller shaft located in the actuating holes and to be movable in a horizontal direction within the actuating holes; adjustment bolts that penetrate one sides of the fixing blocks, respectively, such that one ends thereof are exposed to the actuating holes, respectively; and elastic bodies disposed between the ends of the adjustment bolts and the movable support blocks to elastically press the roller shaft as the adjustment bolts are tightened.

Advantageous Effects of Invention

According to the present disclosure, anti-slip protrusions are provided on the pressing surfaces of the first and second penetration rollers configured to move the rod having a cone probe coupled to the end portion thereof vertically downward to cause the rod be penetrated or to move the rod vertically upward to recover the rod. Thus, when the first and second penetration rollers on the opposite sides press the rod from the opposite sides and move the rod upward or downward, the anti-slip protrusions can dig into the outer circumferential surface of the rod, thereby preventing slip.

In addition, since it is possible to determine the wear of the anti-slip protrusions through the depth or the shape of the grooves formed on the outer circumferential surface of the rod, which was penetrated and then recovered, it is possible to determine the replacement time of the first and second penetration rollers.

In addition, since it is possible to determine a replacement time of the first and second penetration rollers based only on the dug grooves formed on the outer circumferential surface of the rod without recovering the cone penetration test device installed on a seabed, workability and convenience can be significantly improved.

In addition, by providing a pressure regulation structure on one penetration roller, it is possible to regulate the degree of processing the rod by the penetration roller.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

FIG. 1 is a perspective view illustrating a cone penetration test device to which a penetration module including a penetration roller having a structure for determining a replacement time and preventing slip according to the present disclosure is applied.

FIG. 2 is an exploded perspective view illustrating the penetration roller for the cone penetration test device having a structure for determining a replacement time and preventing slip and including the penetration module illustrated in FIG. 1.

FIG. 3 is a perspective view of the penetration module illustrated in FIG. 1 in the coupled state.

FIG. 4 is a partially enlarged cross-sectional front view illustrating the state in which both the penetration rollers illustrated in FIG. 2 press a rod.

FIG. 5 is a partially enlarged cross-sectional plan view illustrating the state in which both the penetration rollers illustrated in FIG. 2 press the rod.

FIG. is an enlarged view illustrating another embodiment of the anti-slip protrusions illustrated in FIG. 2

FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view illustrating a state in which the penetration module illustrated in FIG. 1 is provided with a pressure regulation structure.

DESCRIPTION OF REFERENCE NUMERALS OF MAIN PARTS IN DRAWINGS

• • 10: cone penetration test device, 14: cone penetration module, 20A: first penetration roller, 20B: second penetration roller
  • 22A, 22B: pressing surface, 24A, 24B: anti-slip protrusion
  • 24A-1, 24B-1: tip, 25,25A, 25B: roller shaft
  • 30: rod, 31: outer circumferential surface
  • 31A: dug groove, 50: pressure regulation structure
  • 52: fixed block, 52A: actuating hole
  • 54: movable support block, 56: adjustment bolt
  • 58: elastic body

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION

A cone penetration device of the present disclosure includes a frame configured to be seated on a seabed, support bodies coupled to the frame, and a pair of first and second penetration rollers provided inside the support bodies to rotate in a direction where the first and second penetration rollers are engaged with each other by a driving member provided on the support bodies, the penetration rollers being configured to press opposite sides of a rod having a cone probe coupled to an end portion thereof. The cone is configured to be penetrated into the seabed or recovered from the seabed depending on forward reverse rotation of the first and second penetration rollers. The first and second penetration rollers have concave pressing surfaces on outer circumferential surfaces thereof with a same curvature as an outer circumferential surface of the rod and include anti-slip protrusions successively formed thereon such that, when the rod is pressed to move upward or downward, the anti-slip protrusions penetrate the outer circumferential surface the rod while forming dug grooves thereon to prevent slip and to make it possible to determine, based on a depth of the dug grooves formed on the outer circumferential surface of the rod, whether the pressing surfaces are worn to identify whether to replace the first and second penetration rollers. Therefore, when the first and second penetration rollers on the opposite sides press the rod from the opposite sides to move the rod upward or downward, the anti-slip protrusions are capable of digging into the outer circumferential surface of the rod, thereby preventing slip. Since the replacement time of the first and second penetration rollers can be determined based only on the grooves formed on the outer circumferential surface of the rod without recovering the cone penetration test device installed on a seabed, workability and convenience can be significantly improved.

Detailed Description of Embodiments of the Invention

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present disclosure will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, in the following description of the present disclosure, descriptions of already well-known functions or constructions will be omitted in order to make the gist of the present disclosure clear.

In the attached drawings, FIG. 1 is a perspective view illustrating a cone penetration test device to which a penetration module including a penetration roller having a structure for determining a replacement time and preventing slip according to the present disclosure is applied, FIG. 2 is an exploded perspective view illustrating the penetration roller for the cone penetration test device having a structure for determining a replacement time and preventing slip and including the penetration module illustrated in FIG. 1, and FIG. 3 is a perspective view of the penetration module illustrated in FIG. 1 in the coupled state. In addition, FIG. 4 is a partially enlarged cross-sectional front view illustrating the state in which both the penetration rollers illustrated in FIG. 2 press a rod.

As illustrated in FIGS. 1 to 4, the penetration rollers for the cone penetration test device having a structure for determining a replacement time and preventing slip according to the present disclosure have concave pressing surfaces 22A or 22B formed on the outer circumferential surfaces thereof with a curvature equal to or larger than that of the outer circumferential surface 31 of the rod 30, and a plurality of anti-slip protrusions 24A and 24B successively formed on each of the pressing surfaces 22A and 22B.

This will be described in more detail.

The cone penetration test device 10 includes a frame 12 that is seated on a seabed, a plurality of bucket foundations 18 configured to fix the frame 12 to the seabed, a support 19 installed perpendicularly to the frame 12, a penetration module 14 including support bodies 14A installed on the top surface of the frame 12, and a pair of first and second penetration rollers 20A and 20B provided inside the support bodies 14 to be rotated by a driving member 16 in a direction where the first and second penetration rollers are engaged with each other.

The penetration module 14 operates to rotate the first and second penetration rollers 20A and 20B forward or backward in the direction in which the first and second penetration rollers 20A and 20B are engaged with each other by the driving member 16, so that the rod 30 having a cone probe coupled to the end portion thereof is moved vertically downward to penetrate into the seabed or moved vertically upward to be recovered from the seabed. A driving pinion 16A is coupled to a shaft of the driving member 16. A pair of driven gears 21A and 21B configured to mesh with each other are coupled to a shaft 25A of the first penetration roller 20A and a shaft 25B of the second penetration roller 20B.

The first and second penetration rollers 20A and 20B have concave pressing surfaces 22A and 22B formed on their outer circumferential surfaces with a curvature equal to or greater than that of the outer circumferential surface 31 of the rod 30. The reason why the pressing surfaces 22A and 22B are concave with a curvature equal to or greater than that of the outer circumferential surface 31 of the rod 30 is to increase the contact areas between the pressing surfaces 22A and 22B and the rod 30, thereby increasing the contact pressing force.

The anti-slip protrusions 24A and 24B provided on respective pressing surfaces 22A and 22B of the first and second penetration rollers 20A and 20B serve to dig into the outer circumferential surface of the rod 30 to form dug grooves 31A on the outer circumferential surface 31 of the rod 30, thereby preventing slip on the contact surfaces when pressing the rod 30 with the opposite first and second penetration rollers 20A and 20B to move the rod 30 upward or downward. Based on the depth of the grooves 31A formed on the outer circumferential surface 31 of the rod 30 as the rod 30 is pressed with the first and second penetration rollers 20A and 20B on opposite sides and moved upward or downward, it is determined whether the first and second penetration rollers 20A and 20B should be replaced by checking whether the anti-slip protrusions 24A and 24B formed on the pressure surfaces 22A and 22B are worn.

On the other hand, as illustrated in FIGS. 2 and 5, the tips 24A-1 and 24A-2 of the anti-slip protrusions 24A and 24B are formed in a line shape to dig into the outer circumferential surface 31 to form dug grooves 31A in a triangular shape in cross section when pressing the outer circumferential surface 31 of the rod 30. The tips 24A-1 and 24B-1 of the anti-slip protrusions 24A and 24B are sharply formed in the line shape, and the dug grooves 31A formed by the anti-slip protrusions 24A and 24B have a triangular shape extending from the inside to the outside.

The anti-slip protrusions 24A and 24B with the tips 24A-1 and 24B-1 having the line shape as described above are each provided in a direction that intersects the rod 20 at right angles as illustrated in FIGS. 2 and 5. The anti-slip protrusions 24A and 24B are arranged in the same direction as the rotation shafts of the first and second penetration rollers 20A and 20B, and come into contact with the rod 20 in a direction in which the anti-slip protrusions intersects the rod 20 at right angles. Since the pressing surfaces 22A and 22B are formed with a curvature equal to or greater than the curvature of the outer circumferential surface 31, the tips 24A-1 and 24B-1 of the linear anti-slip protrusions 24A and 24B formed in the line shape press the outer circumferential surface 31 of the rod 30 while surrounding the outer circumferential surface 31 of the rod 30 in a direction orthogonal to the longitudinal direction of the rod 30. Thus, slip does not occur between the pressing surfaces 22A and 22B and the outer circumferential surface 31, and dug grooves 31A are successively formed on the outer circumferential surface 31.

As illustrated in FIG. 6, another embodiment of the tips 24A-1 and 24B-1 of the above-described anti-slip protrusions 24A and 24B are formed in a point shape to dig into the outer circumferential surface 31 to form dug grooves 31A in a cone shape when pressing the outer circumferential surface 31 of the rod 30.

Of the first and second penetration rollers 20A and 20B, the pressing force applied by the second penetration roller 20B to the rod 30 is regulated by the pressure regulation structure 50, as illustrated in FIGS. 2 and 7.

The pressure regulation structure 50 includes fixed blocks 52, which include actuating holes 52A corresponding respectively to the horizontal elongated holes 14A-1 formed in opposite support bodies 14A so that the fixed blocks are coupled to the outsides of the support bodies 14A, respectively. The pressure regulation structure 50 includes movable support blocks 54 configured to rotatably support the opposite ends of the roller shaft 25B, respectively, and installed in the actuating holes 52A, respectively, to be movable in a horizontal direction, i.e., toward the first penetration roller 20A and in the opposite direction. The pressure regulation structure 50 includes adjustment bolts 56 which penetrate one sides of the fixing blocks 52, respectively, so that end portions thereof are exposed to the actuating holes 52A, respectively. The pressure regulation structure 50 includes elastic bodies 58 disposed between the end portions of the adjustment bolts 56 and the movable support blocks 54 to elastically press the opposite ends of the roller shaft 25B, respectively, when the adjustment bolts 56 are tightened. Elastic sheets may be further provided between the elastic bodies 58 and the adjustment bolts 56, respectively, to couple the adjustment bolts 56 and the elastic bodies 58.

The pressure regulation structure 50 is able to adjust the pressing force by, for example, pressing the second penetration roller 20B toward the rod 30 or releasing the pressing force through the operations of tightening and loosening the adjustment bolts 56. Since the adjustment bolts 56 press respectively the opposite ends of the second penetration roller 20B toward the rod 30 at the same time in the state in which the adjustment bolts 56 are tightened, the anti-slip protrusions 24B of the second penetration roller 20B are elastically brought into close contact with the outer circumferential surface of the rod 30, thereby further preventing slip.

The operation of the penetration roller for a cone penetration test device having a structure for determining a replacement time and preventing slip as described above will be described.

Before operating the penetration module 14, the adjustment bolts 56 are tightened or loosened to adjust the pressing force applied by the second penetration roller 20B to the rod 30.

Next, when the rod 30 to which a cone probe is coupled is penetrated or the penetrated rod 30 is recovered by using the penetration module 14, the driving member 16 is rotated in a forward or reverse direction.

For example, when the driving member 16 is rotated in the forward direction, the first and second penetration rollers 20A and 20B on opposite sides of the rod 30 rotate in a direction in which the penetration rollers are engaged with each other.

Through the above-described process, the concave pressing surfaces 22A and 22B of the first and second penetration rollers 20A and 20B, which rotate in the direction in which the penetration rollers are engaged with each other, are brought into close contact with and press the opposite sides of the outer circumferential surface 31 of the rod 30.

When the first and second penetration rollers 20A and 20B press the outer circumferential surface 31 from the opposite sides of the rod 30, each of the anti-slip protrusions 24A and 24B, which are successively formed on respective pressing surfaces 22A and 22B, digs into the outer circumferential surface 31 of the rod 30.

In this way, when the first and second penetration rollers 20A and 20B press opposite sides of the rod 30, the anti-slip protrusions 24A and 24B dig into the outer circumferential surface 31 of the rod 30. Thus, slip does not occur between the pressing surfaces 22A and 22B of the first and second penetration rollers 20A and 20B and the outer circumferential surface 31 of the rod 30.

Meanwhile, a worker determines the worn condition of the anti-slip protrusions 24A and 24B based on the depth of the dug grooves 31A formed on the outer circumferential surface 31 of the rod 30 as the anti-slip protrusions 24A and 24B dig into the outer circumferential surface 31 of the rod 30.

For example, when the dug grooves 31A have a triangular shape like the shape of the tips 24A-1 and 24B-1 of the anti-slip protrusions 24A and 24B, the anti-slip protrusions 24A and 24B are not worn. When the dug grooves 31A do not have the triangular shape and the inner portions are not sharp but have an arc shape, or when the dug grooves 31A are scratched or have a shallow depth, this means that the tips 24A-1 and 24B-1 of the anti-slip protrusions 24A and 24B are worn. Therefore, when it is determined that the tips 24A-1 and 24B-1 of the anti-slip protrusions 24A and 24B are worn, it can be determined whether the first and second penetration rollers 20A and 20B on the opposite sides should be replaced.

For this purpose, a comparison table may be created in which the shapes, depths, and the like of the dug grooves 31A are classified into several categories. After comparing the shape, the depth, or the like of the grooves 31A formed on the outer circumferential surface 31 of the rod 30 with the comparison table, a worker may determine the degree of wear of the tips 24A-1 and 24B-1 of the anti-slip protrusions 24A and 24B and may then determine whether to replace the first and second penetration rollers 20A and 20B.

As described above, since anti-slip protrusions 24A are 24B are provided on the pressing surfaces 22A and 22B of the first and second penetration rollers 20A and 20B of the penetration module 14, when the first and second penetration rollers 20A and 20B on the opposite sides press the rod 30 from the opposite sides to move the rod 30 upward or downward while being rotated, the anti-slip protrusions 24A and 24B dig into the outer circumferential surface 31 of the rod 30 and prevent slip.

Since the wear of the ant-slip protrusions 24A and 24B can be determined based on the depth, the shape, or the like of the dug grooves 31A formed on the outer circumferential surface of the rod 30 that was penetrated and then recovered, it is possible to determine the replacement time of the first and second penetration rollers 20A and 20B.

Industrial Applicability

The penetration roller for a cone penetration test device having a structure that makes it possible to determine a replacement time and prevents slip prevention structure according to the present disclosure includes protrusions successively provided on the pressing surface of each penetration roller to prevent slip when brought into contact with the rod and to make it possible to determine the replacement time of the cone penetration test based on the depth of the grooves dug into the outer circumferential surface of the rod. By providing the protrusions on the penetration roller, slip can be prevented, and the replacement time of the roller can be determined based on the depth of the grooves formed on the rod. Therefore, the penetration roller for a cone penetration test device having a structure that makes it possible to determine a replacement time and to prevent slip is capable of improving the performance of the cone penetration test device. Therefore, the present disclosure has industrial applicability.