METHOD OF MANUFACTURING NON-GLUED LAMINATED HORIZONTAL STRUCTURAL ELEMENT FOR WOOD CONSTRUCTION

Description

FIELD OF THE INVENTION

The present invention relates to timbers for wood construction, and more particularly to a method of manufacturing a non-glued laminated horizontal structural element for wood construction.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

In recent years, more and more high-rise and large-scale wood constructions are developed. The increasing demand for long-span and large-section structural elements has made structural laminated timbers a crucial material for modern wood construction.

Structural laminated materials include glued structural elements and non-glued structural elements. Further, the manufacture of glued structural elements requires many adhesives. The adhesives contain volatile organic compounds that are harmful to human health and are energy intensive to manufacture. Non-glued structural elements use fasteners as a means of fixing, instead of chemical adhesives, which won't cause health hazards due to volatile organic compounds and meets the requirements of low-carbon sustainable building materials.

However, in the non-glued structural elements, many fasteners are mounted into the wood laminas by applying external force so that the wood laminas are fixed. However, in the process of inserting the fasteners, a lot of internal stress will be introduced into the non-glued structural elements, which may lead to unexpected deformations to affect the structural stability of the structural elements, especially the levelness of the horizontal structural elements.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

In order to improve the stability of a non-glued laminated structural element, the primary object of the present invention is to provide a method of manufacturing a non-glued laminated horizontal structural element for wood construction, comprising the steps of stacking and fixing.

In the step of stacking, a plurality of wood laminas are stacked and arranged to form a wood construction structural element. The wood construction structural element has a first end, a second end opposite to the first end, and a middle portion between the first end and the second end. An axis is defined along the first end, the middle portion and the second end. The plurality of wood laminas have a plurality of first inclined holes in a row along the axis between the first end and the middle portion and a plurality of second inclined holes in a row along the axis between the second end and the middle portion.

In the step of fixing, a plurality of first fasteners are inserted into the first inclined holes sequentially and a plurality of second fasteners are inserted into the second inclined holes sequentially so that the plurality of wood laminas are fixed.

A further object of the present invention is to provide a method of manufacturing a non-glued laminated horizontal structural element for wood construction, comprising the steps of stacking and fixing. In the step of stacking, a plurality of wood laminas are stacked and arranged to form a wood construction structural element. The wood construction structural element has a plurality of first inclined holes and a plurality of second inclined holes opposite to the first inclined holes. In the step of fixing, a plurality of first fasteners are inserted into the first inclined holes sequentially from the inside out or from the outside in and a plurality of second fasteners are inserted into the second inclined holes sequentially from the inside out or from the outside in so that the plurality of wood laminas are fixed. In this way, the fasteners are inserted sequentially from the inside out or from the outside, thereby enhancing the stability of the structure.

Preferably, in the step of fixing, the plurality of first fasteners are inserted into the first inclined holes sequentially in a direction from the middle portion toward the first end, and the plurality of second fasteners are inserted into the second inclined holes sequentially in a direction from the middle portion toward the second end. By inserting the fasteners from the inside out, the phenomenon of pre-stress and pre-arching is eliminated, enabling the structure to be more stable and ensuring the levelness of the horizontal structural element effectively.

Alternatively, in the step of fixing, the plurality of first fasteners are inserted into the first inclined holes sequentially in a direction from the first end toward the middle portion, and the plurality of second fasteners are inserted into the second inclined holes sequentially in a direction from the second end toward the middle portion. By inserting the fasteners from the outside in, the pre-stress and pre-arching effect can be enhanced, thereby reducing the deflection deformation of the horizontal structural element under bending moments.

Preferably, in the step of stacking, the first inclined holes and the second inclined holes are in pairs so that the first inclined holes and the second inclined holes are arranged in a V shape or in an inverted V shape.

Preferably, in the step of fixing, the plurality of first fasteners and the plurality of second fasteners are inserted in turn.

Preferably, the first fasteners and the second fasteners are one of self-tapping screws and dowels.

Alternatively, the plurality of wood laminas are individually drilled to make the first inclined holes and the second inclined holes in advance, and then the plurality of wood laminas are stacked and arranged. The first inclined holes and the second inclined holes of one of the plurality of wood laminas correspond to the first inclined holes and the second inclined holes of an adjacent one of the plurality of wood laminas.

Preferably, in the step of stacking, the wood construction structural element is held by a clamp, and the plurality of wood laminas arranged in a stack are drilled to make the first inclined holes and the second inclined holes.

Preferably, the method further comprises the step of drilling the inclined holes. The plurality of wood laminas are stacked, arranged and held by a clamp, and then the plurality of wood laminas arranged in a stack are drilled to make the first inclined holes and the second inclined holes.

With the above technical features, the present invention can achieve the following effects:

• • 1. By inserting the fasteners sequentially, the stability of the structure is improved effectively, so that the horizontal structural element for wood construction are more practical.
  • 2. By inserting the fasteners from the inside out, the phenomenon of pre-stress and pre-arching is eliminated. The structure is more stable, ensuring the levelness of the horizontal structural element effectively. This is beneficial for subsequent wood construction because the pre-stressed deformation of the beams is lower and the horizontality of the floor slab will be easier to control.
  • 3. The first fasteners and the second fasteners can be inserted in turn from the inside out to eliminate the phenomenon of pre-stress and pre-arching.
  • 4. By inserting the fasteners from the inside out, the deformation of horizontal structural element can be reduced, which is beneficial for the fasteners to be inserted and mounted smoothly, thereby reducing excessive deformation or even breakage of the fasteners.
  • 5. The wood laminas can be drilled on by one to make the inclined holes, and then the wood laminas are arranged in a stack, such that the inclined holes can be formed more precisely, allowing for subsequent installation of larger-diameter fasteners. This is beneficial to enhance the structural strength of the horizontal structural element for wood construction.
  • 6. By inserting the fasteners from the outside in, the pre-stress and pre-arching effect can be enhanced, thereby reducing the deflection deformation of the horizontal structural element under bending moments.
  • 7. The first fasteners and the second fasteners can be inserted in turn from the outside in to enhance the pre-stress and pre-arching effect.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

FIG. 1 is a planar schematic view of the wood laminas arranged in a stack according to a first embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a side schematic view of the wood laminas arranged in a stack according to the first embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view according to the first embodiment of the present invention, illustrating that the wood laminas arranged in a stack are drilled for making holes;

FIG. 4 is a schematic view according to the first embodiment of the present invention, illustrating that the wood laminas are individually drilled for making holes;

FIG. 5 is a schematic view illustrating that the first fasteners and the second fasteners are mounted and arranged in a V shape according to the first embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a first schematic view illustrating the operation of mounting the first fasteners and the second fasteners from the inside out according to the first embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 7 is a second schematic view illustrating the operation of mounting the first fasteners and the second fasteners from the inside out according to the first embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 8 is a schematic view illustrating that the first fasteners and the second fasteners are mounted and arranged in an inverted V shape according to the first embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 9 is a first schematic view illustrating the operation of mounting the first fasteners and the second fasteners from the outside in according to a second embodiment of the present invention; and

FIG. 10 is a second schematic view illustrating the operation of mounting the first fasteners and the second fasteners from the outside in according to the second embodiment of the present invention.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

Embodiments of the present invention will now be described, by way of example only, with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be noted that, for ease of understanding, similar or identical component symbols will be used for similar functional components in each drawing.

FIG. 1 and FIG. 2 illustrate a first embodiment of the present invention. The present invention discloses a method of manufacturing a non-glued laminated horizontal structural element for wood construction. The method comprises the steps of stacking and fixing.

In the step of stacking, a plurality of wood laminas (1) are stacked and arranged to form a wood construction structural element (10). The plurality of wood laminas (1) are in the form of elongate laminas. The wood construction structural element (10) has a first end (11), a second end (12) opposite to the first end (11), and a middle portion (13) between the first end (11) and the second end (12). An axis (P) is defined along the first end (11), the middle portion (13) and the second end (12). Preferably, the plurality of wood laminas (1) are stacked and arranged in a manner that they are classified in advance through a classification method. For example, the plurality of wood laminas (1) are classified by a tap tone method for predicting the dynamic modulus of elasticity. The high-class wood laminas (1) are arranged on the relative outer side, and the low-class wood laminas (1) are arranged on the relative outer side. The wood laminas (1) with the same class are stacked and arranged symmetrically in pairs, thereby enhancing better bending strength.

Referring to FIG. 3, the wood construction structural element (10) is held by a clamp (S), such that the plurality of wood laminas (1) arranged in a stack can be drilled and machined quickly using a drilling device (such as a hand-held drilling machine). The plurality of wood laminas (1) are drilled to make a plurality of first inclined holes (14) in a row along the axis (P) between the first end (11) and the middle portion (13) and a plurality of second inclined holes (15) in a row along the axis (P) between the second end (12) and the middle portion (13). The plurality of first inclined holes (14) and the plurality of second inclined holes (15) are in pairs. The first inclined holes (14) and the second inclined holes (15) are arranged in a V shape. The angle between the central axis of the inclined holes and the central axis (L) may be approximately 45 degrees.

However, the implementation is not limited to this. As shown in FIG. 4, the plurality of wood laminas (1) may be drilled individually to make the first inclined holes (14) and the second inclined holes (15) in advance, and then the plurality of wood laminas (1) are stacked and arranged. The first inclined holes (14) and the second inclined holes (15) of one of the plurality of wood laminas (1) correspond to the first inclined holes (14) and the second inclined holes (14) of an adjacent one of the plurality of wood laminas (1). In this way, it is possible to avoid the deviation caused by the relative displacement of the plurality of wood laminas (1) due to the external force in the drilling process, so as to drill the holes in the plurality of wood laminas (1) more precisely.

However, it should be noted that the first inclined holes (14) and the second inclined holes (15) are not limited to a single row. The first inclined holes (14) and the second inclined holes (15) may be in multiple rows. For example, when the first inclined holes (14) and the second inclined holes (15) are in multiple rows, one row of the first and second inclined holes are arranged in a V shape and another row of the first and second inclined holes are arranged in an inverted V shape. The multiple rows of first and second inclined holes are arranged in a staggered manner, allowing for better fastening of the wood construction structural element (10) in subsequent steps.

Referring to FIG. 5, in the step of fixing, a plurality of first fasteners (2) and a plurality of second fasteners (3) are fixed into the first inclined holes (14) and the second inclined holes (15), respectively. The first fasteners (2) and the second fasteners (3) are selected from various fasteners such as self-tapping screws and dowels. If the fasteners are self-tapping screws, the spacing between the self-tapping screws is approximately 10 to 20 times the diameter of the self-tapping screws. If the fasteners are dowels, the spacing between the dowels is approximately 5 to 11 times the diameter of the dowels. The proper density of fasteners prevents splitting of wood laminas due to excessive fasteners, while taking into account both strength and construction difficulties.

Specifically, as shown in FIG. 6, the plurality of first fasteners (2) are inserted into the plurality of first inclined holes (14) sequentially in a direction from the middle portion (13) toward the first end (11), and the plurality of second fasteners (3) are inserted into the plurality of second inclined holes (15) sequentially in a direction from the middle portion (13) toward the second end (12), so that the plurality of wood laminas (1) are fixed. By inserting the fasteners from the inside out, the phenomenon of pre-stress and pre-arching is eliminated. The plurality of first fasteners (2) and the plurality of second fasteners (3) can be inserted in turn to eliminate the phenomenon of pre-stress and pre-arching. However, the implementation is not limited to this. As shown in FIG. 7, the plurality of first fasteners (2) are first inserted into the first inclined holes (14) sequentially from the inside out, and then the plurality of second fasteners (3) are inserted into the second inclined holes (15) sequentially from the inside out. It is worth mentioning that in this embodiment, the first fasteners (2) and the second fasteners (3) are inserted and arranged in a V shape, which is more convenient in construction, but no limited thereto. As shown in FIG. 8, the first fasteners (2) and the second fasteners (3) may be inserted and arranged in an inverted V shape.

In this embodiment, the wooden laminas (1) are in the form of common elongate laminas, so the fasteners are inserted sequentially from the middle portion toward the two ends, but the implementation is not limited to this. The wooden laminas (1) may be in different geometric shapes. For example, the wooden laminas (1) are in the form of circular or triangular laminas, and the fasteners are inserted from the center/inside toward the outside of the laminas, achieving the same purpose.

FIG. 9 and FIG. 10 illustrate a second embodiment of the present invention. The second embodiment is substantially similar to the first embodiment. The method comprises the steps of stacking and fixing. Since the step of stacking is same as that in the first embodiment, it will not be repeated here for simplicity. The main difference between the first and second embodiments is that the fasteners are inserted from the outside in, rather than from the inside out. This enhances the pre-stress and pre-arching effect, thereby reducing the deflection deformation of the horizontal structural element under bending moments.

Specifically, the plurality of first fasteners (2) are inserted into the plurality of first inclined holes (14) sequentially in a direction from the first end (11) toward the middle portion (13), and the plurality of second fasteners (3) are inserted into the plurality of second inclined holes (15) sequentially in a direction from the second end (12) toward the middle portion (13). Preferably, the plurality of first fasteners and the plurality of second fasteners can be inserted in turn to enhance the pre-stress and pre-arching effect.

Although particular embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail for purposes of illustration, various modifications and enhancements may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Accordingly, the present invention is not to be limited except as by the appended claims.