Methods and systems for indicating a clamping prediction

End effectors with closing mechanisms, and related tools and methods may be particularly beneficial when used for minimally invasive surgery. An example surgical tool comprises a first and second jaw movable between a closed grasped or clamped configuration and an open configuration. The tool further comprises a soft grip mode for grasping the tissue at a first force during which a separation parameter between the jaws is measured, and a therapeutic clamping mode in which the jaws clamp on the body tissue at a force greater than the grasping force. The methods comprise grasping the body tissue between jaw members, measuring the separation parameter between jaws, indicating on a user interface the separation parameter for comparison to a desired separation parameter, and then releasing the body tissue for repositioning or therapeutically clamping the body tissue in response to the separation parameter indication.

Systems for network risk assessment including processing of user access rights associated with a network of devices

Methods, systems, and apparatus, including computer programs encoded on computer storage media, for network risk assessment. One of the methods includes obtaining information describing network traffic between a plurality of network devices within a network. A network topology of the network is determined based on the information describing network traffic, with the network topology including nodes connected by an edge to one or more other nodes, and with each node being associated with one or more network devices. Indications of user access rights of users are associated to respective nodes included in the network topology. User interface data associated with the network topology is generated.

Method and apparatus for use with a radio distributed antenna system

Aspects of the subject disclosure may include, for example, receiving, by a network element of a distributed antenna system, a reference signal and a first modulated signal at a first carrier frequency, the first modulated signal including first communications data provided by a base station and directed to a mobile communication device. The element converts the first modulated signal at the first carrier frequency to the first modulated signal in a first spectral segment based on an analog signal processing of the first modulated signal and utilizing the reference signal to reduce distortion during the converting. The network element wirelessly transmits the first modulated signal at the first spectral segment to the mobile communication device. Other embodiments are disclosed.

Arbitration between voice-enabled devices

Architectures and techniques for selecting a voice-enabled device to handle audio input that is detected by multiple voice-enabled devices are described herein. In some instances, multiple voice-enabled devices may detect audio input from a user at substantially the same time, due to the voice-enabled devices being located within proximity to the user. The architectures and techniques may analyze a variety of audio signal metric values for the voice-enabled devices to designate a voice-enabled device to handle the audio input.

Method and apparatus for use with a radio distributed antenna system having an out-of-band reference signal

Aspects of the subject disclosure may include, for example, receiving, by a network element of a distributed antenna system, a reference signal, a control channel and a first modulated signal at a first carrier frequency, the first modulated signal including first communications data provided by a base station and directed to a mobile communication device. The instructions in the control channel direct the network element of the distributed antenna system to convert the first modulated signal at the first carrier frequency to the first modulated signal in a first spectral segment. The reference signal is received at an in-band frequency relative to the control channel. Other embodiments are disclosed.

Method, apparatus, and computer-readable storage medium for managing utilization of wireless resources between base stations

Aspects of the subject disclosure may include, for example, a wireless communication node that receives instructions in a control channel directing it to utilize a spectral segment at a first carrier frequency to communicate with a mobile communication device. Responsive to the instructions, the wireless communication node receives a modulated signal in the spectral segment at a second carrier frequency from the base station, the modulated signal including communications data provided by the base station. The wireless communication node down-shifts the modulated signal at the second carrier frequency to the first carrier frequency, and wirelessly transmits the modulated signal at the first carrier frequency to the mobile communication device. Other embodiments are disclosed.

Method and apparatus for use with a radio distributed antenna system having a clock reference

Aspects of the subject disclosure may include, for example, receiving, by a network element of a distributed antenna system, a clock signal, a control channel and a first modulated signal at a first carrier frequency, the first modulated signal including first communications data provided by a base station and directed to a mobile communication device. The clock signal synchronizes timing of digital control channel processing by the network element to recover instructions from the control channel. The instructions in the control channel direct the network element of the distributed antenna system to convert the first modulated signal at the first carrier frequency to the first modulated signal in a first spectral segment. Other embodiments are disclosed.

Method and apparatus for use with a radio distributed antenna system having an ultra-wideband control channel

Aspects of the subject disclosure may include, for example, receiving, by a network element of a distributed antenna system, a reference signal, an ultra-wideband control channel and a first modulated signal at a first carrier frequency, the first modulated signal including first communications data provided by a base station and directed to a mobile communication device. The instructions in the ultra-wideband control channel direct the network element of the distributed antenna system to convert the first modulated signal at the first carrier frequency to the first modulated signal in a first spectral segment. The reference signal is received at an in-band frequency relative to the control channel. Other embodiments are disclosed.

Method and apparatus for use with a radio distributed antenna system having an in-band reference signal

Aspects of the subject disclosure may include, for example, receiving, by a network element of a distributed antenna system, a reference signal, a control channel and a first modulated signal at a first carrier frequency, the first modulated signal including first communications data provided by a base station and directed to a mobile communication device. The instructions in the control channel direct the network element of the distributed antenna system to convert the first modulated signal at the first carrier frequency to the first modulated signal in a first spectral segment. The reference signal is received at an out of band frequency relative to the control channel. Other embodiments are disclosed.

Robot guided oblique spinal stabilization

A robotic system for performing minimally invasive spinal stabilization, using two screws inserted in oblique trajectories from an inferior vertebra pedicle into the adjacent superior vertebra body. The procedure is less traumatic than such procedures performed using open back surgery, by virtue of the robot used to guide the surgeon along a safe trajectory, avoiding damage to nerves surrounding the vertebrae. The robot arm is advantageous since no access is provided in a minimally invasive procedure for direct viewing of the operation site, and the accuracy required for oblique entry can readily be achieved only using robotic control. This robotic system also obviates the need for a large number of fluoroscope images to check drill insertion position relative to the surrounding nerves. Disc cleaning tools with flexible wire heads are also described. The drilling trajectory is determined by comparing fluoroscope images to preoperative images showing the planned path.