OPIOID OVERDOSE DETECTION USING PATTERN RECOGNITION

A system for generating an overdose risk score of a user includes a physiological sensor coupled to a wearable device and configured to detect attenuated light from a tissue site of the user and at least one hardware processor. The hardware processor can be configured to determine a plurality of parameters based on the attenuated light, determine a baseline risk, an instability index, an average slope, and desaturation pressure, and determine a weighted aggregate of the baseline risk, the instability index, the average slope, and the desaturation pressure for each of the plurality of parameters, determine an overdose risk score by determining a weighted aggregate of the plurality of parameters, determine an alarm level of a series of escalating alarm levels based on the overdose risk score, and implement intervention associated with the determined alarm level.

ELECTRODE SYSTEMS FOR ELECTROCHEMICAL SENSORS

An electrode system for an electrochemical sensor, such as a glucose sensor, is disclosed. The electrode system may include a working electrode, a reference electrode, and a counter electrode. The working electrode may comprise two layers of different metals, such as gold and platinum.

DIRECT BONDING METHODS AND STRUCTURES

Disclosed herein are methods for direct bonding. In some embodiments, the direct bonding method includes providing a first element having a first bonding surface, providing a second element having a second bonding surface, slightly etching the first bonding surface, treating the first bonding surface with a terminating liquid treatment to terminate the first bonding surface with a terminating species, and directly bonding the first bonding surface to the second bonding surface without the use of an intervening adhesive and without exposing the first bonding surface to plasma.

DIFFUSION BARRIERS AND METHOD OF FORMING SAME

An element that is configured to bond to another element to define a bonded structure is disclosed. The element can include a dielectric bonding layer having a cavity that extends at least partially through a thickness of the dielectric bonding layer from a surface of the dielectric bonding layer. The element can also include a conductive feature that is at least partially disposed in the cavity. The conductive feature has a contact surface. The element can include a diffusion barrier layer between the conductive feature and a portion of the dielectric bonding layer. The barrier layer includes a barrier metal. The barrier metal of the diffusion barrier layer has an oxidation propensity that is greater than an oxidation propensity of the conductive feature.

METHOD AND DEVICE FOR TRANSMITTING UART COMMUNICATIONS OVER A SECURITY SHORT RANGE WIRELESS COMMUNICATION

Disclosed is a modular surgical instrument, comprising a handle assembly comprising a handle assembly control circuit and a modular attachment. The modular attachment comprises a nozzle, and a shaft extending distally from the nozzle, the shaft defining a central longitudinal axis. The modular attachment further comprises an end effector distal to the shaft, the end effector comprising a sensor array. The modular attachment further comprises a modular attachment control circuit communicably coupled to the sensor array, and physically coupled to the shaft. The modular attachment control circuit is configured to rotate with the shaft relative to the handle assembly about the central longitudinal axis. The modular attachment control circuit is configured for wireless communication with the handle assembly control circuit.

Cartridge assemblies for surgical staplers

Surgical stapling devices are disclosed herein that improve on the disclosures of previous surgical stapling devices.

Staple cartridge identification systems

A surgical stapling system comprising an instrument interface comprising a control circuit and an RFID reader is disclosed. The surgical stapling system further comprises a shaft assembly comprising a shaft and an end effector. The end effector comprises a first jaw, a second jaw, an anvil, and a cartridge channel. The surgical stapling system further comprises a replaceable staple cartridge assembly removably positioned within the cartridge channel. The replaceable staple cartridge assembly comprises a cartridge body, a longitudinal slot, a plurality of staple cavities, a plurality of staples, and a staple cartridge retainer. The staple cartridge retainer comprises a rib, a body portion, and an RFID tag embedded within the body portion, wherein the RFID tag comprises a memory, wherein the memory comprises identifier information stored in the memory specific to the staple cartridge, and wherein the identifier information is accessible by the RFID reader.

Electrical lead arrangements for surgical instruments

A surgical instrument assembly comprising a shaft assembly, an articulation actuator, a firing member, and an articulation joint is disclosed. The articulation joint comprises an articulation support member. The surgical instrument assembly further comprises an end effector assembly comprising, a first jaw, a second jaw, and a distal spine portion, wherein the articulation support member is configured to laterally support the firing member during articulation of the end effector assembly relative to the shaft assembly. The distal spine portion comprises a distal support structure comprising a firing member slot and a lateral channel defined therein. The surgical instrument assembly further comprises an electrical system comprising an electrical lead extending through the articulation support member and through the lateral channel into the end effector assembly.

SURGICAL INSTRUMENT CARTRIDGE WITH UNIQUE RESISTOR FOR SURGICAL INSTRUMENT IDENTIFICATION

Systems, devices, and methods for identifying a staple cartridge installed in a surgical instrument described herein. In various aspects, a resistor is molded into the body of the staple cartridge. The resistor has a resistance value is associated with a type of staple cartridge. Further, the resistor may have the resistance value before it is molded into the cartridge body or the resistor may be trimmed to achieve the resistance value after molding. The surgical instrument may identify the type of staple cartridge installed therein by determining the resistance value of the resistor.

ALTERNATE MEANS TO ESTABLISH RESISTIVE LOAD FORCE

A surgical instrument includes a battery; a motor powered by the battery; an end effector configured to grasp tissue; and an actuator coupled to the end effector, wherein the motor is configured to cause the actuator to move to yield a surgical treatment of the tissue by the end effector. The surgical instrument further includes a control circuit, configured to: measure an activated battery voltage during an activation of the motor to move the actuator; identify a pulse width modulation (PWM) value associated with the motor activation; calculate an actuator velocity based on a sensed position change of the actuator; and calculate a resistive load force based on the activated battery voltage, the PWM value, and the actuator velocity.