ClassID:

85260

C01B2203/1058 - page 3 - CPC Classification

Classification description:

Integrated processes for the production of hydrogen or synthesis gas; Catalysts for performing the hydrogen forming reactions; Composition of the catalyst; Group VIII metal catalysts; Nickel or cobalt catalysts Nickel catalysts

Recent Application in this class:
#601
20100216041
2010-08-26

Extraction of Energy From Used Cooking Oil

#602
20100215568
2010-08-26

Process for producing hydrogen gas and carbon nanotubes from catalytic decomposition of ethanol

#603
20100213417
2010-08-26

Process and catalyst for hydrocarbon conversion

#604
20100210878
2010-08-19

Release and Recovery from Aliphatic Primary Amines or Di-Amines

#605
20100209337
2010-08-19

Reduced generation of ammonia in nickel catalyst of reformer

#606
20100207070
2010-08-19

Hydrocarbon-reforming catalyst and process for producing synthesis gas using the same

#607
20100200476
2010-08-12

WASTEWATER TREATMENT APPARATUS

#608
20100196833
2010-08-05

Combustible gas processing system and combustible gas processing method

#609
20100196770
2010-08-05

Fuel reformer catalyst

#610
20100196259
2010-08-05

CO2-Sorptive Pellets and Uses Thereof

#611
20100185023
2010-07-22

Process for the preparation of synthesis gas

#612
20100183928
2010-07-22

Hydrogen generation system, fuel cell system, and method for operation of hydrogen generation system

#613
20100181539
2010-07-22

System and method for dual fluidized bed gasification

#614
20100167919
2010-07-01

Hydrocarbon reforming catalyst, method of preparing the same and fuel cell including the hydrocarbon reforming catalyst

#615
20100167369
2010-07-01

Biomass As A Sustainable Energy Source

#616
20100166647
2010-07-01

METHOD FOR PRODUCING HYDROGEN-CONTAINING GAS

#617
20100160152
2010-06-24

Desulfurization system for hydrocarbon fuel

#618
20100159297
2010-06-24

HYDROCARBON REFORMING CATALYST, METHOD OF PREPARING THE HYDROCARBON REFORMING CATALYST, AND FUEL CELL EMPLOYING THE HYDROCARBON REFORMING CATALYST

#619
20100158769
2010-06-24

REFORMER

#620
20100150823
2010-06-17

Iron promoted nickel based catalysts for hydrogen generation via auto-thermal reforming of ethanol

#621
20100139166
2010-06-10

Dynamic composition for the removal of sulfur from a gaseous stream

#622
20100135896
2010-06-03

Catalyst for removal of sulfer from a gaseous stream

#623
20100133475
2010-06-03

Catalyst for removing metal carbonyl, process for producing mixed reformed gas containing hydrogen, process for removing metal carbonyl, and fuel cell system

#624
20100129284
2010-05-27

Method and apparatus for producing hydrogen and recovering carbon dioxide

#625
20100120926
2010-05-13

Processes for Gasification of a Carbonaceous Feedstock

#626
20100119894
2010-05-13

REFORMER SYSTEM, FUEL CELL SYSTEM, AND THEIR OPERATION METHOD

#627
20100119421
2010-05-13

Catalyst support, method of manufacturing the same, and reformer having the same

#628
20100111781
2010-05-06

HONEYCOMB STRUCTURE AND REACTOR USING HONEYCOMB STRUCTURE

#629
20100108948
2010-05-06

PROCESS TO PREPARE A MIXTURE OF HYDROGEN AND CARBON MONOXIDE

#630
20100105546
2010-04-29

Nickel-based reforming catalysts

#631
20100104899
2010-04-29

Unified fuel processing reactor for solid oxide fuel cell

#632
20100104897
2010-04-29

FUEL PROCESSING METHOD FOR SOLID OXIDE FUEL CELL SYSTEM

#633
20100092381
2010-04-15

Reactor system and method therefore

#634
20100074811
2010-03-25

INTEGRATED PROCESSES FOR GENERATING CARBON MONOXIDE FOR CARBON NANOMATERIAL PRODUCTION

#635
20100068572
2010-03-18

DESULFURIZATION AGENT FOR KEROSENE, METHOD FOR DESULFURIZATION AND FUEL CELL SYSTEM USING THE AGENT

#636
20100068130
2010-03-18

Process for the Production of Hydrogen Gas Employing a Thermally Stable Catalyst

#637
20100058665
2010-03-11

Method for the production of ethene and synthesis gas in circulating fluidized bed

#638
20100056648
2010-03-04

Processes and systems for production of liquefied petroleum gas (LPG)

#639
20100047636
2010-02-25

Hydrogen generating apparatus, method of operating hydrogen generating apparatus, and fuel cell system

#640
20100015023
2010-01-21

Catalyst for carbon monoxide conversion and method of carbon monoxide modification with the same

#641
20090324471
2009-12-31

Multiple stage method of reforming a gas containing tarry impurities employing a zirconium-based catalyst

#642
20090314993
2009-12-24

Catalyst for production of synthesis gas

#643
20090311150
2009-12-17

Chemical reactor including heat exchangers

#644
20090304569
2009-12-10

Activated ignition promoters for metal catalyzed reactions

#645
20090292030
2009-11-26

Process and apparatus for synthesis gas and hydrocarbon production

#646
20090280367
2009-11-12

Extraction of Energy From Used Cooking Oil

#647
20090269264
2009-10-29

Carbon Dioxide Reforming Catalyst and Method for Manufacturing the Same

#648
20090261020
2009-10-22

Nickel based catalyst using hydrotalcite-like precursor and steam reforming reaction of LPG

#649
20090232729
2009-09-17

Steam-hydrocarbon reforming method with limited steam export

#650
20090230359
2009-09-17

Steam-hydrocarbon reforming method with limited steam export

#651
20090220392
2009-09-03

INTEGRATED PROCESSES FOR GENERATING CARBON MONOXIDE FOR CARBON NANOMATERIAL PRODUCTION

#652
20090214987
2009-08-27

Method of preforming hydrocarbon by oxyhydrogen flame using two burners

#653
20090209412
2009-08-20

Attrition resistant fluidizable reforming catalyst

#654
20090208403
2009-08-20

Novel catalyst to manufacture carbon nanotubes and hydrogen gas

#655
20090208388
2009-08-20

INTEGRATED PROCESSES FOR GENERATING CARBON MONOXIDE FOR CARBON NANOMATERIAL PRODUCTION

#656
20090203519
2009-08-13

NON-POROUS CATALYSTS FOR CO2 SEQUESTRATION THROUGH DRY REFORMING

#657
20090202874
2009-08-13

Hydrogen purification membranes, components and fuel processing systems containing the same

#658
20090202873
2009-08-13

Hydrogen purification membranes, components and fuel processing systems containing the same

#659
20090180949
2009-07-16

System and process for making hydrogen from a hydrocarbon stream

#660
20090172996
2009-07-09

Ethanol as a feedstock for a BCTL facility

#661
20090158659
2009-06-25

Oxidative autothermal reformer and oxidative autothermal reforming method using the same

#662
20090155650
2009-06-18

SYSTEM AND PROCESS FOR GENERATING ELECTRICAL POWER

#663
20090155645
2009-06-18

SYSTEM AND PROCESS FOR GENERATING ELECTRICAL POWER

#664
20090155644
2009-06-18

SYSTEM AND PROCESS FOR GENERATING ELECTRICAL POWER

#665
20090155637
2009-06-18

SYSTEM AND PROCESS FOR GENERATING ELECTRICAL POWER

#666
20090126272
2009-05-21

Reactor vessel for performing a steam reforming reaction and a process to prepare synthesis gas

#667
20090123354
2009-05-14

Selective Oxidation Agent of Hydrocarbons to Synthesis Gas Based on Separate Particles of O-Carrier and Hydrocarbon Activator

#668
20090123348
2009-05-14

Steam reforming

#669
20090117024
2009-05-07

Process for the Production of Hydrogen with Co-Production and Capture of Carbon Dioxide

#670
20090111687
2009-04-30

Catalyst design and preparation process for steam-reforming catalysts

#671
20090104110
2009-04-23

Staged hydrocarbon/steam reformer apparatus and method

#672
20090104109
2009-04-23

Method of reforming hydrocarbon by oxyhydrogen flame using three-tube burner

#673
20090100754
2009-04-23

Method of removing carbon dioxide emissions from in-situ recovery of bitumen and heavy oil

#674
20090100752
2009-04-23

DEVICE FOR CONVERTING CARBONACEOUS MATTER INTO SYNTHESIS GAS AND ASSOCIATED METHODS

#675
20090087701
2009-04-02

Method of shutdown of reforming apparatus

#676
20090074634
2009-03-19

Method for producing nanocarbon and catalytic reaction device for producing nanocarbon

#677
20090068511
2009-03-12

CATALYST FOR REFORMER OF FUEL CELL, PREPARING METHOD THEREOF, AND REFORMER FOR FUEL CELL AND FUEL CELL SYSTEM INCLUDING SAME

#678
20090047554
2009-02-19

Fuel cell system and method of operating the fuel cell system

#679
20090047185
2009-02-19

HYDROGEN GENERATION SYSTEMS

#680
20090035192
2009-02-05

Catalytic EGR oxidizer for IC engines and gas turbines

#681
20090030240
2009-01-29

Conversion of carbon dioxide to dimethyl ether using bi-reforming of methane or natural gas

#682
20090025824
2009-01-29

Fuel filling and waste solution recovery apparatus and fuel vessel

#683
20090022654
2009-01-22

Method for reforming hydrocarbon gas by oxyhydrogen flame and apparatus for reforming hydrocarbon gas

#684
20090020174
2009-01-22

Systems and methods for generating hydrogen gas

#685
20080319093
2008-12-25

Conversion of carbon dioxide to methanol and/or dimethyl ether using bi-reforming of methane or natural gas

#686
20080305030
2008-12-11

Integrated processes for generating carbon monoxide for carbon nanomaterial production

#687
20080305029
2008-12-11

Integrated processes for generating carbon monoxide for carbon nanomaterial production

#688
20080305028
2008-12-11

Integrated processes for generating carbon monoxide for carbon nanomaterial production

#689
20080300130
2008-12-04

Catalyst for improving the adiabatic steam reforming of natural gas

#690
20080283798
2008-11-20

METHOD AND DEVICE FOR GENERATING HYDROGEN FROM SUBSTANCES CONTAINING GLYCEROL

#691
20080268304
2008-10-30

PLATE-TYPE REACTOR FOR FUEL CELL AND FUEL CELL SYSTEM THEREWITH

#692
20080268301
2008-10-30

Fuel reforming apparatus and its method of driving and fuel cell system including the apparatus

#693
20080265212
2008-10-30

Sulfur-tolerant and carbon-resistant catalysts

#694
20080263953
2008-10-30

Reformed gas production method and reformed gas production apparatus

#695
20080260628
2008-10-23

Ni-based catalyst for tri-reforming of methane and its catalysis application for the production of syngas

#696
20080241058
2008-10-02

PROCESS FOR PRODUCING HYDROGEN WITH PERMSELECTIVE MEMBRANE REACTOR AND PERMSELECTIVE MEMBRANE REACTOR

#697
20080237542
2008-10-02

Reactive flash volatilization of fluid fuels

#698
20080229662
2008-09-25

METHOD FOR VAPORISING AND REFORMING LIQUID FUELS

#699
20080226544
2008-09-18

PERMSELECTIVE MEMBRANE TYPE REACTOR AND METHOD FOR HYDROGEN PRODUCTION

#700
20080226517
2008-09-18

Catalytic Reactor

#701
20080224097
2008-09-18

Catalyst for Catalytic Partial Oxidation of Hydrocarbon, and Method for Producing Synthetic Gas

#702
20080210908
2008-09-04

Method for producing a hydrogen enriched fuel and carbon nanotubes using microwave assisted methane decomposition on catalyst

#703
20080210596
2008-09-04

Process and apparatus for converting natural gas to higher molecular weight hydrocarbons using microchannel process technology

#704
20080206613
2008-08-28

Reformer for fuel cell, and fuel cell system comprising the same

#705
20080199745
2008-08-21

Method of driving heating unit for reformer, and reformer and fuel cell system including the same

#706
20080197323
2008-08-21

Steam reforming

#707
20080187801
2008-08-07

FUEL OXIDIZING CATALYST, METHOD FOR PREPARING THE SAME, REFORMER INCLUDING THE SAME, AND FUEL CELL SYSTEM INCLUDING THE SAME

#708
20080181845
2008-07-31

Method and system for producing a hydrogen enriched fuel using microwave assisted methane plasma decomposition on catalyst

#709
20080179569
2008-07-31

Systems and processes for producing hydrogen and carbon dioxide

#710
20080173532
2008-07-24

Method and system for producing a hydrogen enriched fuel using microwave assisted methane decomposition on catalyst

#711
20080171247
2008-07-17

Reformer of fuel cell system

#712
20080171243
2008-07-17

Reaction vessel and reaction device

#713
20080170975
2008-07-17

Fuel reformer using radiation

#714
20080159938
2008-07-03

Hydrogen production

#715
20080152572
2008-06-26

Oil-based thermo-neutral reforming with a multi-component catalyst

#716
20080148636
2008-06-26

Catalytic microchannel reformer

#717
20080141951
2008-06-19

Heat transfer unit for steam generation and gas preheating

#718
20080141584
2008-06-19

Methods for Using a Catalyst Preburner in Fuel Processing Applications

#719
20080138273
2008-06-12

Wall flow reactor for hydrogen production

#720
20080135807
2008-06-12

Methods and systems for producing fuel for an internal combustion engine using a low-temperature plasma system

#721
20080131361
2008-06-05

Process and apparatus for the production of hydrogen gas

#722
20080107938
2008-05-08

Reforming reaction unit for reformer comprising preheater and method of manufacturing the same

#723
20080107934
2008-05-08

Reformer for fuel cell and fuel cell using the same

#724
20080107932
2008-05-08

Process for the conversion of oil-based liquid fuels to a fuel mixture suitable for use in solid oxide fuel cell applications

#725
20080102328
2008-05-01

Fuel processor for a fuel cell arrangement and a method of operating a fuel processor for a fuel cell arrangement

#726
20080102023
2008-05-01

REFORMING APPARATUS FOR FUEL CELLS

#727
20080081018
2008-04-03

Thermo-neutral reforming of petroleum-based liquid hydrocarbons

#728
20080076661
2008-03-27

Blended catalyst with improved performance

#729
20080069765
2008-03-20

Catalyst configuration and methods for syngas production

#730
20080057366
2008-03-06

Fuel supply assembly for supplying propane fuel to a fuel cell assembly and fuel cell system employing same

#731
20080044325
2008-02-21

Glycol recycle system

#732
20080039671
2008-02-14

Process for chemical conversions in membrane reactors and recovery of purified product

#733
20080028680
2008-02-07

Process to Prepare Synthesis Gas

#734
20080025903
2008-01-31

Methods and systems for generating polyols

#735
20080019902
2008-01-24

PROCESS FOR PRODUCING HYDROGEN

#736
20080003461
2008-01-03

Hydrogen generation apparatus incorporating a staged catalyst and method for using same

#737
20070297956
2007-12-27

Reactor with expandable structure providing improved heat transfer

#738
20070294942
2007-12-27

Use of Nanostructured Metal Catalysts for the Production of Syngas and Hydrogen-Rich Gaseous Mixtures

#739
20070289214
2007-12-20

Systems and methods for integration of gasification and reforming processes

#740
20070286797
2007-12-13

Process and device for producing hydrogen from organic oxygen compounds

#741
20070281203
2007-12-06

Catalyst for removing metal carbonyl, process for producing mixed reformed gas containing hydrogen, process for removing metal carbonyl, and fuel cells system

#742
20070264190
2007-11-15

Fixed-bed reactors and catalytic processes

#743
20070253886
2007-11-01

Carbon sequestration and dry reforming process and catalysts to produce same

#744
20070251387
2007-11-01

Hydrogen purification membranes, components and fuel processing systems containing the same

#745
20070243431
2007-10-18

Hydrogen-generating solid fuel cartridge

#746
20070238610
2007-10-11

Fuel reformer catalyst

#747
20070234640
2007-10-11

Supercritical process, reactor and system for hydrogen production

#748
20070231634
2007-10-04

Hydrogen generator and fuel cell system using the same

#749
20070227070
2007-10-04

Staged modular hydrocarbon reformer with internal temperature management

#750
20070197377
2007-08-23

Reforming catalyst composition

#751
20070191221
2007-08-16

Supported catalyst for stream methane reforming and autothermal reforming reactions

#752
20070190374
2007-08-16

CARBON MONOXIDE TRANSFORMING APPARATUS FOR FUEL CELL AND FUEL CELL POWER GENERATING SYSTEM

#753
20070186768
2007-08-16

RECOVERY OF WATER VAPOR USING A WATER VAPOR PERMEABLE MIXED ION CONDUCTING MEMBRANE

#754
20070186471
2007-08-16

STEAM REFORMING APPARATUS AND METHOD FOR STEAM REFORMING USING THE SAME, AND INDUSTRIAL FURNACE

#755
20070183967
2007-08-09

Composition and method for storing and releasing hydrogen

#756
20070183947
2007-08-09

Fuel reforming apparatus and manufacturing method thereof

#757
20070178339
2007-08-02

PARAFFINIC HYDROCARBON FOR FUEL CELL APPLICATION

#758
20070166580
2007-07-19

Fuel reforming system having movable heat source and fuel cell system comprising the same

#759
20070140954
2007-06-21

Process for the preparation hydrogen and a mixture of hydrogen and carbon monoxide

#760
20070130957
2007-06-14

Systems and methods for power generation and hydrogen production with carbon dioxide isolation

#761
20070129242
2007-06-07

Intermetallic compound NiAl catalyst for reforming methanol and methanol reforming method using same

#762
20070122666
2007-05-31

Method of operating fuel cell system and fuel cell system

#763
20070111055
2007-05-17

Reforming catalyst and method and apparatus for making and loading same

#764
20070100003
2007-05-03

Hybrid system for Gasification of Biomass and conversion to synthesis gas suitable for fuel synthesis, with 3 potential applications

#765
20070087935
2007-04-19

Micro reforming reactor for fuel cell and method of preparing the same

#766
20070082236
2007-04-12

Catalyst for reforming fuel and fuel cell system comprising the same

#767
20070072950
2007-03-29

Fuel reformer

#768
20070072019
2007-03-29

Catalyst for partial oxidation reforming of fuel and fuel reforming apparatus and method using the catalyst

#769
20070071663
2007-03-29

Fuel reforming apparatus with first pipe ends closed onto second pipe

#770
20070065358
2007-03-22

Catalyst for partial oxidation reforming of fuel and fuel reforming apparatus and method using the catalyst

#771
20070051042
2007-03-08

Apparatus and methods for gas separation

#772
20070049647
2007-03-01

Methanol feed for producing olefin streams

#773
20070036713
2007-02-15

Hydrocabron-decomposing catalyst, method for decomposing hydrocarbons using the catalyst, process for producing hydrogen using the catalyst, and power generation system

#774
20070036707
2007-02-15

Reformer and reforming process for production of hydrogen from hydrocarbon fuel

#775
20070034302
2007-02-15

Heat-resistant cast steel excellent in aged ductility and creep rupture strength for hydrogen producing reaction tubes

#776
20070025892
2007-02-01

Fuel cell reformer

#777
20070020161
2007-01-25

Catalyst for reformer used in fuel cell system, reformer, and fuel cell system comprising same

#778
20070015015
2007-01-18

Solid oxide fuel cell

#779
20070003478
2007-01-04

Synthesis gas production and use

#780
20070000454
2007-01-04

Hydrogen fuel supply system

#781
20060286417
2006-12-21

Fuel cell system

#782
20060280998
2006-12-14

Method of dry reforming a reactant gas with intermetallic catalyst

#783
20060260194
2006-11-23

Process to prepare synthesis gas

#784
20060228286
2006-10-12

Method for producing nanocarbon and catalytic reaction device for producing nanocarbon

#785
20060216562
2006-09-28

Integrated fuel cell system

#786
20060216228
2006-09-28

Hydrogen generation

#787
20060216227
2006-09-28

Catalysts for hydrogen production

#788
20060213369
2006-09-28

Hydrogen purification membranes, components and fuel processing systems containing the same

#789
20060207178
2006-09-21

Renewable energy operated hydrogen reforming system

#790
20060198782
2006-09-07

Nickel oxide nanoparticles as catalyst precursor for hydrogen production

#791
20060194085
2006-08-31

Reformer for fuel cell system and fuel cell system having the same

#792
20060191201
2006-08-31

Reactor for performing a steam reforming reaction and a process to prepare synthesis gas

#793
20060179717
2006-08-17

Reformer and method of making the same

#794
20060171880
2006-08-03

Compact steam reformer with metal monolith catalyst and method of producing hydrogen using the same

#795
20060159970
2006-07-20

Flux control apparatus and fuel cell system

#796
20060154123
2006-07-13

Burner for a reformer of a fuel cell system, and reformer and fuel cell system with the same

#797
20060143980
2006-07-06

Reactor and process for making synthesis gas

#798
20060140843
2006-06-29

Macroporous structures for heterogeneous catalyst support

#799
20060133993
2006-06-22

Hydrocarbon fuel process using fuels with high autoignition temperature

#800
20060133992
2006-06-22

Hydrocarbon fuel processor and fuel useable therein

#801
20060130400
2006-06-22

Device and method for producing hydrogen without the formation of carbon dioxide

#802
20060127656
2006-06-15

Catalytic membrane reactor

#803
20060093550
2006-05-04

High temperature stable non-noble metal catalyst, process for production of syngas using said catalyst

#804
20060045844
2006-03-02

Hydrogen production process

#805
20060045828
2006-03-02

Catalytic reactor

#806
20060039854
2006-02-23

Catalyst for partial oxidation reforming of fuel and fuel reforming apparatus and method using the catalyst

#807
20060029541
2006-02-09

Method and apparatus for obtaining enhanced production rate of thermal chemical reactions

#808
20060018824
2006-01-26

Production of hydrogen from non-cyclic organic substances having multiple alcohol functionality

#809
20060018823
2006-01-26

Plasma-catalytic conversion of carbonaceous matters

#810
20060014057
2006-01-19

Apparatus and method for controlling kinetic rates for internal reforming of fuel in solid oxide fuel cells

#811
20060008413
2006-01-12

Catalyst and process for improving the adiabatic steam-reforming of natural gas

#812
20050287401
2005-12-29

Fuel cell reformer and system

#813
20050271924
2005-12-08

Systems and methods to generate hydrogen and electrical power in a reversible compound fuel cell

#814
20050271913
2005-12-08

Adsorbent for removing sulfur compound, process for producing hydrogen and fuel cell system

#815
20050271907
2005-12-08

Reformer and fuel cell system having the same

#816
20050271572
2005-12-08

Activated ignition promoters for metal catalyzed reactions

#817
20050250863
2005-11-10

Catalyst

#818
20050239909
2005-10-27

Autothermal reformer reactor processes

#819
20050238574
2005-10-27

High performance water gas shift catalyst and a method of preparing the same

#820
20050229491
2005-10-20

Systems and methods for generating hydrogen from hycrocarbon fuels

#821
20050220695
2005-10-06

Carbon sequestration and dry reforming process and catalysts to produce same

#822
20050214203
2005-09-29

Catalyst-containing reaction accelerator and steam reforming method using hydrocarbon

#823
20050207970
2005-09-22

Process for improving prereforming and reforming of natural gas containing higher hydrocarbons along with methane

#824
20050201929
2005-09-15

Integration of hydrogen and power generation using pressure swing reforming

#825
20050188843
2005-09-01

Hydrogen purification membranes, components and fuel processing systems containing the same

#826
20050181248
2005-08-18

Integrated fuel cell system

#827
20050158236
2005-07-21

Process and reactor module for quick start hydrogen production

#828
20050137271
2005-06-23

Process for the catalytic oxidation of hydrocarbons

#829
20050113467
2005-05-26

System and method for extracting energy from agricultural waste

#830
20050014104
2005-01-20

Firing furnace and firing method

#831
19076057
2025-09-16

Preparation method of Ni-based high-entropy oxide catalyst and its application in carbon dioxide reforming of methane to prepare syngas

#832
18774551
2025-02-04

Fibrous silica zinc oxide-supported nickel catalyst for dry reforming of methane and methods of preparation thereof

#833
18746132
2024-12-10

Hydrogen production by red mud-supported nickel-based catalysts and methods of preparation thereof

#834
18638330
2025-05-13

Syngas and method of making the same

#835
17881478
2023-03-21

Syngas generation for gas-to-liquid fuel conversion

#836
17315263
2024-12-24

Systems and methods for producing synthesis gas

#837
16047232
2020-04-28

Syngas generation for gas-to-liquid fuel conversion

#838
14698541
2019-04-23

Process for generating hydrogen from heavy oil or hydrocarbons