ClassID:

104993

C09K2208/26 - page 2 - CPC Classification

Classification description:

Aspects relating to compositions of drilling or well treatment fluids Gel breakers other than bacteria or enzymes

Recent Application in this class:
#301
20160168455
2016-06-16

Fracturing or gravel-packing fluid with CMHEC in brine

#302
20160168444
2016-06-16

Methods of designing an invert emulsion fluid having high associative stability

#303
20160160108
2016-06-09

Solids-free diverting agents and methods related thereto

#304
20160160107
2016-06-09

Controlling flow in downhole operations

#305
20160152884
2016-06-02

ACID PRECURSOR IN DIVALENT BRINES FOR CLEANING UP WATER-BASED FILTER CAKES

#306
20160145484
2016-05-26

Packing fluids and methods

#307
20160137913
2016-05-19

Self-suspending proppants for hydraulic fracturing

#308
20160130497
2016-05-12

Encapsulated internal filter cake breakers with improved release properties

#309
20160122625
2016-05-05

Hydrolyzable compounds for treatment of a subterranean formation and methods of using the same

#310
20160122613
2016-05-05

Drilling fluid composition including viscosifier and method of using the same

#311
20160115374
2016-04-28

Fracturing fluid viscosity-controlling agent to be used in hydraulic fracturing

#312
20160083644
2016-03-24

Fracturing or gravel-packing fluid with CMHEC in brine

#313
20160075942
2016-03-17

Breakers containing iron compounds and their methods of use

#314
20160075941
2016-03-17

Infused and coated proppant containing chemical treatment agents and methods of using same

#315
20160024891
2016-01-28

Methods and compositions related to gelled layers in oil and/or gas wells

#316
20160024890
2016-01-28

Methods and compositions related to gelled layers in oil and/or gas wells

#317
20160009985
2016-01-14

Promoters for peroxides in aqueous treatment fluids

#318
20150376494
2015-12-31

Multi-component materials for breaker activity control

#319
20150369027
2015-12-24

WELL TREATMENT METHOD AND SYSTEM

#320
20150329763
2015-11-19

Stabilization of polyacrylamide emulsion formulations

#321
20150307769
2015-10-29

Permeability of subterranean reservoirs using acid diversion

#322
20150300131
2015-10-22

Self-degradable hydraulic diversion systems and methods for making and using same

#323
20150275634
2015-10-01

Surfactant assisted oil recovery using alcohol ether sulfonates and cationic surfactants

#324
20150275064
2015-10-01

Method of chemically delaying peroxygen based viscosity reduction reactions

#325
20150267105
2015-09-24

ANIONIC POLYSACCHARIDE POLYMERS FOR VISCOSIFIED FLUIDS

#326
20150240149
2015-08-27

Well treatment methods and fluids

#327
20150197686
2015-07-16

Treatment fluids comprising viscosifying agents and methods of using the same

#328
20150175877
2015-06-25

ENVIRONMENTALLY ACCEPTABLE MULTIFUNCTIONAL ADDITIVE

#329
20150166876
2015-06-18

Polymer composition for inhibiting the formation of inorganic and/or organic deposits in underground formations

#330
20150131789
2015-05-14

Destination device billing according to call recipient

#331
20150129231
2015-05-14

Method of treating produced or flowback water with nucleophilic agent to deactivate breaker

#332
20150114648
2015-04-30

Parylene coated chemical entities for downhole treatment applications

#333
20150096751
2015-04-09

Hydraulic fracturing composition, method for making and use of same

#334
20150068749
2015-03-12

Method, apparatus, and composition for increased recovery of hydrocarbons by paraffin and asphaltene control from reaction of fuels and selective oxidizers in the subterranean environment

#335
20150060067
2015-03-05

Method of fracturing with non-derivatized guar containing fluid

#336
20150057197
2015-02-26

Use of oil-soluble surfactants as breaker enhancers for VES-gelled fluids

#337
20150000910
2015-01-01

Methods for improved proppant suspension in high salinity, low viscosity subterranean treatment fluids

#338
20140374099
2014-12-25

Invert emulsion for swelling elastomer and filtercake removal in a well

#339
20140371485
2014-12-18

Synthetic acid and associated methods

#340
20140364345
2014-12-11

Compositions, systems and methods of making coated additive components

#341
20140353042
2014-12-04

Self-triggering lost circulation control in carbonate formation

#342
20140349897
2014-11-27

Treatment fluids with non-oxidizer class inorganic peroxide polymer breakers and methods of use thereof

#343
20140332214
2014-11-13

Hydraulic fracturing composition, method for making and use of same

#344
20140318795
2014-10-30

Compositions and methods for breaking hydraulic fracturing fluids

#345
20140303046
2014-10-09

Wellbore servicing materials and methods of making and using same

#346
20140284059
2014-09-25

Amide branched aromatic gelling agents

#347
20140251610
2014-09-11

Method of enhancing fracture conductivity

#348
20140196897
2014-07-17

Oxidative internal breaker system with breaking activators for viscoelastic surfactant fluids

#349
20140106992
2014-04-17

INVERT EMULSION WITH ENCAPSULATED BREAKER FOR WELL TREATMENT

#350
20140087979
2014-03-27

Invert emulsion based completion and displacement fluid and method of use

#351
20140064469
2014-03-06

Destination device billing according to call recipient

#352
20140041877
2014-02-13

Well treatment fluids containing an ylide or a vitamin B and methods of using the same

#353
20140041690
2014-02-13

Synthetic acid and associated methods

#354
20140034323
2014-02-06

Methods and compositions for the controlled crosslinking and viscosifying of well servicing fluids utilizing mixed borate hydrocarbon-based suspensions

#355
20140000897
2014-01-02

Fracturing fluids and methods for treating hydrocarbon-bearing formations

#356
20140000890
2014-01-02

Fracturing fluids and methods for treating hydrocarbon-bearing formations

#357
20130338048
2013-12-19

Breakers for gelled fracturing fluids

#358
20130333888
2013-12-19

SELF-DEGRADING IONICALLY CROSS-LINKED BIOPOLYMER COMPOSITION FOR WELL TREATMENT

#359
20130324445
2013-12-05

Microemulsion and nanoemulsion breaker fluids with organic peroxides

#360
20130306321
2013-11-21

LIQUEFIED INDUSTRIAL GAS BASED SOLUTION IN HYDRAULIC FRACTURING

#361
20130190215
2013-07-25

Breaking viscoelastic surfactant gelled fluids using breaker nanoparticles

#362
20130165352
2013-06-27

Well treatment fluid compositions and methods of use that include a delayed release percarbonate formulation

#363
20130157905
2013-06-20

Method for the removal or suppression of interfering metal ions using environmentally friendly competitive binders

#364
20130137610
2013-05-30

Dual-functional breaker for hybrid fluids of viscoelastic surfactant and polymer

#365
20130133892
2013-05-30

Breaking diutan with oxalic acid at 180° F to 220° F

#366
20130133890
2013-05-30

ALKALINE PERSULFATE FOR LOW-TEMPERATURE BREAKING OF MULTI-CHAIN POLYMER VISCOSIFIED FLUID

#367
20130130943
2013-05-23

Mono- and polyenoic acid and metal particle mixtures for breaking VES-gelled fluids

#368
20130123150
2013-05-16

METALLIC PARTICLE INDUCED SAPONIFICATION OF FATTY ACIDS AS BREAKERS FOR VISCOELASTIC SURFACTANT-GELLED FLUIDS

#369
20130118759
2013-05-16

Agents for enhanced degradation of controlled electrolytic material

#370
20130112413
2013-05-09

Controlled release breaker composition for oil field applications

#371
20130098611
2013-04-25

Alkaline persulfate for low-temperature breaking of polymer viscosified fluid

#372
20130081819
2013-04-04

Breaking pumpable hydrocarbon gels

#373
20130000915
2013-01-03

COMPOSITIONS AND PROCESSES FOR FRACTURING SUBTERRANEAN FORMATIONS

#374
20120329685
2012-12-27

Particles slurried in oil for viscoelastic surfactant gelled fluids

#375
20120329684
2012-12-27

Polymeric gel system and methods for making and using same in hydrocarbon recovery

#376
20120325482
2012-12-27

Alkaline persulfate for low-temperature breaking of multi-chain polymer viscosified fluid

#377
20120318514
2012-12-20

METHODS OF TREATING A SUBTERRANEAN FORMATION CONTAINING HYDROCARBONS

#378
20120305247
2012-12-06

PROPPANT PILLAR PLACEMENT IN A FRACTURE WITH HIGH SOLID CONTENT FLUID

#379
20120302470
2012-11-29

Compositions, methods, apparatus, and systems for incorporating bio-derived materials in drilling and hydraulic fracturing

#380
20120283154
2012-11-08

Saponified fatty acids as breakers for viscoelastic surfactant-gelled fluids

#381
20120247776
2012-10-04

Hydrocarbon-based fracturing fluid compositions, methods of preparation and methods of use

#382
20120247774
2012-10-04

Slow release breaker treatment fluids and their associated methods of use

#383
20120245060
2012-09-27

Cross-linkers for hydraulic fracturing fluid

#384
20120241158
2012-09-27

Radical trap in oil and gas stimulation operations

#385
20120241153
2012-09-27

Method of enhancing fracture conductivity

#386
20120234544
2012-09-20

DEGRADABLE GELS IN ZONAL ISOLATION APPLICATIONS

#387
20120208729
2012-08-16

Polymeric acid precursor compositions and methods

#388
20120190595
2012-07-26

Carboxylic acid and oxidizer clean-up compositions and associated methods of use in subterranean applications

#389
20120181035
2012-07-19

Methods of preparing degradable materials

#390
20120134483
2012-05-31

Destination device billing according to call recipient

#391
20120130030
2012-05-24

Polycarboxylic acid gelling agents

#392
20120000652
2012-01-05

Well treatment fluid

#393
20110278012
2011-11-17

Fracture clean-up by electro-osmosis

#394
20110278008
2011-11-17

WELL TREATMENT FLUID COMPOSITIONS AND METHODS OF USE THAT INCLUDE A DELAYED RELEASE PERCARBONATE FORMULATION

#395
20110253365
2011-10-20

Methods for removing residual polymer from a hydraulic fracture

#396
20110251111
2011-10-13

Foaming agent for subterranean formations treatment, and methods of use thereof

#397
20110247821
2011-10-13

Compositions and method for breaking hydraulic fracturing fluids

#398
20110245113
2011-10-06

Method of subterranean formation treatment

#399
20110224110
2011-09-15

Particles in Oil for Viscoelastic Surfactant Gelled Fluids

#400
20110214874
2011-09-08

Non-aqueous breaker fluids and methods of use thereof

#401
20110214862
2011-09-08

PARTICULATE BRIDGING AGENTS USED FOR FORMING AND BREAKING FILTERCAKES ON WELLBORES

#402
20110152133
2011-06-23

COMPOSITIONS AND METHODS FOR BREAKING A VISCOSITY INCREASING POLYMER AT VERY LOW TEMPERATURE USED IN DOWNHOLE WELL APPLICATIONS

#403
20110152132
2011-06-23

Compositions and methods for breaking a viscosity increasing polymer at very low temperature used in downhole well applications

#404
20110105370
2011-05-05

BREAKERS FOR GELLED FRACTURING FLUIDS

#405
20110100629
2011-05-05

Methods of using hydrocarbon gelling agents as self-diverting scale inhibitors

#406
20110088888
2011-04-21

System, method, and apparatus for breaking fracturing fluids

#407
20110059883
2011-03-10

Methods to Improve the Compatibility and Efficiency of Powdered Versions of Microfibrous Cellulose

#408
20110053809
2011-03-03

Degradable non-aqueous gel systems

#409
20110042078
2011-02-24

Viscosity reducer for water-based muds

#410
20110030953
2011-02-10

Gelled liquid hydrocarbon treatment fluids and their associated methods of use

#411
20110030952
2011-02-10

Methods of gravel packing long interval wells

#412
20110017457
2011-01-27

ENVIRONMENTAL COMPOSITIONS AND METHODS FOR WELL TREATMENT

#413
20110005969
2011-01-13

Compositions and processes for fracturing subterranean formations

#414
20100323929
2010-12-23

Methods for treating a well with a cross-linked water-soluble polymer-complexed metal cation network and an aromatic compound capable of forming a chelating agent to uncross-link the polymer

#415
20100314113
2010-12-16

Dual-functional breaker for hybrid fluids of viscoelastic surfactant and polymer

#416
20100300967
2010-12-02

Breaker fluids and methods of using the same

#417
20100298177
2010-11-25

Methods for treating a well using a treatment fluid containing a water-soluble polysaccharide, a water-soluble salt, and urea

#418
20100270022
2010-10-28

Deep Water Completions Fracturing Fluid Compositions

#419
20100270017
2010-10-28

Delayed breaker

#420
20100261624
2010-10-14

Unsaturated fatty acids and mineral oils as internal breakers for VES-gelled fluids

#421
20100261622
2010-10-14

Methods and compositions for fracturing subterranean formations

#422
20100252266
2010-10-07

Organic acid treating fluids with viscoelastic surfactants and internal breakers

#423
20100252264
2010-10-07

Method of treating a subterranean formation with combined breaker and fluid loss additive

#424
20100248998
2010-09-30

Process for the production of a granule of a coated oxidizing compound such granule and uses of the granule

#425
20100248997
2010-09-30

Treatment and reuse of oilfield produced water for operations in a well

#426
20100234248
2010-09-16

Saponified fatty acids as breakers for viscoelastic surfactant-gelled fluids

#427
20100222242
2010-09-02

Oil-field viscosity breaker method utilizing a peracid

#428
20100216672
2010-08-26

Treatment fluids comprising relative permeability modifiers and methods of use

#429
20100204069
2010-08-12

METHOD OF STIMULATING SUBTERRANEAN FORMATION USING LOW pH FLUID

#430
20100197531
2010-08-05

Use of oil-soluble surfactants as breaker enhancers for VES-gelled fluids

#431
20100197528
2010-08-05

Degradable gels in zonal isolation applications

#432
20100190664
2010-07-29

Invert emulsion based completion and displacement fluid and method of use

#433
20100163228
2010-07-01

Internal breaker for oilfield treatments

#434
20100160189
2010-06-24

Method and composition for removing filter cake

#435
20100132948
2010-06-03

Delayed breaking of well treatment fluids

#436
20100126723
2010-05-27

Fluid loss control

#437
20100101796
2010-04-29

Hydrocarbon-based fracturing fluid compositions, methods of preparation and methods of use

#438
20100099587
2010-04-22

Carboxylic acid and oxidizer clean-up compositions and associated methods of use in subterranean applications

#439
20100089580
2010-04-15

Method of enhancing fracture conductivity

#440
20100084134
2010-04-08

Fracturing method and apparatus utilizing gelled isolation fluid

#441
20100071957
2010-03-25

Drilling fluids for oil and gas reservoirs with high carbonate contents

#442
20100056400
2010-03-04

Use of Mineral Oils to Reduce Fluid Loss for Viscoelastic Surfactant Gelled Fluids

#443
20100056399
2010-03-04

Polyelectrolyte complexes for oil and gas applications

#444
20100051263
2010-03-04

Method for breaking fracturing fluids

#445
20100048431
2010-02-25

Methods and compositions for treating subterranean formations

#446
20100044049
2010-02-25

Green coal bed methane fracturing fluid compositions, methods of preparation and methods of use

#447
20100018705
2010-01-28

Liquid breaker for acid fracturing fluids

#448
20100010106
2010-01-14

Metal-mediated viscosity reduction of fluids gelled with viscoelastic surfactants

#449
20090318313
2009-12-24

Slickwater treatment fluid and method

#450
20090312203
2009-12-17

Viscosity enhancers for viscoelastic surfactant stimulation fluids

#451
20090305914
2009-12-10

Phosphorus-Free Gelled Hydrocarbon Compositions and Method for Use Thereof

#452
20090272534
2009-11-05

Methods of using viscoelastic surfactant gelled fluids to pre-saturate underground formations

#453
20090247430
2009-10-01

Elongated particle breakers in low pH fracturing fluids

#454
20090221453
2009-09-03

Treatment Fluid With Oxidizer Breaker System and Method

#455
20090095472
2009-04-16

Well treatment fluid compositions and methods of use that include a delayed release percarbonate formulation

#456
20090082228
2009-03-26

Viscosity reduction

#457
20090062157
2009-03-05

Methods and compositions related to the degradation of degradable polymers involving dehydrated salts and other associated methods

#458
20090008093
2009-01-08

Proppants for gel clean-up

#459
20080305971
2008-12-11

Polysaccharide treatment fluid and method of treating a subterranean formation

#460
20080300152
2008-12-04

Methods and compositions for crosslinking polymers with boronic acids

#461
20080296022
2008-12-04

Method for treating subterranean formation

#462
20080289828
2008-11-27

Methods of limiting leak off and damage in hydraulic fractures

#463
20080279347
2008-11-13

Destination device billing according to call recipient

#464
20080271888
2008-11-06

Methods of Using Viscoelastic Surfactant Gelled Fluids to Pre-Saturate Underground Formations

#465
20080269081
2008-10-30

Internal breakers for viscoelastic surfactant fluids

#466
20080251252
2008-10-16

Polymeric gel system and methods for making and using same in hydrocarbon recovery

#467
20080227672
2008-09-18

Unsaturated fatty acids and mineral oils as internal breakers for VES-gelled fluids

#468
20080217012
2008-09-11

Gelled emulsions and methods of using the same

#469
20080217011
2008-09-11

Methods for treating a subterranean formation with a treatment fluid containing a gelling agent and subsequently breaking the gel with an oxidizer

#470
20080210424
2008-09-04

Apparatus and Method of Fracturing

#471
20080202758
2008-08-28

Method for using and transporting a non-emulsified organic peroxide-containing composition

#472
20080202744
2008-08-28

Methods and compositions for fracturing subterranean formations

#473
20080200354
2008-08-21

Breaker and displacement fluid and method of use

#474
20080194432
2008-08-14

Method for breaking the viscosity of polymer-thickened aqueous systems for mineral oil and natural gas exploration

#475
20080190609
2008-08-14

Methods for reducing the viscosity of treatment fluids comprising diutan

#476
20080182762
2008-07-31

Rheology controlled heterogeneous particle placement in hydraulic fracturing

#477
20080176770
2008-07-24

Compositions and methods for breaking a viscosity increasing polymer at very low temperature used in downhole well applications

#478
20080173452
2008-07-24

Compositions and methods for breaking a viscosity increasing polymer at very low temperature used in downhole well applications

#479
20080153719
2008-06-26

Use of Mineral Oils, Hydrogenated Polyalphaolefin Oils and Saturated Fatty Acids for Breaking VES-Gelled Fluids

#480
20080149334
2008-06-26

Particles in oil for viscoelastic surfactant gelled fluids

#481
20080146463
2008-06-19

Methods and compositions for treating subterranean formations with gelled hydrocarbon fluids

#482
20080139419
2008-06-12

Viscosity enhancers for viscoelastic surfactant stimulation fluids

#483
20080119374
2008-05-22

Polymeric acid precursor compositions and methods

#484
20080108526
2008-05-08

Saponified fatty acids as viscosity modifiers for viscoelastic surfactant-gelled fluids

#485
20080103070
2008-05-01

Ortho ester breakers for viscoelastic surfactant gels and associated methods

#486
20080103069
2008-05-01

Ortho ester breakers for viscoelastic surfactant gels and associated methods

#487
20080103066
2008-05-01

Use of mineral oils to reduce fluid loss for viscoelastic surfactant gelled fluids

#488
20080099207
2008-05-01

Oxidative systems for breaking polymer viscosified fluids

#489
20080081771
2008-04-03

Foaming agent for subterranean formations treatment, and methods of use thereof

#490
20080070813
2008-03-20

Oxidative internal breaker for viscoelastic surfactant fluids

#491
20080070810
2008-03-20

Methods of preparing degradable materials and methods of use in subterranean formations

#492
20080070806
2008-03-20

Oxidative internal breaker system with breaking activators for viscoelastic surfactant fluids

#493
20080058229
2008-03-06

Polyelectrolyte complexes for oil and gas applications

#494
20080039346
2008-02-14

Methods for effecting controlled break in pH dependent foamed fracturing fluid

#495
20070299142
2007-12-27

Use of oil-soluble surfactants as breaker enhancers for VES-gelled fluids

#496
20070298977
2007-12-27

Degradable particulate generation and associated methods

#497
20070213233
2007-09-13

Diverting compositions, fluid loss control pills, and breakers thereof

#498
20070187105
2007-08-16

Foamed treatment fluids and associated methods

#499
20070184988
2007-08-09

Wellbore fluids containing additives for removing a filter cake and methods of using the same

#500
20070151726
2007-07-05

Methods and compositions for diverting acid fluids in wellbores

#501
20070131423
2007-06-14

Method of extracting hydrocarbons

#502
20070123433
2007-05-31

Treatment fluids and methods using zeolite and a delayed release acid for treating a subterranean formation

#503
20070117723
2007-05-24

Bromine-based sulfamate stabilized breaker composition and process

#504
20070111898
2007-05-17

Methods and compositions for treating subterranean zones

#505
20070087940
2007-04-19

Method of using viscoelastic vesicular fluids to enhance productivity of formations

#506
20070072776
2007-03-29

Polyols for breaking of fracturing fluid

#507
20070056737
2007-03-15

Use of mineral oils, hydrogenated polyalphaolefin oils and saturated fatty acids for breaking ves-gelled fluids

#508
20070034378
2007-02-15

Methods for effecting controlled break in pH dependent foamed fracturing fluid

#509
20070032386
2007-02-08

Internal breaker for oilfield treatments

#510
20070021308
2007-01-25

Composition and method for fracturing subterranean reservoirs

#511
20060264334
2006-11-23

Non-damaging fracturing fluids and methods for their use

#512
20060247136
2006-11-02

Viscosified treatment fluids comprising polycarboxylic acid gelling agents and associated methods

#513
20060243446
2006-11-02

Viscosified treatment fluids comprising polycarboxylic acid gelling agents and associated methods

#514
20060234872
2006-10-19

Low damage treatment fluids and methods of using the same

#515
20060223714
2006-10-05

Invert emulsion based completion and displacement fluid and method of use

#516
20060211776
2006-09-21

Compositions and use of mono- and polyenoic acids for breaking VES-gelled fluids

#517
20060211775
2006-09-21

Saponified fatty acids as breakers for viscoelastic surfactant-gelled fluids

#518
20060185847
2006-08-24

Methods of placing treatment chemicals

#519
20060172895
2006-08-03

Degradable particulate generation and associated methods

#520
20060172894
2006-08-03

Degradable particulate generation and associated methods

#521
20060169450
2006-08-03

Degradable particulate generation and associated methods

#522
20060166837
2006-07-27

Methods of treating subterranean formations with heteropolysaccharides based fluids

#523
20060157248
2006-07-20

Well treatment with dissolvable polymer

#524
20060148658
2006-07-06

Compositions for reducing the viscosity of treatment fluids

#525
20060144592
2006-07-06

Methods for reducing the viscosity of treatment fluids

#526
20060096756
2006-05-11

Difunctional phosphorus-based gelling agents and gelled nonaqueous treatment fluids and associated methods

#527
20060081369
2006-04-20

Divinyl sulfone crosslinking agents and methods of use in subterranean applications

#528
20060041028
2006-02-23

Metal-mediated viscosity reduction of fluids gelled with viscoelastic surfactants

#529
20060037754
2006-02-23

Gelled liquid hydrocarbon treatment fluids having reduced phosphorus volatility and their associated methods of use and preparation

#530
20060009363
2006-01-12

Deep water completions fracturing fluid compositions

#531
20060003900
2006-01-05

Methods and compositions for crosslinking polymers with boronic acids

#532
20050272612
2005-12-08

Method of fracturing using guar-based well treating fluid

#533
20050261138
2005-11-24

Viscosified treatment fluids comprising scleroglucan or diutan and associated methods

#534
20050252659
2005-11-17

Degradable additive for viscoelastic surfactant based fluid systems

#535
20050238146
2005-10-27

Destination device order billing according to call recipient

#536
20050230111
2005-10-20

Methods and compositions for consolidating proppant in fractures

#537
20050227874
2005-10-13

Composition and method for fracturing subterranean reservoirs

#538
20050202978
2005-09-15

Polymer-based, surfactant-free, emulsions and methods of use thereof

#539
20050202977
2005-09-15

Surfactant-free emulsions and methods of use thereof

#540
20050155761
2005-07-21

Wellbore fluids containing additives for removing a filter cake and methods of using the same

#541
20050061504
2005-03-24

Methods and compositions for treating subterranean zones

#542
20050056424
2005-03-17

Environmentally benign viscous well treating fluids and methods

#543
20050045328
2005-03-03

Orthoester compositions and methods for reducing the viscosified treatment fluids

#544
20050037928
2005-02-17

Method of using viscoelastic vesicular fluids to enhance productivity of formations