PROTECTION DEVICE FOR THE NECK, PROCESS OF MAKING THE SAME, GARMENT COMPRISING SAID PROTECTION DEVICE

Description

RELATED APPLICATION

This application incorporates by reference and claims priority to Italian patent application IT 102024000014881, filed on Jun. 27, 2024.

FIELD OF THE INVENTION

The present invention relates to a protection device for the neck, a process of making the same as well as to a garment comprising said protection device. The protection device may be a wearable type that can be used in sports or work to protect a user's body from impact, such as in an accident. The protection device may be inserted into or engaged to technical sports clothing, for example, jackets, vests, suits for the motorcycle and motorsport sector, or be an integral part thereof. The device of the present invention may also define a standalone wearable protection.

BACKGROUND

Wearable protection devices equipped with an inflatable bag that can be activated under specific conditions to protect the user's body from impacts or falls are known. The inflatable bag consists of two layers of sheet material constrained tightly at a peripheral edge.

The bag is housed directly in a garment pocket so that, in its deflated condition, one layer of the bag directly faces an inner layer of the garment while the opposing layer of the bag directly faces the outer layer of the garment. The bag is generally inserted into the garment so as to protect vital parts of the human body, e.g., the neck, hips, chest, and spine; the bag is in fluid communication with a gas generator configured to inflate the bag in between 30 and 150 milliseconds. To enable the bag to maintain its position in the garment, it is known to provide two or more constrained portions of the bag attachment at the seams of the garment, as for example shown in the following patent applications: WO2015181734A1, WO2020/115158A1, WO2021/083877A1.

Neck protection devices are also known. For example, patent application no. WO2011/148354A1 describes a jacket in which is housed an inflatable gab comprises two front bands and two back bands connected together by a single connecting portion fixed at a back portion of the jacket collar. Following activation of the inflatable bag, it is configured to protect the user's chest and spine as well as the back of the neck.

Patent application no. US 2013/0276213A1 and patent no. U.S. Pat. No. 11,064,753 B2 describe a head protection device comprising a neck band suitable for defining an envelope in which is housed an inflatable bag configured to spill out of the band upon activation to envelop the entire head of the user.

Patent Application No. WO 2022/013103A1, on the other hand, is directed to a helmet comprising, at the bottom, a compartment in which is housed an inflatable bag configured to spill out of the helmet upon activation to protect the user's neck.

Patent application no. U.S. Pat. No. 5,133,084 A is directed to a neck protection collar engageable to a helmet. The collar is in fluid communication with a pressurized gas generator via a supply line configured to inflate a collar bag. In detail, the collar comprises a bag that is elastically deformable and in fluid communication with the pressurized gas generator; the bag is placed in a circular housing defined by a three-dimensional foam support configured to open as the inflatable element transitions from the deflated to the inflated condition. Externally, the collar comprises a cover also made of elastic material configured to contain the expansion of the inflatable bag and the deformation of the foam support.

Although the known protection devices described above are used to provide protection to users, the Applicant has noted how the same are improvable in several respects.

SUMMARY

The scope of the present invention is to solve at least one of the drawbacks and/or limitations of the previous solutions.

A first object of the present invention is to make available a safe protection device that can provide a user with excellent impact protection and be able to stabilize the neck in case of a fall, avoiding too abrupt movement that may lead to trauma. It is then the scope of the present invention to make available a protection device having a compact structure that is extremely comfortable to wear but at the same time is structurally robust.

It is also an object of the present invention to provide a protection device that can be manufactured quickly and at low cost. A further object of the invention is to provide a manufacturing process for such a protection device, which is simple and fast, yet capable of ensuring correct assembly in order to prevent malfunction.

These purposes and others, which will appear more from the following description, are substantially achieved by a protection device, a process of making the same, and a garment comprising said protection device. In an aspect 1 a protection device (1) for the neck of a wearable type is provided, said protection device (1) comprising:

• • at least one envelope (3) having a compartment (V) and extending along a longitudinal trajectory (T), wherein the envelope (3) delimits a seat(S) which is configured to allow a user's neck to be accommodated,
  • at least one inflatable element (2) housed in the compartment (V) of the envelope and configurable between a deflated and an inflated condition.

In an aspect 2 according to the preceding aspect, the envelope (3) has, in the deflated condition of the inflatable element (2), a first surface extension lower than a second surface extension defined by the same envelope in the inflated condition of the inflatable element. In an aspect 3 according to the preceding aspect, the ratio between the second surface extension and the first surface extension of the envelope is equal to or greater than 1.1, optionally between 1.2 and 7, even more optionally between 1.5 and 5. In an aspect 4 according to any one of the preceding aspects, the longitudinal trajectory (T) of the envelope (3) is substantially arcuate, optionally configured to define the seat delimited by the envelope.

In an aspect 5 according to any one of the preceding aspects, the envelope (3) has an outer surface, wherein said outer surface of the envelope, in the deflated condition of the inflatable element, has a first area less than a second area defined by the same outer surface of the envelope, in the inflated condition of the inflatable element. In an aspect 6 according to the preceding aspect, the ratio between the value of the second area of the outer surface of the envelope and the value of the first area of the outer surface of the envelope is equal to or greater than 1.1, optionally between 1.2 and 7, even more optionally between 1.5 and 5.

In an aspect 7 according to any one of the preceding aspects the compartment (V) of the envelope (3) is closed. In an aspect 8 according to any one of the preceding aspects the compartment (V) of the envelope has a closed internal volume. In an aspect 9 according to any one of the preceding aspects the envelope has a single compartment (V) delimiting a single closed internal volume. In an aspect 10 according to any one of the preceding aspects the envelope (3) has, in section along a plane orthogonal to the longitudinal trajectory (T), an outer, optionally closed perimeter. In an aspect 11 according to the preceding aspect the outer perimeter of the envelope, in the deflated condition of the inflatable element (optionally at a longitudinal centerline area of said envelope), has a first length less than a second length of the outer perimeter of the envelope, in the inflated condition of the inflatable element. In an aspect 12 according to the preceding aspect, the ratio between the value of the second length and the value of the first length of the outer perimeter of the envelope is equal to or greater than 1.1, optionally between 1.2 and 7, even more optionally between 1.5 and 5, even more optionally between 2 and 4.

In an aspect 13 according to any one of the preceding aspects, the envelope (3) in extension trajectory along the longitudinal trajectory defines a substantially “U-shaped” or substantially “C-shaped” outline, optionally delimiting the seat(S) for housing a user's neck. In an aspect 14 according to any one of the preceding aspects, the longitudinal trajectory (T) of the envelope (3) defines an open profile.

In an aspect 15 according to any one of the preceding aspects the envelope (3) in extension along the longitudinal trajectory has a first and a second branch (31, 32) connected to each other by a connecting branch (33). In an aspect 16 according to the preceding aspect the connecting branch is substantially interposed between the first and second branches. In an aspect 17 according to any one of the two preceding aspects the first and second branches (31, 32) of the envelope (3) are opposed to each other with respect to the seat(S). In an aspect 18 according to any one of the three preceding aspects the first branch, the second branch and the connecting branch are in fluid communication with each other to delimit the compartment (V).

In an aspect 19 according to any one of the preceding four aspects the connecting branch (33) extends substantially between a respective first and second end portions (33a, 33b), wherein the first branch (31) extends between a respective first and second end portions (31a, 31b), wherein the first end portion (31a) of the first branch (31) is connected to the first end portion of the connecting branch, wherein the second branch (32) extends between a respective first and second end portions (32a, 32b), wherein the first end portion (32a) of the second branch (32) is connected to the second end portion of the connecting branch.

In an aspect 20 according to the preceding aspect, the second ends (31b, 32b) of the first and second branches (31, 32) are spaced apart from the connecting branch (33). In an aspect 21 according to any one of the two preceding aspects the second ends (31b, 32b) of the first and second branches (31, 32) are substantially facing each other.

In an aspect 22 according to any one of the seven preceding aspects the first branch (31) extends along an arcuate trajectory. In an aspect 23 according to the preceding aspect the first branch (31) defines a concavity facing the second branch (32). In an aspect 24 according to any one of the preceding nine aspects the second branch (32) extends along an arcuate trajectory. In an aspect 25 according to the preceding aspect the second branch (32) defines a concavity facing the first branch (31).

In an aspect 26 according to any one of the preceding eleven aspects the first and second branches (31, 32) are substantially identical to each other, optionally in shape and size. In an aspect 27 according to any one of the preceding twelve aspects the first branch extends in length between the first and second end portions (31a, 31b). In an aspect 28 according to any one of the preceding nine aspects the second branch extends in length between the first and second end portions (32a, 32b). In an aspect 29 according to the preceding aspect the length of the first branch is substantially equal to the length of the second branch. In an aspect 30 according to any one of the preceding eleven aspects the connecting branch (33) extends in length between the respective first and second end portions (33a, 33b). In an aspect 31 according to the preceding aspect the length of the connecting branch (33) is equal to or less than the length of the first and/or second branch.

In an aspect 32 according to any one of the preceding aspects, the envelope (3) has, in section along a plane orthogonal to the longitudinal trajectory (T), an, optionally closed, outer perimeter that varies along said longitudinal trajectory. In an aspect 33 according to any one of the preceding eighteen aspects, the outer perimeter defined by the envelope (3)—in the inflated condition of the inflatable element (2), at the connecting branch (33) and in section along a plane orthogonal to the longitudinal trajectory—has a length equal to or greater than a length of the outer perimeter of the envelope (3), in the inflated condition of the inflatable element, at the first branch or second branch and in section along a plane orthogonal to the longitudinal trajectory. In an aspect 34 according to any one of the preceding nineteen aspects the outer perimeter of the envelope—in the deflated condition of the inflatable element (2), at the connecting branch (33) and in section along a plane orthogonal to the longitudinal trajectory—has a length equal to or greater than a length of the outer perimeter of the envelope (3) defined in the deflated condition of the inflatable element, at correspondence of the first branch or second branch and in section along a plane orthogonal to the longitudinal trajectory.

In an aspect 35 according to any one of the preceding aspects from 10 to 34 the length of the outer perimeter of the envelope, in the deflated condition of the inflatable element (2), is equal to or less than 30 cm, optionally between 10 cm and 25 cm. In an aspect 36 according to any one of the preceding aspects from 10 to 35, the length of the outer perimeter of the envelope, in the inflated condition of the inflatable element (2), is equal to or greater than 20 cm, optionally between 30 cm and 70 cm.

In an aspect 37 according to any one of the preceding aspects from 15 to 36 the length of the outer perimeter of the envelope, at the first or second branch and in the deflated condition of the inflatable element (2), is equal to or less than 30 cm, optionally between 10 cm and 25 cm. In an aspect 38 according to any one of the preceding aspects from 15 to 37, the length of the outer perimeter of the envelope, at the first or second branch and in the inflated condition of the inflatable element (2), is equal to or greater than 20 cm, optionally between 30 cm and 70 cm.

In an aspect 39 according to any one of the preceding aspects from 15 to 38 the length of the outer perimeter of the envelope, at the connecting branch and in the deflated condition of the inflatable element (2), is equal to or less than 30 cm, optionally between 15 cm and 25 cm. In an aspect 40 according to any one of the preceding aspects from 15 to 39, the length of the outer perimeter of the envelope, at the connecting branch and in the inflated condition of the inflatable element (2), is equal to or greater than 20 cm, optionally between 30 cm and 70 cm.

In an aspect 41 according to any one of the preceding aspects, the envelope (3) has, along the longitudinal trajectory, an outer peripheral portion and an opposing inner peripheral portion. In an aspect 42 according to the preceding aspect the inner peripheral portion of the envelope delimits the seat(S). In an aspect 43 according to any one of the preceding aspects the distance between the inner and outer peripheral portions of the envelope defines a width of said envelope (3).

In an aspect 44 according to any one of the preceding aspects the envelope (3) comprises an inner cover (4) and an outer cover (5) of sheet material, at least partially opposed to each other. In an aspect 45 according to the preceding aspect the inner and outer covers (4, 5) are joined together, for example by seam. In an aspect 46 according to any one of the two preceding aspects the inner and outer covers (4, 5) are joined together, for example by seam, at least at the outer peripheral portion of the envelope. In an aspect 47 according to any one of the preceding three aspects, the inner cover (4), at least in the deflated condition, extends in width from a respective outer peripheral portion and a respective inner peripheral portion. In an aspect 48 according to the preceding aspect, the width (L1) of the inner cover (4) is measured substantially orthogonally to the longitudinal trajectory (T) of the envelope (3). In an aspect 49 according to any one of the preceding two aspects, the width (L1) of the inner cover (4), in the deflated condition of the inflatable element (2), is between 3 cm and 20 cm, optionally between 5 cm and 15 cm.

In an aspect 50 according to any one of the preceding six aspects, the outer cover (5), at least in the deflated condition, extends in width between a respective outer peripheral portion and a respective inner peripheral portion. In an aspect 51 according to the preceding aspect, the width (L2) of the outer cover (5) is measured substantially orthogonally to the longitudinal trajectory (T) of the envelope (3). In an aspect 52 according to any one of the preceding two aspects, the width (L2) of the outer cover (5), in the deflated condition of the inflatable element (2), is between 3 cm and 20 cm, optionally between 5 cm and 15 cm.

In an aspect 53 according to any one of the preceding aspects from 50 to 52, the outer peripheral portions of the inner and outer covers coincide with the outer peripheral portion of the envelope (3). In an aspect 54 according to any one of the preceding aspects from 50 to 53 the inner peripheral portions of the inner and outer cover coincide with the inner peripheral portion of the envelope (3).

In an aspect 55 according to any one of the preceding aspects from 44 to 54 the inner and outer covers (4, 5) of the envelope (3), in the deflated condition of the inflatable element, are substantially facing and side by side with each other. In an aspect 56 according to any one of the preceding aspects from 44 to 55, the inner and outer covers (4, 5) of the envelope (3), in the deflated condition of the inflatable element (2), are substantially overlapping each other, optionally by interposition of the inflatable element (2). In an aspect 57 according to any one of the preceding aspects from 44 to 56, the inner and outer covers (4, 5) of the envelope (3), in the deflated condition of the inflatable element (2), lie on respective surfaces at least partially and substantially parallel to each other.

In an aspect 58 according to any one of the preceding aspects from 44 to 57 the inner and outer covers, in at least one of the deflated and inflated condition of the inflatable element, are kept apart, for a preponderant portion of the surface extent of said covers (e.g., at least the 70%, optionally at least the 80%, of the surface extent of said covers 4, 5) by interposition of the inflatable element (2).

In an aspect 59 according to any one of the preceding aspects from 44 to 58 the inflatable element (2) is fixed to at least one of the inner and outer covers (4, 5), optionally corresponding from the peripheral portions joined together of said covers (4, 5). In an aspect 60 according to any one of the preceding aspects from 44 to 59, the inflatable element (2) is sewn to at least one of the inner and outer covers (4, 5), at the seams joining said covers (4, 5), placed at the outer peripheral portion of the envelope.

In an aspect 61 according to any one of the preceding aspects from 44 to 60 the inner and outer covers (4, 5), in the deflated condition of the inflatable element (2) and for a preponderant portion of the surface extent of said covers (e.g., at least 70%, optionally at least 80%, of the surface extent of said covers 4, 5), are both in direct contact with the inflatable element (2). In an aspect 62 according to any one of the preceding aspects from 44 to 61, the inner and outer covers (4, 5), optionally in the deflated condition and in the inflated condition of the inflatable element (2), have a maximum distance from each other to define a thickness or a height of the envelope. In an aspect 63 according to the preceding aspect, the height (or thickness) of the envelope (3), in the deflated condition, of the inflatable element is less than 4 cm, optionally between 0.1 and 3 cm. In an aspect 64 according to any one of the preceding aspects from 44 to 63 the inner and outer covers (4, 5), in the inflated condition of the inflatable element (2), have a maximum distance from each other to define a thickness or height (H) of the envelope (3). In an aspect 65 according to any one of the preceding two aspects, the height (or thickness) of the envelope (3) in the inflated condition of the inflatable element (2) is greater than the height (or thickness) of the same envelope (3) when the inflatable element (2) is in the deflated condition. In an aspect 66 according to any one of the preceding three aspects, the ratio between the height (or thickness) of the envelope (3), in the inflated condition of the inflatable element (2), and the height (or thickness) of the same envelope (3) in the deflated condition of the inflatable element (2) is equal to or greater than 2, optionally between 3 and 10. In an aspect 67 according to any one of the preceding four aspects, the height (or thickness) of the envelope (3), in the inflated condition of the inflatable element, is greater than 3 cm, optionally between 4 and 30 cm.

In an aspect 68 according to any one of the preceding aspects, the envelope (3), in the deflated condition of the inflatable element, defines a substantially sheet-like shape. In an aspect 69 according to any one of the preceding aspects the envelope (3), in the deflated condition of the inflatable element and in a condition lying along an ideal plane, defines a substantially uni-planar structure. In an aspect 70 according to any one of the preceding aspects the envelope (3) is countershaped to the inflatable element (2). In an aspect 71 according to any one of the preceding aspects the envelope (3) and the inflatable element (2) have, in both the inflated and deflated condition of the inflatable element (2), substantially the same size. In an aspect 72 according to any one of the preceding aspects from 44 to 71, the inner and outer covers (4, 5) of the envelope (3), in the deflated condition of the inflatable element, are substantially facing and side by side with each other. In an aspect 73 according to any one of the preceding aspects from 44 to 72, the inner and outer covers (4, 5) of the envelope (3), in the deflated condition of the inflatable element (2), lie on respective surfaces at least partially and substantially parallel to each other. In an aspect 74 according to any one of the preceding aspects from 44 to 73 the inner and outer covers (4, 5) of the envelope (3), in the deflated condition of the inflatable element (2), define a substantially sheet-like body.

In an aspect 75 according to any one of the preceding aspects, the envelope (3) is made at least in part, optionally entirely, of sheet material. In an aspect 76 according to any one of the preceding aspects the envelope (3) is made at least in part of woven material. In an aspect 77 according to any one of the preceding aspects the envelope (3) is made at least in part, optionally entirely, of at least one of the following materials: polyester, nylon, cotton, leather. In an aspect 78 according to any one of the preceding aspects the envelope (3) is made at least in part of deformable, optionally elastically deformable material. In an aspect 79 according to any one of the preceding aspects the portion of the envelope (3) made of elastically deformable material is configured to elastically deform during the transition of the inflatable element (2) from the deflated condition to the inflated condition. In an aspect 80 according to any one of the preceding aspects, the envelope (3), for at least the 5%, optionally from the 15% to the 40%, is made of elastically deformable material. In an 81 aspect according to any one of the preceding aspects the elastically deformable material of the envelope is configured to exceed an elongation value of 50%, optionally between 70% and 300%, (e.g., during a dynamometric elongation test) and return, in the absence of stress substantially to its initial size.

In an aspect 82 according to any one of the preceding aspects, the inner cover (4) of the envelope (3) comprises:

• • a first portion made of a first material,
  • a second portion made of a second material.

In an 83 aspect according to the preceding aspect, the surface extent of the first and second portions of the inner cover (4) defines the total surface extent of the inner cover (4). In an 84 aspect according to any one of the two preceding aspects the first portion of the inner cover has a predetermined surface extent greater than a surface extent of the second portion of the same inner cover (4). In an 85 aspect according to any one of the preceding three aspects, the ratio between the area value relative to the surface extent of the first portion of the inner cover and the area value relative to the surface extent of the second portion of the same inner cover is equal to or greater than 1.5, optionally comprised from 3 to 10. In an 86 aspect according to any one of the preceding four aspects, the first portion is arranged at the outer peripheral portion of the inner cover (4). In an aspect 87 according to any one of the preceding five aspects, the first portion of the inner cover extends along the entire outer peripheral portion of the inner cover (4) itself. In an aspect 88 according to any one of the preceding six aspects, the first portion of the inner cover (4) is, for a preponderant portion of its extent (e.g., at least 70%, optionally at least 80%, of its surface extent) spaced from the inner peripheral portion of the inner cover (4) itself. In an aspect 89 according to any one of the preceding seven aspects, the second portion of the inner cover (4) is arranged at the inner peripheral portion of the inner cover (4) itself. In an aspect 90 according to any one of the preceding eight aspects, the second portion of the inner cover is spaced apart from the outer peripheral portion of the inner cover (4) itself.

In an aspect 91 according to any one of the preceding nine aspects the first material of the first portion of the inner cover is different from the second material of the second portion of the same inner cover (4). In an aspect 92 according to any one of the preceding ten aspects the first material is less elastically deformable than the second material of the same inner cover (4). In an aspect 93 according to any one of the preceding eleven aspects the first material of the first portion of the inner cover is substantially non-elastically deformable. In an aspect 94 according to any one of the preceding twelve aspects the first material comprises at least one of the following materials: fabric (optionally perforated), optionally comprising at least one of: nylon, polyester, cotton, synthetic aramid fiber (optionally Kevlar), leather, nonwoven fabric. In an aspect 95 according to any one of the preceding thirteen aspects, the second material of the second portion of the inner cover (4), during the transition of the inflatable element from the deflated condition to the inflated condition, is elastically deformable. In an aspect 96 according to any one of the preceding fourteen aspects, the second material comprises at least one of the following materials: rubber, polyurethane, synthetic polyurethane fibers, optionally elastane.

In an aspect 97 according to any one of the preceding aspects from 44 to 96 the outer cover (5) of the envelope (3) comprises:

• • a respective first portion made of a first material,
  • a respective second portion made of a second material.

In an aspect 98 according to the preceding aspect, the surface extent of the first and second portions of the outer cover defines the total surface extent of the outer cover (5). In an aspect 99 according to any one of the preceding two aspects, the ratio between the area value relating to a surface extent of the first portion of the outer cover and the area value relating to a surface extent of the second portion of the same outer cover is between 0.5 and 3, optionally between 0.7 and 2. In an aspect 100 according to any one of the preceding three aspects, the first portion of the outer cover is arranged at the outer peripheral portion of the outer cover (5). In an aspect 101 according to any one of the preceding four aspects, the first portion of the outer cover extends along a portion (optionally about 30% to 80%) of the outer peripheral portion of the outer cover (5) itself. In an aspect 102 according to any one of the preceding five aspects, the first portion of the outer cover (5) is, for a preponderant portion of its extent (e.g., at least 70%, optionally at least 80%, of its surface extent) spaced from the inner peripheral portion of the outer cover (5) itself. In an aspect 103 according to any one of the preceding six aspects, the second portion of the outer cover (5) is arranged at the inner peripheral portion of the outer cover (5) itself. In an aspect 104 according to any one of the preceding seven aspects, the second portion of the outer cover (5) is disposed for a portion at the outer peripheral portion of the outer cover (5) itself. In an aspect 105 according to any one of the preceding eight aspects, the second portion of the outer cover is arranged on the first branch (31), the second branch (32), and the connecting branch (33) of the envelope (3).

In an aspect 106 according to any one of the preceding nine aspects, the first material of the first portion of the outer cover (5) is different from the second material of the second portion of the same outer cover (5). In an aspect 107 according to any one of the preceding ten aspects, the first material of the first portion of the outer cover (5) is less elastically deformable than the second material of the second portion of the same outer cover (5). In an aspect 108 according to any one of the preceding eleven aspects, the first material of the first portion of the outer cover (5) is substantially non-elastically deformable. In an aspect 109 according to any one of the preceding twelve aspects the first material of the first portion of the outer cover (5) comprises at least one of the following materials: fabric (optionally perforated), optionally comprising at least one of: nylon, polyester, cotton, synthetic aramid fiber (optionally Kevlar), leather, nonwoven fabric.

In an aspect 110 according to any one of the preceding thirteen aspects, the second material of the second portion of the outer cover (5), during the transition of the inflatable element (2) from the deflated condition to the inflated condition, is elastically deformable. In an aspect 111 according to any one of the preceding fourteen aspects, the second material of the second portion of the outer cover (5) comprises at least one of the following materials: rubber, polyurethane, polyurethane synthetic fibers, optionally elastane.

In an aspect 112 according to any one of the preceding aspects from 97 to 111 the first portion of the outer cover (5) extends only for the first and second branches (31, 32) of the envelope. In an aspect 113 according to any one of the preceding aspects from 97 to 112 the first portion of the outer cover (5) does not extend at the connecting branch (33) of the envelope (3). In an aspect 114 according to any one of the preceding aspects from 82 to 113 the first portion of the inner cover (4) is arranged on the first branch (31), the second branch (32) and the connecting branch (33) of the envelope (3). In an aspect 115 according to any one of the preceding aspects from 82 to 114 the second portion of the inner cover (4), for a predominant portion of its surface extent (e.g., at least 70%, optionally at least 80%, of its surface extent) is arranged on the first and second branches (31, 32) of the envelope.

In an aspect 116 according to any one of the preceding aspects from 44 to 115, the first material of the inner cover (4) is different from the first material of the outer cover (5). In an aspect 117 according to any one of the preceding aspects 97 to 116 the second material (optionally elastically deformable) of the second portion of the inner cover (4) is the same as the second material (optionally elastically deformable) of the second portion of the outer cover (5).

In an aspect 118 according to any one of the preceding aspects, the inflatable element (2) is at least partially countershaped to an inner surface delimiting the envelope compartment (3). In an aspect 119 according to any one of the preceding aspects the inflatable element (2) extends along a longitudinal trajectory (T2) substantially parallel to the longitudinal extension trajectory (T) of the envelope. In an aspect 120 according to any one of the preceding aspects, the inflatable element (2), in the deflated condition and in the inflated condition, is in contact with the inner and outer covers (4, 5) of the envelope (3). In an aspect 121 according to any one of the preceding aspects, the inflatable element (2), in the inflated condition and the deflated condition, is configured to occupy substantially the entire internal volume of the compartment (V) of the envelope (3). In an aspect 122 according to any one of the preceding aspects, the inflatable element (2) is made of sheet material.

In an aspect 123 according to any one of the preceding aspects the inflatable element (2) comprises at least one wall made of sheet material delimiting an internal volume and having at least one first and at least one second portion facing each other. In an aspect 124 according to the preceding aspect the first and second portions of the at least one wall of the inflatable element (2), for a preponderant portion of its surface extent:

• • in the deflated condition are substantially side by side and at least partially in contact with each other,
  • in the inflated condition, they are spaced apart.

In an aspect 125 according to any one of the preceding aspects said at least one wall of the inflatable element (2), in the inflated condition, defines a greater internal volume than the internal volume defined by the same wall in the deflated condition. In an aspect 126 according to any one of the preceding aspects the inflatable element comprises one or more peripheral portions, wherein at least one peripheral portion of the inflatable element (2) is fixed to, or in proximity to, said envelope (3). In an aspect 127 according to any one of the preceding aspects, the inflatable element (2), at least partially countershaped to the envelope, has a substantially open ring shape. In an aspect 128 according to any one of the preceding aspects, the inflatable element (2) has an inner peripheral portion and an outer peripheral portion, wherein at least one tract of said outer peripheral portion and/or said inner peripheral portion is fixed to the envelope (3), for example, by sewing. In an aspect 129 according to the preceding aspect, the outer peripheral portion of the inflatable element is facing the outer peripheral portion of the envelope while the inner peripheral portion of the inflatable element is facing the inner peripheral portion of the envelope.

In an aspect 130 according to any one of the preceding aspects from 123 to 129 the at least one wall comprises a first wall (2a) and a second wall (2b) made of sheet material. In an aspect 131 according to the preceding aspect the first wall (2a) has a central area, which defines said first portion of the at least one wall. In an aspect 132 according to any one of the two preceding aspects the second wall (2b) has a central area, which defines said second portion of the at least one wall.

In an aspect 133 according to any one of the preceding three aspects, the first and second walls (2a, 2b) of the inflatable element (2) are engaged with each other at a peripheral edge (2c) to define a single peripheral engagement portion. In an aspect 134 according to any one of the preceding four aspects, the inflatable element (2) consists solely of the first and second walls (2a, 2b) engaged with each other at a peripheral edge (2c) to define a single portion of peripheral engagement. In an aspect 135 according to any one of the preceding five aspects, the first and second walls (2a, 2b) delimit the internal volume of the inflatable element.

In an aspect 136 according to any one of the preceding seven aspects the inflatable element (2) is fixed to the envelope (3) for at least one tract of the outer peripheral portion of the envelope, optionally at least 50% of the outer peripheral portion of said envelope (3).

In an aspect 137 according to any one of the preceding aspects, the inflatable element (2), in the deflated condition, defines a substantially sheet-like shape (optionally uni-planar). In an aspect 138 according to any one of the preceding aspects the inflatable element (2) comprises at least one inflatable layer defined by the at least one wall extending along a longitudinal trajectory (T), optionally defining a wall having a substantially closed-loop shape. In an aspect 139 according to any one of the preceding aspects, the inflatable element comprises at least a first inflatable layer (S1) and at least a second inflatable layer (S2) overlapped to each other according to a direction orthogonal to the longitudinal trajectory (T2) of extension trajectory of the inflatable element (2). In an aspect 140 according to the preceding aspect, the inflatable element (2), in an extended condition along a plane, has the first inflatable layer (S1) and the second inflatable layer (S2) overlapped to each other along a direction orthogonal to said plane. In an aspect 141 according to the preceding aspect, the longitudinal trajectory of the first inflatable layer is parallel to the longitudinal trajectory of the second inflatable layer. In an aspect 142 according to any one of the preceding aspects, the first inflatable layer (S1) defines an inflatable chamber (21) in fluid communication with an inflatable chamber (22) of the second inflatable layer (S2). In an aspect 143 according to any one of the preceding three aspects, the first inflatable layer (S1) comprises a first and a second wall of sheet material engaged with each other at a peripheral edge to define the inflatable chamber. In an aspect 144 according to any one of the preceding four aspects, the second inflatable layer (S2) comprises a respective first and second walls of sheet material engaged with each other at a peripheral edge to define the respective inflatable chamber. In an aspect 145 according to any one of the preceding five aspects, the first inflatable layer, in the deflated condition, has a substantially sheet-like shape. In an aspect 146 according to any one of the preceding six aspects the second inflatable layer, in the deflated condition, has a sheet-like shape. In an aspect 147 according to any one of the preceding seven aspects the first wall of the first inflatable layer is in direct contact with the inner envelope cover. In an aspect 148 according to any one of the preceding eight aspects the second wall of the second inflatable layer is in direct contact with the outer cover (5) of the envelope. In an aspect 149 according to any one of the preceding nine aspects the second inflatable layer is interposed between the first inflatable layer and the outer envelope cover. In an aspect 150 according to any one of the preceding ten aspects, the first inflatable layer is interposed between the inner cover (4) of the envelope (3) and the second inflatable layer. In an aspect 151 according to any one of the preceding eleven aspects, the first and second inflatable layers, during the transition of the deflated condition to the inflated condition of the inflatable element (2), are configured to extend in height (optionally in thickness) to at least partially distance the inner and outer envelope covers.

In an aspect 152 according to any one of the preceding aspects, the inflatable element (2) is made of deformable material. In an aspect 153 according to any one of the preceding aspects the inflatable element (2) is made at least partially of plastic material, optionally a plastic material film. In an aspect 154 according to any one of the preceding aspects the inflatable element (2) defines a gas impermeable structure. In an aspect 155 according to any one of the preceding aspects the at least one wall is gas impermeable. In an aspect 156 according to any one of the preceding aspects the inflatable element (2) is made at least in part, optionally entirely, of at least one of the following materials: polyurethane, PVC, EVA, polyethylene, polypropylene, silicone rubber, rubber.

In an aspect 157 according to any one of the preceding aspects from 130 to 156 each of said first and second walls (2a, 2b) of the inflatable element (optionally of each of said first and second inflatable layers) is made of a single monolayer plastic material film. In an aspect 158 according to any one of the preceding aspects from 130 to 157 each of said first and second walls (2a, 2b) of the inflatable element (optionally of each of said first and second inflatable layers) is made entirely of polyurethane, PVC, EVA, polyethylene, polypropylene, silicone rubber, rubber.

In an aspect 159 according to any one of the preceding aspects, the inflatable element (2) is elastically deformable. In an aspect 160 according to any one of the preceding aspects the inflatable element (2), during transition from the deflated condition to the inflated condition, is configured to deform substantially elastically. In an aspect 161 according to any one of the preceding aspects from 130 to 160 the first and second walls (2a, 2b) of the inflatable element, during the transition from the deflated condition to the inflated condition, are configured to deform substantially elastically.

In an aspect 162 according to any one of the preceding aspects from 123 to 161 the at least one wall of the inflatable element (2), in section along a plane orthogonal to the extension trajectory of the inflatable element, defines a closed perimeter edge having a predetermined length. In an aspect 163 according to the preceding aspect, the ratio between the length of said perimeter edge in the inflated condition of the inflatable element (2) and the length of the same perimeter edge in the deflated condition of the inflatable element (2) is equal to or greater than 1.2, optionally it is between 2 and 6 including the extremes.

In an aspect 164 according to any one of the preceding aspects from 130 to 163 the first and second walls (2a, 2b) are engaged to each other at the fluid-tight peripheral edge (2c), in particular the peripheral edge is configured to substantially interdict the passage of gas. In an aspect 165 according to any one of the preceding aspects from 130 to 164 the first and second walls (2a, 2b) of the inflatable element are engaged to each other at the peripheral edge by at least one of: glue, weld, seam. In an aspect 166 according to any one of the preceding aspects from 130 to 165 the first and second walls (2a, 2b) of the inflatable element are welded, optionally heat-sealed, to each other to define the peripheral edge. In an aspect 167 according to any one of the preceding aspects from 130 to 166 the first and second walls (2a, 2b) of the inflatable element are engaged with each other at the peripheral edge by at least one of the following processes: hot pressing, high frequency welding, ultrasonic welding. In an aspect 168 according to any one of the preceding aspects from 133 to 167 the peripheral engagement portion of the inflatable element (2) is directly fixed to, or in the vicinity of, at least one of said first and second covers (4, 5) by seam.

In an aspect 169 according to any one of the preceding aspects, the protection device (1) comprises an actuator (15) configured to allow the inflatable element (2) to switch from the deflated condition to the inflated condition. In an aspect 170 according to the preceding aspect, the actuator (15) comprises a pressure vessel. In an aspect 171 according to any one of the two preceding aspects the protection device (1) further comprises:

• • an activator configured to activate the actuator to allow the inflatable element to switch from the deflated to the inflated condition,
  • a control unit connected and active in command on the activator, wherein the control unit is configured to send a command signal to the activator to activate the actuator.

In an aspect 172 according to the preceding aspect, the activator comprises at least one of: a pyrotechnic charge, a perforator. In an aspect 173 according to any one of the preceding two aspects the protection device (1) further comprises at least one sensor configured to emit a signal representative of a user condition, wherein the control unit is configured to:

• • receive the signal from the sensor,
  • compare the received signal with at least one threshold value of a control parameter,
  • determine, based on the comparison, the presence of an accident condition for the user, and,
  • if determined such an accident condition, send the control signal to the activator to determine the inflated condition of the inflatable element.

In an aspect 174 according to the preceding aspect the at least one sensor comprises at least one of: a gyroscope, an accelerometer, a GPS.

In an aspect 175 a process of making the protection device (1) according to any one of the preceding aspects is provided. In an aspect 176 according to the preceding aspect, the process comprises the steps of:

• • preparing the inflatable element (2), arranged in the deflated condition,
  • arrange the envelope (3) in an open condition in which said envelope defines an open volume,
  • fixed the inflatable element (2) to the envelope (3),
  • close the envelope (3) in such a way that it may define the compartment (V) in which the inflatable element (2) is housed.
  • In an aspect 177 according to the preceding aspect, the step of fixing the inflatable element to the envelope comprises the following sub-steps:
  • lay a semi-finished sheet material on a single plane,
  • overlap the inflatable element (2) onto said semi-finished product,
  • fixed and wrap said semi-finished product to the inflatable element so that said semi-finished product may define the envelope (3).

In an aspect 178 according to the preceding aspect, the step of fixing the semi-finished product to the inflatable element comprises at least one step of seam. In an aspect 178A according to any one of the preceding two aspects, the semi-finished product comprises at least one sheet of at least partially elastically deformable material. In an aspect 179 according to any one of the preceding three aspects the semi-finished product is made at least in part, optionally entirely, of at least one of the following materials: fabric (optionally perforated), optionally comprising at least one of: nylon, polyester, cotton, synthetic aramid fiber (optionally Kevlar), leather, nonwoven fabric.

In an aspect 180 according to any one of the preceding aspects, the step of preparing the inflatable element (2) comprises the sub-steps of:

• • preparing at least a first sheet,
  • overlap at least a second sheet with the first sheet,
  • fluid-tightly join the first and second sheets at a peripheral area to define said inflatable element (2).

In an aspect 181 according to any one of the above, the first and second sheets have a gas-tight structure. In an aspect 182 according to any one of the preceding two aspects the first and second sheets are made at least in part of at least one of the following materials: polyurethane, PVC, EVA, polyethylene, polypropylene, silicone rubber, rubber. In an aspect 183 according to any one of the three preceding aspects, the step of joining the first and second sheets comprises at least of the following processes: gluing, seam, welding. In an aspect 184 according to any one of the preceding four aspects the first and second sheets are welded, optionally heat-sealed, together to define the peripheral edge of the inflatable element. In an aspect 185 according to any one of the preceding five aspects the first and second sheets are engaged with each other at the peripheral edge by at least one of the following processes: hot pressing, high frequency welding, ultrasonic welding.

In an aspect 186 a process for protecting a user's neck by a protection device according to any one of the preceding aspects from 1 to 174 is provided. In an aspect 187 according to the preceding aspect, the process comprises the following steps:

• • arranging the protection device (1) on a user so that the neck of said user is accommodated in the seat(S) of the protection device (1),
  • operate the protection device in such a way that the inflatable element (2) may switch from the deflated to the inflated condition.

In an aspect 188 according to the preceding aspect, the protection device, in the deflated condition, has a substantially uniplanar structure resting on the shoulders and around the neck of a user. In an aspect 189 according to any one of the preceding aspects, the protection device in the deflated condition does not cover a user's neck. In an aspect 190 according to any one of the preceding three aspects the protection device in the inflated condition covers a large part of a user's neck. In an aspect 191 according to any one of the preceding four aspects, the protection device (1), during the transition from the deflated condition to the inflated condition of the inflatable element (2), extends predominantly in height along the development of a user's neck. In an aspect 192 according to any one of the preceding five aspects, the protection device (1), during the transition from the deflated condition to the inflated condition, expands from the user's shoulders to cover a predominant portion of the user's neck. In an aspect 193 according to any one of the preceding six aspects, in the inflated condition of the inflatable element (2), the connecting branch (33) of the envelope covers a large part of the nape of the user's neck while the first and second branches extend substantially from the nape of the user's neck to at the user's chin.

In an aspect 194 according to any one of the preceding seven aspects, the outer peripheral portion of the envelope (3) during the transition of the inflatable element from the deflated condition to the inflated condition remains substantially in contact with the user's shoulders while the inner peripheral portion of the envelope expands substantially in height to cover a preponderant portion of the user's neck.

In an aspect 195 a use of said protection device (1) according to any one of aspects from 1 to 174 to define at least one of: an integral part of a garment wearable by a user, an integral part of a neck protection accessory for a user, a device that can be coupled (attachable or removably engageable) to a garment, a device that can be coupled (attachable or removably engageable) to a protection accessory for a user, is provided.

In an aspect 196 a garment (100) wearable by a user comprising at least one protection device (1) according to any one of the preceding aspects from 1 to 174 is provided. In an aspect 197 according to the preceding aspect the garment (100) comprises at least one of: a jacket, a vest, a suit (optionally a motorcycle suit or a motorsport suit), technical sportswear. In an aspect 198 according to any one of the preceding two aspects, the garment comprises an outer layer and an inner layer, wherein the inner cover (4) of the envelope (3) of the protection device defines a part of the inner layer of the garment while the outer cover (5) of the envelope of the protection device defines a part of the outer layer of the garment.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

Certain embodiments and aspects of the invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings, provided for illustrative purposes only and therefore not limiting wherein:

FIGS. 1 and 2 are schematic views of a garment comprises a protection device according to the present invention;

FIGS. 3 and 4 are different perspective views of a protection device according to the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a top view of a protection device according to the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a bottom view of a protection device according to the present invention;

FIG. 7 is a top view of an inflatable element, in a deflated condition, of a protection device according to the present invention;

FIG. 8 is a perspective view of the inflatable element in FIG. 7;

FIG. 9 is a side view of the inflatable device of FIG. 7, in the inflated condition;

FIG. 10 shows a protection device according to the present invention, having an inflatable element in deflated condition;

FIG. 11 is a schematic sectional view, according to trace XI-XI, of the protection device in FIG. 10;

FIG. 12 shows a protection device according to the present invention, during the transition of the inflatable element between a deflated and an inflated condition;

FIGS. 13 and 14 show a protection device according to the present invention, having an inflatable element in an inflated condition;

FIG. 15 is a schematic sectional view, according to track XV-XV, of the protection device of FIG. 13.

CONVENTIONS AND DEFINITIONS

In this detailed description, corresponding parts illustrated in the various figures are indicated by the same numerical references. The figures may illustrate the subject matter of the invention by means of representations that are not to scale; therefore, parts and components illustrated in the figures may relate only to schematic representations.

The term “sheet material” refers to a structure having two dimensions (e.g., length and width) strongly overriding a third dimension (thickness). Sheet material extends in thickness between a first and a second main surface and be monolayer or multilayer.

The protection device 1 object of the present invention comprises at least one inflatable element 2, which may be made of sheet material. In particular, the inflatable element 2 may comprise at least one wall, optionally a first and a second wall, made of sheet material, suitable for substantially defining a fluid-tight bag. Wherein the inflatable element 2 has a first and second wall these are coupled together substantially fluid-tight to define substantially a bag.

The sheet (or foil) material of the at least one wall, optionally of the first and second wall, of the inflatable element may be monolayer or multilayer. In the case of a monolayer sheet this may substantially comprise a plastic film, particularly in material that is substantially impermeable to gases. In detail, the first and second walls may be of a heat-sealable type to allow said walls to be welded together; in particular, first and second walls may be engaged with each other by heat pressing, high frequency welding, or ultrasonic welding.

In detail, the at least one wall, optionally the first and second wall, of the inflatable element may be made of polyurethane, PVC, EVA, polyethylene, polypropylene, silicone rubber, rubber or similar materials. The thickness of the single plastic material film may be 0.05 to 0.4 mm, optionally 0.1 to 0.25 mm.

In the case of a multilayer sheet, this may comprise at least a first gas barrier layer coupled with a second layer configured to increase the mechanical properties of the sheet. The first gas barrier layer may comprise a plastic material film, such as polyurethane, PVC, EVA, polyethylene, polypropylene, silicone rubber, rubber, or similar materials. The first layer is coupled to the second layer, such as by glue. As mentioned above, the second layer basically defines the structural element of the multilayer sheet configured to increase the properties of the sheet compared to a sheet of the same thickness made solely of material from the first layer. The second layer may be made of fabric, for example elastic fabric.

In this way, the first layer of the multilayer sheet provides gas impermeability while the second layer provides strength in the activation moment of the inflatable element. In the case of an inflatable element having a first and second wall, these are placed in contact with each other on the side of the first layer in such a way that said first and second walls may be welded tightly together, such as by hot pressing, high-frequency welding, or ultrasonic welding.

When engaged with each other, the first and second walls in multilayer material substantially define a bag wherein the first layer defines the inner surface while the second layer defines an outer surface of said bag.

The term “impermeable” refers to the ability of a body or material to prevent the passage of fluids. The wall, optionally the first and second walls, of the inflatable element is substantially impermeable to gas, that is, it does not allow a gas, such as air or nitrogen, to completely pass through the thickness of the sheet material.

In the present discussion, the term “breathable” means the permeability of a body or material to a gas, such as air.

The term “protection” is understood as an action of covering a part of the body to absorb shocks due to impacts or is understood as an action of supporting and/or helping the neck to contain any unwanted movements of the head and thus reduce any neck tension, for example, during a sports activity.

“Elastically deformable” material has been referred to in the text. Elastically deformable means a material that, when tested by dynamometric elongation tests, exceeds an elongation value of 50%, optionally between 70% and 500%, even more optionally higher between 100% and 400%, and is configured to return, optionally in the absence of stress, substantially to its initial size at following elongation. Elastically deformable material may, for example, consist of a synthetic fiber part (e.g., nylon, polyester) and an elastic fiber (e.g., elastane).

Conversely, by non-elastically deformable material, a material is meant one that, when tested by dynamometric elongation tests, is capable of reaching an elongation value of less than 30%, optionally between 1% and 20%, and returning, optionally in the absence of stress, substantially to its initial size following elongation; with elongation values higher than those indicated, the non-elastically deformable material, undergoes plastic deformation or rupture.

The term “surface extension” relative to the envelope means the size of the actual developed surface area of the envelope (or of the covers of said envelope 3), i.e., the surface area of the envelope, measured in its expanded or un-expanded condition (conditions determined by the inflated and deflated condition of the inflatable element), i.e., the area of the outer surface defined by the envelope. In more detail, the actual developed surface area basically represents the actual area of such a three-dimensional surface (e.g., of the envelope), considering curvatures, folds and undulations, as if such a surface were lying on an ideal plane.

‘Actuator’ means any device capable of causing movement on a body, for example upon command from the control unit (receipt by the actuator of a command sent by the control unit). The actuator may comprise a gas generator, such as a pressure vessel.

The protection device 1 may comprise/use at least one control unit responsible for controlling operating conditions put in place of the same. The control unit may be a single unit or consist of a plurality of distinct control units depending on design choices and operational requirements.

‘Control unit’ means an electronic type component, which may comprise at least one of: a digital processor (CPU), an analog type circuit, or a combination of one or more digital processors with one or more analog type circuits. The control unit may be “configured” or “programmed” to perform certain steps: this may be accomplished in practice by any means that allows the control unit to be configured or programmed. For example, in the case of a control unit comprises one or more CPUs and one or more memories, one or more programs may be stored in appropriate memory banks attached to the CPU(s); the program(s) contain instructions that, when executed by the CPU(s), program or configure the control unit to perform the operations described in relation to the control unit. Alternatively, if the control unit is or comprises analog type circuitry, then the control unit circuitry may be designed to include circuitry configured, in use, to process electrical signals in such a way as to perform the steps related to the control unit.

At least part of the operation of the protection device described may be performed by a data processing unit, or control unit, technically substitutable for one or more electronic processors designed to execute a portion of a software program or firmware loaded onto a memory medium. Such a software program may be written in any programming language of a known type.

The data processing unit, or control unit, may be a general purpose processor configured to perform one or more of the steps of the operating process identified in the present disclosure through the software program or firmware, or may be an ASIC or dedicated processor or FPGA in particular programmed to perform at least a portion of the operations of the operating process.

The memory medium may be non-transitory and may be internal or external to the processor, or control unit, or data processing unit. The memory medium may also be physically divided into several portions.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

Protection Device

A wearable-type protection device configured to protect a user's neck has been collectively referred to as 1. For example, protection device 1 may be used in sports and may be inserted or engaged to technical clothing, such as jackets, vests, suits for the motorcycling and motorsport sectors. In fact, as will be better described below, the protection device 1 subject of the present invention may be insertable/coupled to a garment or be an integral part of a garment; further, the protection device 1 may be used as a stand-alone protection, such as an accessory for neck protection. As will be better described later, protection device 1 is configured to inflate by pressurized gas to define a kind of bag configured to absorb any shocks.

The protection device 1 comprises at least one inflatable element 2 made of deformable sheet material, e.g., it is at least partially made of at least one of the following materials: polyurethane, PVC, EVA, polyethylene, polypropylene, silicone rubber, rubber. In fact, the inflatable element 2 is configured to arrange itself in either an extended or stretched configuration depending on the stresses/strains applied to the material. Additionally, inflatable element 2 has a gas-tight structure such that the same element can transition from a deflated condition (relaxed condition of the inflatable element) to an inflated condition in which the sheet material of the inflatable element is substantially stretched (under tension).

For example, the sheet material of inflatable element 2 may be made of monolayer plastic film that is gas-tight and deformable. In the case of monolayer plastic film, this may define an elastically deformable inflatable element structure. Alternatively, the sheet material of inflatable element 2 may be made of multilayer material; for example, the sheet material defining inflatable element 2 may comprise:

• • a first layer made of plastic film material,
  • a second layer made of fabric coupled to the first layer, optionally fixed by glue or heat-sealing.

The first layer may be of an impermeable type and define the gas barrier layer such that the inflatable element 2 can be inflated; for example, the first layer may comprise a plastic material film, e.g., polyurethane, PVC, EVA, polyethylene, polypropylene, silicone rubber, rubber, or similar materials. The second layer may substantially define the structural element of the multilayer sheet, e.g., configured to prevent the inflatable element from bursting during its transition from a deflated to an inflated (operational) condition; for example, the second layer may be made of fabric, e.g., nylon or polyester. In the case of multilayer sheet material this may be of a deformable type but substantially not elastically deformable.

As visible in FIG. 7, inflatable element 2 extends along a longitudinal trajectory T2 suitable for delimiting a seat for housing a user's neck. In fact, the inflatable element has an elongated configuration, with substantially arcuate development, to define the seat for housing the user's neck.

For example, the inflatable element 2 may have an overall length, measured along the longitudinal trajectory, of more than 20 cm, optionally between 30 and 100 cm. The width of inflatable element 2 is less than its length; in particular, the ratio between the length and the width of inflatable element 2 is greater than 1.5, optionally between 2 and 7. FIGS. 7 and 8 schematically show inflatable element 2 in a deflated condition; as can be seen, in the deflated condition, the inflatable element 2 has a substantially slab-like structure wherein the height (or thickness) of inflatable element 2 is much less than the other two dimensions of inflatable element 2 itself, i.e., the length and width of inflatable element 2.

FIG. 7 shows the inflatable element placed in a lying condition wherein inflatable element 2 lies substantially on an ideal plane. In such a lying condition, the longitudinal trajectory T2 is substantially parallel to said ideal plane while the width of the inflatable element is measured orthogonally to the longitudinal trajectory T2 of the inflatable element 2 and parallel to said ideal plane. The thickness or height of the inflatable element is measured orthogonally to said ideal plane.

The inflatable element 2 comprises at least one wall of sheet material delimiting an internal volume of the inflatable element 2 and having a first and second portions facing each other; as mentioned above, the inflatable element 2 is configurable between:

• • the deflated condition (see, e.g., FIGS. 7 and 8) in which the first and second portions of the at least one wall, for a preponderant part of its surface extent, are side by side and at least partially in contact with each other,
  • the inflated condition (see for example FIG. 9), in which the first and second portions of the at least one wall, for a preponderant part of its surface extent, are spaced apart.

As visible from FIG. 9, the inflatable element 2, in the inflated condition, defines a larger internal volume than the internal volume defined by the same when arranged in the deflated condition. In detail, the at least one wall of inflatable element 2, in section along a plane orthogonal to the longitudinal extension trajectory T2 of the inflatable element 2, defines a closed perimeter edge having a predetermined length; the ratio between the length of said perimeter edge in the inflated condition of the inflatable element 2 and the length of the same perimeter edge in the deflated condition of the inflatable element 2 is equal to or greater than 1.2, optionally it is between 2 and 6 including the extremes. In fact, the inflatable element is configured to deform elastically so as to increase its surface extension.

In detail, the at least one wall of the inflatable element 2 may comprise at least one first wall 2a and at least one second wall 2b made of sheet material: the first wall 2a has a central area, which defines said first portion of the at least one wall while the second wall 2b has a central area, which defines said second portion of the at least one wall. The first and second walls 2a, 2b are engaged with each other at a peripheral edge 2c to define a single peripheral engagement portion. The peripheral engagement portion substantially defines a band of union between the fluid-tight walls 2a, 2b. Depending on the sheet material of the walls, they may be joined together to define the peripheral edge 2c by at least one of: glue, weld, seam. In a not limiting embodiment, the first and second walls 2a, 2b of the inflatable element 2 are joined together by at least one of the following processes: hot pressing, high frequency welding, ultrasonic welding.

As mentioned above, the inflatable element 2 has an elongated shape that is either substantially “U-shaped” or substantially “C-shaped.” In fact, the inflatable element 2 has an inner peripheral portion and an outer peripheral portion: the peripheral edge 2c of joining the first and second walls 2a, 2b extends along the entire inner and outer peripheral portions. In other words, the welded peripheral edge extends along the entire perimeter of the inflatable element 2 (FIG. 7).

As mentioned above, the inflatable element 2, in the deflated condition, defines a substantially sheet-like shape (optionally uni-planar). The inflatable element 2 may comprise at least one inflatable layer defined by the at least one wall extending along a longitudinal trajectory T2, optionally to define a wall having, in section, substantially closed-loop shape. In detail, the inflatable element may be defined by a single inflatable layer defined substantially by the first and second walls 2a, 2b joined together at the peripheral edge 2c.

Alternatively, as illustrated in FIGS. 7 and 8, the inflatable element 2 may comprise a plurality of inflatable layers overlapping each other along a direction orthogonal to the ideal lying plane of the inflatable element (ideal plane defined in the lying condition of inflatable element 2). In such a configuration, the inflatable element may comprise a plurality of walls overlapping and engaged with each other to substantially define an accordion structure which, in the inflated condition of the inflatable element, define a sheet-like shape (substantially uni-planar) while, in the inflated condition, define a three-dimensional structure having a height (or thickness) significantly greater than the height of the same inflatable element in the deflated condition. For example, the ratio between the maximum height of inflatable element 2, in the inflated condition, and the height of the same inflatable element 2 in the deflated condition of the inflatable element is greater than 1.2, optionally ranging from 2 to 5.

In the figures, an inflatable element 2 comprising at least a first inflatable layer S1 and at least a second inflatable layer S2 overlapped to each other according to a direction orthogonal to the longitudinal extension trajectory T2 of inflatable element 2 and orthogonal to the ideal lying plane of the inflatable element (an ideal plane identifiable in the lying condition of the inflatable element) has been illustrated in a non-limiting way. In fact, the inflatable element 2, in the lying condition along an ideal lying plane, has the first inflatable layer S1 and the second inflatable layer S2 overlapped along a direction orthogonal to said ideal plane.

In fact, the first and second inflatable layers define two overlapping open rings wherein the longitudinal trajectory of the first inflatable layer is parallel to the longitudinal trajectory of the second inflatable layer.

As shown, for example, from the cross-sectional view in FIG. 15, the first inflatable layer S1 may define an inflatable chamber 21 in fluid communication with an inflatable chamber 22 of the second inflatable layer S2; thus, directly inflating even only one inflatable layer may allow indirect inflation of the other inflatable layer.

The first inflatable layer S1 comprises a first and a second wall of sheet material engaged with each other at a peripheral edge to define the inflatable chamber. The second inflatable layer S2 comprises a respective first and second wall made of sheet material engaged with each other at a peripheral edge to define the respective inflatable chamber. As mentioned above, the first and second layers are overlapping, i.e., placed on top of each other according to the thickness or height of the inflatable element 2. The second wall of the first inflatable layer is then facing and joined to the first wall of the second inflatable layer; in other words, the second wall of the first layer is interposed between the first wall of the first inflatable layer and the first wall of the second inflatable layer. In the same way, the first wall of the second inflatable layer is interposed between the second wall of the first inflatable layer and the second wall of the second inflatable layer. The structure of the inflatable element as shown in FIGS. 8 and 9 has an accordion structure. This structure allows inflatable element 2, in the deflated condition, to occupy a small space in thickness (FIGS. 7, 8 and 11) while defining a certain three-dimensional structure having the desired height when arranged in the inflated condition (FIGS. 9 and 15).

In the attached figures, only, in a non-limiting way, an inflatable element 2 having an elastically deformable accordion structure during the transition from the deflated to the inflated condition has been illustrated. Of course, the possibility of using an inflatable element 2 having a different structure (e.g., not accordion-shaped) consisting substantially of a first and a second wall joined together to define a single inflatable chamber or of using an inflatable element that is deformable but not in an elastic manner is not excluded.

The protection device 1 also comprises an envelope 3 also made of sheet material, defining a compartment V (in particular a single compartment V) in which the inflatable element 2 is housed. The compartment V delimited by the envelope defines a single closed internal volume in which the inflatable element 2 is entirely contained. In other words, the envelope 3 defines a kind of closed bag that contains the additional closed bag defined by the inflatable element 2. As will be better described later, the envelope 3 is made of deformable sheet material, optionally at least partially elastically deformable; this structure in itself guarantees a certain deformability of the sheet material capable of moving as a function of applied stresses. The thickness of the sheet material forming the envelope 3 may be between 0.05 and 5 mm, optionally between 0.1 and 3 mm.

As shown in FIGS. 5 and 6, the envelope 3 also has an elongated shape: the envelope 3 extends along a respective longitudinal trajectory T to delimit a seat S configured to allow a user's neck to be housed. In detail, the longitudinal trajectory T of the envelope 3 is substantially arcuate and is either substantially U-shaped or substantially C-shaped. Thus, the longitudinal trajectory T of the envelope 3 defines an open-type profile to substantially define an open loop (FIG. 5). The longitudinal trajectory T2 of the inflatable element 2 is substantially coincident with the longitudinal trajectory T of the envelope 3. As can be seen, the envelope 3 is countershaped to the inflatable element 2 and they have, in the inflated condition and the deflated condition of the inflatable element, substantially the same size (optionally the same length, width and height). In particular, the envelope 3, in the deflated condition of inflatable element 2, defines a substantially sheet-like shape; for example, the envelope 3, in the deflated condition of the inflatable element and in a condition lying along an ideal plane, defines a substantially uni-planar structure. In fact, the envelope 3 is countershaped to inflatable element 2; as schematically seen in FIGS. 11 and 15, the envelope 3 and the inflatable element have, in both the inflated and deflated condition of inflatable element 2, substantially the same size. An example of inflatable element 2 is shown in FIG. 11, which, for ease of representations and identification of the various elements, is illustrated as detached and smaller in size than the envelope; the possibility of making the envelope 3 and the inflatable element 2 that are configured to remain in contact with each other, both in the inflated and deflated condition of the inflatable element, is not excluded. In fact, the structure of the envelope 3 allows it to follow the elastic deformation of the inflatable element so that it can switch from a substantially sheet-like shape condition to a three-dimensional condition as illustrated, for example, in FIG. 15.

Dimensionally, the envelope 3 may have an overall length, measured along the longitudinal trajectory T, greater than 20 cm, optionally between 30 and 100 cm, optionally slightly greater than (substantially equal to) the length of the inflatable element 2.

The envelope 3 has, along the longitudinal trajectory T, an outer peripheral portion and an opposing inner peripheral portion; the inner peripheral portion of the envelope delimits the seat S. The distance between the inner and outer peripheral portions of the envelope defines a width of said envelope 3 which is less than the length of the envelope itself. in particular, the ratio between the length and the width of the envelope 3 is greater than 1.5, optionally ranging from 2 to 7. Quantitatively, the width of the envelope 3 may be between 4 and 20 cm, optionally between 5 and 15 cm.

In more detail, the envelope 3 in extension trajectory along the longitudinal trajectory has a first and second branch 31, 32 connected by a connecting branch (FIGS. 5 and 6). The connecting branch 33 is basically interposed between the first and second branches 31, 32. In other words, the first and second branches 31, 32 of the envelope 3 are opposed to each other with respect to the seat S delimited by the envelope 3 itself. The first branch, second branch and connecting branch define the compartment and thus the single internal volume: the first branch, second branch and connecting branch are thus in fluid communication with each other to delimit the compartment V in which the inflatable element 2 is housed.

As shown in FIGS. 5 and 6, the connecting branch 33 extends substantially between a first and second end portions 33a, 33b; the first branch 31 extends between a respective first and second end portions 31a, 31b: the first end portion 31a of the first branch 31 is directly connected to the first end portion of the connecting branch. Identically, the second branch 32 extends between a respective first and second end portions 32a, 32b: the first end portion 32a of the second branch 32 is connected to the second end portion of the connecting branch.

On the other hand, the second ends 31b, 32b of the first and second branches 31, 32, respectively, are spaced from the connecting branch 33 and are facing each other to define the open profile of the envelope (FIGS. 5 and 6).

In detail, the first branch 31 may extend substantially along an arcuate trajectory, the arcuate trajectory of which faces the second branch 32. Identically, the second branch 32 may also extend along an arcuate trajectory, the concavity of which faces the first branch 31.

The first and second branches 31, 32 may thus be substantially identical to each other, optionally in shape and size. The first branch extends in length between the first and second end portions 31a, 31b; the length of the first branch 31 determines the protection of the lateral part of the user's neck. For example, the length of the first branch may be between 5 and 40 cm, optionally between 10 and 30 cm.

The second branch extends in length between the first and second end portions 32a, 32b; the length of the first branch 31 determines the protection of the side part of the user's neck. For example, the length of the first branch may be between 5 and 40 cm, optionally between 10 and 30 cm. The length of the first branch 31 may be substantially the same as the length of the second branch 32.

The connecting branch 33 extends in length between the respective first and second end portions 33a, 33b along a trajectory that may be straight (FIGS. 5 and 6) or also substantially arcuate, the concavity of which faces the extension trajectory of the first and second branches. On the other hand, the length of the connecting branch 33 determines the protection of the neck of the user and may be equal to or less than the length of the first and/or second branch. For example, the length of the first branch may be between 5 and 40 cm, optionally between 10 and 30 cm.

The envelope 3 may comprise an inner cover 4 and an outer cover 5 both made of sheet material, at least partially facing each other and delimiting the compartment V which has a closed volume in which the inflatable element 2 is housed. The inner and outer covers 4, 5 may be joined together at least at a peripheral portion, for example by seam, to substantially define and at least partially closed bag. FIG. 3 shows, in a non-limiting way, an envelope 3 in which the inner and outer covers are fixed (e.g., sewn) for substantially the entire extent of the peripheral portion 3c to substantially define a fully closed pouch. The type of engagement between first and second covers may depend on the type of material used for the envelope; for example, wherein a woven material is used, it may be possible to fix the inner and outer covers by seam. The possibility of joining said covers 4, 5 by glue or by a heat-sealing process is not excluded. In an embodiment, the inner and outer covers 4, 5 are basically faced and joined together to define a closed-type V compartment.

In fact, the envelope 3 consists solely of the inner and outer cover 4, 5 which may be joined together in solely at the outer peripheral portion of the envelope, solely at the inner peripheral portion, or at the inner peripheral portion and at the outer peripheral portion of the envelope. In fact, the outer peripheral portions of the inner and outer covers coincide with the outer peripheral portion of the envelope 3 while the inner peripheral portions of the inner and outer covers coincide with the inner peripheral portion of the envelope 3.

The inner and outer covers have a width and length that basically correspond to the length and width of the envelope. In detail, the inner cover 4, at least in the deflated condition, extends in width L1 from a respective outer peripheral portion and a respective inner peripheral portion. Such width L1 of inner cover 4 is measured substantially orthogonally to the longitudinal trajectory T of the envelope 3 and may be, in the deflated condition of the inflatable element 2, between 4 cm and 20 cm, optionally between 5 cm and 15 cm.

Equally, the outer cover 5, at least in the deflated condition, extends in width L2 between a respective outer peripheral portion and a respective inner peripheral portion. Such width L2 of outer cover 5 is measured substantially orthogonally to the longitudinal trajectory T of the envelope 3, which may be, in the deflated condition of the inflatable element 2, between 4 cm and 20 cm, optionally between 5 cm and 15 cm.

As visible, for example, in FIG. 11, the inner and outer covers 4, 5 of the envelope 3, in the deflated condition of the inflatable element 2, are substantially facing and side by side each other; as shown, the inner and outer covers 4, 5 of the envelope 3, in the deflated condition of the inflatable element 2, are substantially overlapping each other, optionally by interposition of the inflatable element 2.

As mentioned above, the inflatable element 2 has, in the deflated condition, a substantially uniplanar conformation; identically, the envelope 3, then the inner and outer covers 4, 5 of the envelope 3, in the deflated condition of the inflatable element 2, lie substantially on respective surfaces at least partially and substantially parallel to each other to define a substantially flat or flattened structure (optionally substantially uniplanar). In fact, both the inner and outer covers 4, 5 of the envelope 3, in the deflated condition of the inflatable element, are substantially facing and side by side each other; the inner and outer covers 4, 5 of the envelope 3, in the deflated condition of the inflatable element 2, lie on respective surfaces at least partially and substantially parallel to each other. As shown from the attached figures, the inner and outer covers 4, 5 of the envelope 3, in the deflated condition of the inflatable element 2, define a substantially sheet-like body.

In detail, the inner and outer covers, in at least one of the deflated and inflated condition of the inflatable element, are kept apart, for a preponderant part of the surface extent of said covers (e.g., at least 70%, optionally at least 80%, of the surface extent of said covers 4, 5) by interposition of the inflatable element 2. In detail, the first wall 2a of the inflatable element, in the deflated condition and the inflated condition of the inflatable element 2, for at least 70% (optionally at least 80%) of its surface extent is in contact with the inner cover 4; at least a second wall 2b of the inflatable element 2, in the deflated condition and the inflated condition of the inflatable element 2, for at least 70% (optionally at least 80%) of its surface extent is in contact with the outer cover 5.

The inflatable element 2 may be fixed to at least one of the inner and outer covers 4, 5, optionally at the peripheral portions joined together of said covers 4, 5. For example, as shown in the sectional views of FIGS. 11 and 15, the inflatable element 2 is sewn (see the seam C) to at least one of the inner and outer cover 4, 5, optionally at the seam joining said covers 4, 5, placed at the outer peripheral portion of the envelope 3. In particular, at least part of the peripheral edge 2c may be joined, for example by seams, to the inner and/or outer cover. In particular, the outer peripheral portion of the inflatable element is facing the outer peripheral portion of the envelope while the inner peripheral portion of the inflatable element is facing the inner peripheral portion of the envelope: at least one tract of the outer peripheral portion and/or said inner peripheral portion of the inflatable element 2 may be fixed to the envelope 3, for example by sewing. In this way, joining by edge 2c prevents damage to the walls of inflatable element 2 and at the same time allows it to be kept in the correct position within the compartment V of the envelope 3.

As mentioned above, the envelope 3 is substantially countershaped to the inflatable element 2. In particular, the envelope is configured to house the inflatable element 2 when in the deflated condition and contain it when in the inflated condition. In fact, the envelope 3 is configured to change its shape according to the condition of the inflatable element.

As visible from FIGS. 11 and 15, the inner and outer covers 4, 5, optionally in the deflated condition and the inflated condition of inflatable element 2, have a maximum distance from each other to define an envelope thickness or height. The height (or thickness) of the envelope 3, in the deflated condition, of the inflatable element 2 may be less than 4 cm, optionally between 0.1 and 3 cm. The inner and outer covers 4, 5, in the inflated condition of the inflatable element 2 have a maximum distance from each other to define a thickness or height H of the envelope 3. The height (or thickness) of the envelope 3, in the inflated condition of the inflatable element 2, is greater than the height (or thickness) of the same envelope 3 when the inflatable element 2 is in the deflated condition. In particular, the ratio between the height (or thickness) of the envelope 3, in the inflated condition of the inflatable element 2, and the height (or thickness) of the same envelope 3 in the deflated condition of the inflatable element 2 is equal to or greater than 1.5, optionally ranging from 3 to 10. Quantitatively, the height (or thickness) of the envelope 3, in the inflated condition of the inflatable element 2, may be greater than 3 cm, optionally between 4 and 20 cm. The uniplanar structure of the envelope 3 and the inflatable element 2 allow the protection device to occupy a reduced space when the inflatable element 2 is in the deflated condition, resulting therefore comfortable to wear. On the other hand, when inflatable element 2 is in the inflated condition, the envelope 3 and the inflatable element extend high enough to be able to protect a user's neck; in particular, the connecting branch protects the nape of the neck while the first and second branches 31, 32 of the envelope 3 wrap around the neck to define a kind of open ring that protects and supports the neck in case of impact.

As mentioned above, the envelope 3 has an at least partially elastically deformable structure that allows the envelope, during the transition from the deflated to the inflated condition of the inflatable element, to expand to increase its surface extent. In this way, the envelope 3 may define a thin, compact structure during the deflated condition of inflatable element 2 and a three-dimensional structure, in the inflated condition of the inflatable element 2, that can protect the user's neck in case of impact. The at least partially elastically deformable structure also allows the expansion of the inflatable element 2 to be contained, preventing it from bursting and at the same time allows the inflatable element and the envelope itself to be returned to a substantially flat (optionally substantially uniplanar) condition during the transition of the inflatable element from the inflated to the inflated condition.

In particular, the envelope 3 has, in the deflated condition of inflatable element 2, a first surface extension lower than a second surface extension defined by the same envelope in the inflated condition of the inflatable element. In detail, the ratio between the second surface extension and the first surface extension of the envelope is 1.1 or more, optionally between 1.2 and 7, even more optionally between 1.5 and 5, even more optionally between 2 and 4.

In more detail, the envelope 3 has an outer surface, which, in the deflated condition of inflatable element 2, has a first area lower than a second area defined by the same outer surface of the envelope 3 when the inflatable element is in the inflated condition. The ratio between the value of the second area of the outer surface of the envelope and the value of the first area of the outer surface of the envelope 3 may be 1.1 or more, optionally between 1.2 and 7, even more optionally between 1.5 and 5, even more optionally between 2 and 4. Quantitatively, the value of the first surface extension area of the envelope 3 may be equal to or less than 6,000 cm², optionally between 500 and 2,000 cm², even more optionally between 650 and 1,500 cm² while the value of the second surface extension area of the envelope is equal to or less than 10,000 cm², optionally between 700 and 3,000 cm², even more optionally between 850 and 2,000 cm²

In other words, the expansion condition of the envelope 3 may be described by the elastic deformation undergone by the envelope in terms of extension of the outer perimeter. In fact, the envelope 3 has, in section along a plane orthogonal to the longitudinal trajectory T, a closed outer perimeter. This outer perimeter of the envelope, in the deflated condition of the inflatable element, has a first length less than a second length of the outer perimeter of the envelope, in the inflated condition of the inflatable element. In particular, the ratio between the value of the second length and the value of the first length of the outer perimeter of the envelope may be 1.1 or more, optionally between 1.2 and 7, even more optionally between 1.5 and 5, even more optionally between 2 and 4.

The length of the outer perimeter (in section) of the envelope may be substantially constant or variable along the longitudinal trajectory T. For example, the outer perimeter, in the inflated condition of inflatable element 2, defined by the envelope 3, at connecting branch 33 and in section along a plane orthogonal to the longitudinal trajectory, may have a length equal to or greater than a length of the outer perimeter of the envelope 3 defined in the inflated condition of the inflatable element 2, at the first branch or second branch and in section along a plane orthogonal to the longitudinal trajectory. Additionally, the outer perimeter, in the deflated condition of the inflatable element 2, defined by the envelope 3, at connecting branch 33 and in section along a plane orthogonal to the longitudinal trajectory, has a length equal to or greater than a length of the outer perimeter of the envelope 3 defined in the deflated condition of the inflatable element 2, at correspondence of the first branch or second branch and in section along a plane orthogonal to the longitudinal trajectory.

Quantitatively, the length of the outer perimeter of the envelope 3 in the deflated condition of the inflatable element 2 may be 30 cm or less, optionally between 10 cm and 25 cm. In contrast, the length of the outer perimeter of the envelope 3, in the inflated condition of the inflatable element 2, may be 20 cm or more, optionally between 30 cm and 70 cm.

In detail, the length of the outer perimeter of the envelope 3, at the first or second branch and in the deflated condition of the inflatable element 2, may be equal to or less than 30 cm, optionally between 10 cm and 25 cm, while the length of the outer perimeter of the envelope, at the first or second branch and in the inflated condition of the inflatable element 2, may be equal to or more than 20 cm, optionally between 30 cm and 70 cm. The length of the outer perimeter of the envelope 3, at the connecting branch and in the deflated condition of the inflatable element 2, is equal to or less than 30 cm, optionally between 10 cm and 25 cm, while the length of the outer perimeter of the envelope, at the connecting branch and in the inflated condition of the inflatable element 2, is equal to or greater than 20 cm, optionally between 30 cm and 70 cm.

As mentioned above, the envelope 3 is made at least partly, optionally entirely, of sheet material, e.g., at least partly of woven material. For example, the envelope 3 may be made at least in part, optionally entirely, of at least one of the following materials: fabric (optionally perforated) comprising in composition at least one of: nylon, polyester, cotton, synthetic aramid fiber (optionally Kevlar), leather, nonwoven fabric.

The structure and/or material of the envelope 3 is at least partly made of elastically deformable material; in particular, the portion of the envelope 3 made of elastically deformable material is configured to deform elastically during the transition of the inflatable element 2 from the deflated to the inflated condition. In detail, the structure of the envelope 3 allows the envelope itself to expand in a controlled manner and at the same time control the expansion of the inflatable element 2 housed in compartment V.

In detail, at least 5%, optionally between 10% and 40%, of the envelope 3 is made of elastically deformable material. In more detail still, the inner cover 4 of the envelope 3 comprises:

• • a first portion made of a first material,
  • a second portion made of a second material.

The surface extent of the first and second portions of the inner cover 4 defines the total surface extent of the inner cover 4. The first portion of the inner cover 4 has a predetermined surface extent greater than a surface extent of the second portion of the same inner cover 4; in particular, the ratio between the value of the area relative to the surface extent of the first portion of the inner cover and the value of the area relative the surface extent of the second portion of the same inner cover is equal to or greater than 2, optionally between 3 and 10.

The first portion of the inner cover is arranged at the outer peripheral portion of the inner cover 4; in particular, the first portion of the inner cover 4 extends along the entire outer peripheral portion of the inner cover 4 itself. Quantitatively, the first portion of the inner cover 4 is, for a preponderant portion of its extent (e.g., at least 70%, optionally at least 80%, of its surface extent) spaced from the inner peripheral portion of the inner cover 4 itself; on the other hand, the second portion of the inner cover 4 is arranged at the inner peripheral portion of the inner cover 4 itself: the second portion of the inner cover is spaced from the outer peripheral portion of the inner cover 4 itself.

The first material of the first portion of the inner cover 4 is different from the second material of the second portion of the same inner cover 4. In more detail, the first material is less elastically deformable than the second material of the same inner cover 4. In greater detail, the first material of the first portion of the inner cover 4 is substantially non-elastically deformable, i.e., comprises fabric (optionally perforated) comprising at least one of: nylon, polyester, cotton, synthetic aramid fiber (optionally Kevlar), leather, non-woven fabric in the composition. In particular, the first portion may have a perforated structure suitable for high gas permeability.

The second material of the second portion of the inner cover 4, during the transition of the inflatable element from the deflated condition to the inflated condition, is elastically deformable. For example, the second material of the inner cover may comprise at least one of the following materials: rubber, polyurethane, polyurethane synthetic fibers, optionally elastane.

The outer cover 5 of the envelope 3 may also comprise:

• • a respective first portion made of a first material,
  • a respective second portion made of a second material.

The surface extent of the first and second portions of the outer cover 5 defines the total surface extent of the outer cover 5. In particular, the ratio between the value of the area relating to a surface extension of the first portion of the outer cover 5 and the value of the area relating to a surface extension of the second portion of the same outer cover is between 0.5 and 3, optionally between 0.7 and 2.

The first portion of the outer cover is arranged at the outer peripheral portion of the outer cover 5: the first portion of the outer cover 5 extends along a part (optionally between 30% and 80%) of the outer peripheral portion of the outer cover 5 itself while the same first portion of the outer cover 5 is, for a preponderant part of its extension (e.g., at least 70%, optionally at least 80%, of its surface extension) spaced from the inner peripheral portion of the outer cover 5 itself. The second portion of the outer cover 5 is arranged at the inner peripheral portion of the outer cover 5 itself and is also arranged, for a portion, at the outer peripheral portion of the outer cover 5: the second portion of the outer cover 5 is arranged on the first branch 31, the second branch 32, and the connecting branch 33 of the envelope 3.

The first material of the first portion of the outer cover 5 is different from the second material of the second portion of the same outer cover 5: the first material of the first portion of the outer cover 5 is less elastically deformable than the second material of the second portion of the same outer cover 5. In particular, the first material of the first portion of the outer cover 5 is substantially non-elastically deformable. For example, the first material of the first portion of the outer cover 5 comprises fabric (optionally perforated), comprising at least one of: nylon, polyester, cotton, synthetic aramid fiber (optionally Kevlar), leather, nonwoven fabric.

The second material of the second portion of the outer cover 5, during the transition of the inflatable element 2 from the deflated to the inflated condition, is elastically deformable. For example, the second material of the second portion of the outer cover 5 comprises at least one of the following materials: rubber, polyurethane, polyurethane synthetic fibers, optionally elastane.

The first portion of the outer cover 5 extends only for the first and second branches 31, 32 of the envelope 3: the first portion of the outer cover 5 does not extend at the connecting branch 33 of the envelope 3. The first portion of the inner cover 4 is arranged on the first branch 31, second branch 32 and connecting branch 33 of the envelope 3; the second portion of the inner cover 4, for a preponderant part of its surface extent (e.g., at least 70%, optionally at least 80%, of its surface extent) is arranged on the first and second branches 31, 32 of the envelope 3.

The first substantially non-elastically deformable inner cover material 4 may be different from the first outer cover material 5. For example, the first inner cover material may be a nonwoven fabric, optionally perforated nylon while the first outer cover material may be leather.

In contrast, the second elastically deformable material of the second portion of the inner cover 4 may be identical to the second elastically deformable material of the second portion of the outer cover 5. For example, said second material may comprise at least one of the following materials: rubber, polyurethane, synthetic polyurethane fibers, optionally elastane.

The protection device 1 may further comprise at least one actuator 15 (FIG. 2) configured to be placed in fluid communication with the inflatable element 2 to allow it to transition from the deflated to the inflated condition. The actuator 15 may comprise a pressure vessel. The protective device 1 may further comprise:

• • an activator comprises, for example, a pyrotechnic charge and/or a perforator configured to activate the actuator 15 to allow the inflatable element 2 to transition from the deflated condition to the inflated condition,
  • a control unit connected and active in command on the activator, wherein the control unit is configured to send a command signal to the activator to activate (e.g., open) the actuator 15.

The protection device 1 may additionally comprise at least one sensor configured to output a signal representative of a user condition. The control unit is configured to:

• • receive the signal from the sensor,
  • compare the received signal with at least one threshold value of a control parameter,
  • determine, based on the comparison, the presence of an accident condition for the user, and,
  • if determined such an accident condition, send the control signal to the activator to determine the inflated condition of the inflatable element 2.

The at least one sensor may comprise at least one of: a gyroscope, an accelerometer, a GPS.

Manufacturing Process

It is also an object of the present invention to provide a process of making a protection device 1. The process comprises a step of arranging the inflatable element 2 in the deflated condition. In detail, the step of arranging the inflatable element 2 comprises the sub-steps of:

• • preparing at least a first sheet,
  • overlap at least a second sheet with the first sheet,
  • fluid-tightly join the first and second sheets at a peripheral area to define said inflatable element 2.

Depending on the structure of inflatable element 2, i.e., single-layer inflatable or multi-layer inflatable, two or more sheets can be provided overlapping and joined at the peripheral edge. FIG. 7 shows the inflatable element in the deflated condition.

The material of the inflatable element, especially of the at least one first and second sheet, may be of the gas impermeable type, for example, the first and second sheets may be made at least partially of at least one of the following materials: polyurethane, PVC, EVA, polyethylene, polypropylene, silicone rubber, rubber. The step of joining the first and second sheet may comprise at least of the following processes: gluing, seam, welding. In particular, the first and second sheets may be welded, optionally heat-sealed, together to define the peripheral edge of the inflatable element 2.

The process then involves a step of preparing the envelope 3 in an open condition in which said envelope defines an open volume. This step involves the preparation of a flat semifinished sheet material having at least one portion in elastically deformable material. Thereafter, the process involves a step of fixing the inflatable element 2 to the flat semifinished product, for example, by seam, and thereafter, closing said semifinished product such that the same may define the envelope having the inflatable element housed in the compartment V. The step of fixing the inflatable element 2 to the envelope 3 may comprise the following sub-steps:

• • lay the semi-finished sheet material on a single plane,
  • overlap the inflatable element 2 to said semi-finished product,
  • fix and wrap said semi-finished product to the inflatable element 2 so that said semi-finished product may define the envelope 3.

As mentioned above, the semi-finished product comprises at least one sheet of at least partially elastically deformable material. For example, the semi-finished product may be made at least in part, optionally entirely, of fabric (optionally perforated), comprising at least one of: nylon, polyester, cotton, synthetic aramid fiber (optionally Kevlar), leather, nonwoven fabric.

In more detail, at least part of the semi-finished product that will later define the envelope 3 is made of elastically deformable material while the remaining part is made of substantially non-elastically deformable, and optionally wear-resistant material such as, for example, leather or nonwoven nylon and Kevlar.

Use of the Protection Device

It is also an object of the present invention a use of the protection device 1 for protecting the neck of a user. The protection device 1 may be used directly as a garment, such as being an integral part of a suit (see, for example, the schematization in FIGS. 1 and 2), a jacket, or a vest (condition not shown), or it may be an integral part of a neck protection accessory (condition not shown). Alternatively, protection device 1 may be of the type that can be coupled (attachable or detachably committed) to a garment or accessory for the protection of a user.

Protective Process

The process comprises an initial step of arranging the protection device 1 on a user so that the neck of said user is accommodated in the seat S of the protection device 1. Said step takes place during the deflated condition of the inflatable element: said positioning is allowed due to the deformability of the protection device which allows the seat S to be enlarged, in particular spacing the first and second branches 31, 32, relative to each other so that the user may easily position the neck in the seat S. Following neck positioning in seat S, the protection device 1 due to its deformability may be wrapped (always in the deflated condition of inflatable element 2) around the user's neck.

As schematized in FIG. 10, the protection device 1, in the deflated condition of the inflatable element 2, has a substantially uniplanar structure resting on the shoulders and around the neck of a user; the protection device 1, in the deflated condition, does not cover the user's neck but is lying on the shoulders and at the base of the nape of the user's neck.

The process then involves a step of actuating the protection device 1 in such a way that inflatable element 2 may switch from the deflated to the inflated condition. As can be seen in FIG. 13, the protection device, in the inflated condition, covers most of a user's neck. In fact, the protection device 1, during the transition from the deflated to the inflated condition of the inflatable element 2, extends predominantly in height along the development of the user's neck. In detail, the protection device 1, during the transition from the deflated condition to the inflated condition, expands from the user's shoulders to cover a preponderant part of the user's neck: in particular, the connecting branch 33 of the envelope 3 covers a large part of the nape of the user's neck while the first and second branches 31, 32 extend substantially from the nape of the user's neck to the user's chin.

As shown in FIGS. 10 to 13, the outer peripheral portion of the envelope 3 during the transition of the inflatable element 2 from the deflated to the inflated condition remains substantially in contact with the user's shoulders while the inner peripheral portion of the envelope expands substantially in height to cover a preponderant portion of the user's neck.

During this expansion phase, both inflatable element 2 and envelope 3 elastically deform in such a way as to increase their respective surface extension and adequately cover the user's neck. Following the inflated condition, the inflatable element 2 may be returned to the deflated condition. During such a transition, the envelope, due to its ability to elastically deform, decreases in size (the internal volume of compartment V is reduced), forcing the escape of gas from the inflatable element; thus, the envelope structure allows the elastic element to be returned to a substantially uniplanar condition following the inflated condition.

Garment

The garment 100 comprises at least one of: a jacket, a vest, a suit (optionally a motorcycle suit or a motorsport suit), technical sportswear. Garment 100 comprises an outer layer and an inner layer. The protection device 1 may be an integral part of the garment; under this condition, the inner cover 4 of the envelope 3 of the protection device 1 defines a part of the inner layer of the garment while the outer cover 5 of the envelope 3 of the protection device 1 defines a part of the outer layer of the garment.

Alternatively, protection device 1 may be engaged to an inner layer of the jacket or vest or suit, arranged at the collar.

The present invention has important advantages over solutions of the known art. The presence of an envelope 3 capable of expanding so as to increase its external surface area makes it possible to provide an extremely compact and comfortable protection device 1 in the deflated condition of the inflatable element, capable of increasing its size during the transition from the inflated condition to the deflated condition of the inflatable element 2 so that it can adequately protect a user's neck from unwanted impacts and stresses.

While at least one exemplary embodiment of the present invention(s) is disclosed herein, it should be understood that modifications, substitutions and alternatives may be apparent to one of ordinary skill in the art and can be made without departing from the scope of this disclosure. This disclosure is intended to cover any adaptations or variations of the exemplary embodiment(s). In addition, in this disclosure, the terms “comprise” or “comprising” do not exclude other elements or steps, the terms “a” or “one” do not exclude a plural number, and the term “or” means either or both, unless the disclosure states otherwise. Furthermore, characteristics or steps which have been described may also be used in combination with other characteristics or steps and in any order unless the disclosure or context suggests otherwise. This disclosure hereby incorporates by reference the complete disclosure of any patent or application from which it claims benefit or priority.