ClassID:

234524

H05K2201/09727 - CPC Classification

Classification description:

Indexing scheme relating to printed circuits covered by; Shape and layout; Shape and layout details of conductors covering at least two types of conductors provided for in - Varying width along a single conductor; Conductors or pads having different widths

Recent Application in this class:
#1
20260150185
2026-05-28

FLEXIBLE SUBSTRATE

#2
20250386427
2025-12-18

WIRING CIRCUIT BOARD

#3
20250374427
2025-12-04

CIRCUIT BOARD, SEMICONDUCTOR MODULE AND SEMICONDUCTOR SYSTEM

#4
20250247946
2025-07-31

POWER BOARD

#5
20250240877
2025-07-24

WIRING CIRCUIT BOARD

#6
20250212336
2025-06-26

PRINTED CIRCUIT BOARD

#7
20250126710
2025-04-17

PRINTED CIRCUIT BOARD

#8
20250113433
2025-04-03

BACKPLANE FOOTPRINT FOR HIGH SPEED, HIGH DENSITY ELECTRICAL CONNECTORS

#9
20250048535
2025-02-06

Core Resonance Suppression in Signal Integrity Optimized Package

#10
20250048533
2025-02-06

MULTILAYER BOARD, MULTILAYER BOARD MODULE, AND ELECTRONIC DEVICE

#11
20240431030
2024-12-26

PRINTED WIRING BOARD

#12
20240422900
2024-12-19

WIRING BOARD AND MANUFACTURING METHOD FOR THE SAME

#13
20240387344
2024-11-21

CIRCUIT BOARD

#14
20240292530
2024-08-29

WIRING BOARD, ELECTRONIC COMPONENT STORAGE PACKAGE, AND ELECTRONIC DEVICE

#15
20240074038
2024-02-29

MULTILAYER SUBSTRATE

#16
20240023237
2024-01-18

WIRING CIRCUIT BOARD

#17
20240023232
2024-01-18

Backplane footprint for high speed, high density electrical connectors

#18
20230403790
2023-12-14

CIRCUIT BOARD

#19
20230369192
2023-11-16

DUAL TRACE THICKNESS FOR SINGLE LAYER ROUTING

#20
20230253358
2023-08-10

Bump-on-Trace Design for Enlarge Bump-to-Trace Distance

#21
20230156913
2023-05-18

Circuit board

#22
20230133827
2023-05-04

Transmission module, electronic unit, and electronic device

#23
20230046143
2023-02-16

Semiconductor device and display device

#24
20220361320
2022-11-10

Backplane footprint for high speed, high density electrical connectors

#25
20220312581
2022-09-29

Electronic circuit and circuit board

#26
20220295628
2022-09-15

Impedance matching within a signal transmission channel

#27
20220287173
2022-09-08

Electrically conductive film

#28
20220240380
2022-07-28

Printed wiring board

#29
20220225496
2022-07-14

Flexible circuit board

#30
20220201838
2022-06-23

WIRING BOARD AND METHOD FOR MANUFACTURING WIRING BOARD

#31
20220151058
2022-05-12

Printed circuit board and display device including the same

#32
20220087007
2022-03-17

Differential circuit board and semiconductor light emitting device

#33
20220046790
2022-02-10

Information handling system with split trace for high speed routing

#34
20210352807
2021-11-11

Fine feature formation techniques for printed circuit boards

#35
20210329775
2021-10-21

Backplane footprint for high speed, high density electrical connectors

#36
20210307166
2021-09-30

Land for surface mounted component

#37
20210289624
2021-09-16

MODULE AND METHOD OF MANUFACTURING THE SAME

#38
20210249344
2021-08-12

Circuit module and power supply chip module

#39
20210243900
2021-08-05

Wired circuit board and production method thereof

#40
20210227687
2021-07-22

Electronic circuit board and electronic circuit device

#41
20210219420
2021-07-15

Backplane footprint for high speed, high density electrical connectors

#42
20210204400
2021-07-01

Electrically conductive film

#43
20210161012
2021-05-27

Component carrier with electrically reliable bridge with sufficiently thick vertical thickness in through hole of thin dielectric

#44
20210136926
2021-05-06

Multi-layered circuit board

#45
20210109395
2021-04-15

Semiconductor device and display device

#46
20210089151
2021-03-25

Conductive pattern

#47
20210064103
2021-03-04

Functional panel, method for manufacturing the same and terminal

#48
20210029822
2021-01-28

Transmission line and mounting structure thereof

#49
20200404774
2020-12-24

Printed circuit board having a differential pair routing topology with negative plane routing and impedance correction structures

#50
20200371618
2020-11-26

Detection device and display device with detection function

#51
20200370733
2020-11-26

Light source module

#52
20200355971
2020-11-12

Panel, manufacturing method thereof, and terminal

#53
20200344888
2020-10-29

Wired circuit board and production method thereof

#54
20200335029
2020-10-22

Signal transmission method and apparatus, and display device

#55
20200315006
2020-10-01

Ceramic electronic component

#56
20200315005
2020-10-01

Ceramic electronic component

#57
20200260588
2020-08-13

Wired circuit board and producing method thereof

#58
20200253053
2020-08-06

Component carrier with electrically reliable bridge with sufficiently thick vertical thickness in through hole of thin dielectric

#59
20200253036
2020-08-06

Information handling system comprising a processor coupled to a board and including a differential trace pair having a first straight differential trace and a second serpentine shape differential trace

#60
20200245454
2020-07-30

Input device with reinforcement plate and wider grounding wire

#61
20200236780
2020-07-23

Electrical conductors

#62
20200229299
2020-07-16

Backplane footprint for high speed, high density electrical connectors

#63
20200170123
2020-05-28

Method for through-plating a printed circuit board and such a printed circuit board

#64
20200170103
2020-05-28

Method of utilizing serpentine regions

#65
20200126939
2020-04-23

Bump-on-trace design for enlarge bump-to-trace distance

#66
20200120787
2020-04-16

ELECTRONIC DEVICE

#67
20200100360
2020-03-26

Circuit substrate, component-mounted substrate, and methods of manufacturing circuit substrate and component-mounted substrate

#68
20200092986
2020-03-19

Differential trace pair system

#69
20200068705
2020-02-27

Backplane footprint for high speed, high density electrical connectors

#70
20200058568
2020-02-20

Wiring substrate, electronic device, and electronic module

#71
20200053873
2020-02-13

Electrically conductive film

#72
20200042121
2020-02-06

Detection device and display device with detection function

#73
20200037455
2020-01-30

Method for manufacturing circuit board

#74
20200022249
2020-01-16

Inter-board connection structure

#75
20190393143
2019-12-26

Dual trace thickness for single layer routing

#76
20190387614
2019-12-19

Flexible printed circuit board

#77
20190373737
2019-12-05

Method for manufacturing circuit board

#78
20190306976
2019-10-03

CONDUCTOR PAD FOR FLEXIBLE CIRCUITS AND FLEXIBLE CIRCUIT INCORPORATING THE SAME

#79
20190297721
2019-09-26

Differential trace pair system

#80
20190289726
2019-09-19

Method for manufacturing a high-current printed circuit board

#81
20190274213
2019-09-05

Circuit board pad mounting orientation system

#82
20190261505
2019-08-22

System and method of utilizing serpentine regions

#83
20190219859
2019-07-18

Semiconductor device and display device

#84
20190208631
2019-07-04

DUAL-DRILL PRINTED CIRCUIT BOARD VIA

#85
20190198446
2019-06-27

Printed wiring board

#86
20190174632
2019-06-06

FLEXIBLE PRINTED CIRCUIT AND ELECTRONIC DEVICE

#87
20190150273
2019-05-16

Backplane footprint for high speed, high density electrical connectors

#88
20190132944
2019-05-02

Systems and apparatuses for power electronics with high current carrying conductors

#89
20190132943
2019-05-02

Printed circuit via for KA satcom circuit boards

#90
20190132941
2019-05-02

Communication module packaging

#91
20190110359
2019-04-11

Backplane footprint for high speed, high density electrical connectors

#92
20190098764
2019-03-28

Fine feature formation techniques for printed circuit boards

#93
20190072609
2019-03-07

Transmission line

#94
20190069417
2019-02-28

Printed circuit board and method for manufacturing the same

#95
20190007259
2019-01-03

Routing-over-void-T-line-compensation

#96
20180316080
2018-11-01

High-frequency signal transmission line and electronic device

#97
20180288874
2018-10-04

Connection structure between optical device and circuit substrate, and optical transmission apparatus using the same

#98
20180283844
2018-10-04

Sensor

#99
20180279466
2018-09-27

Circuit board

#100
20180263109
2018-09-13

Multi-layer circuit member with reference planes and ground layer surrounding and separating conductive signal pads

#101
20180246601
2018-08-30

Detection device and display device with detection function

#102
20180233825
2018-08-16

Communication apparatus

#103
20180213636
2018-07-26

Crosstalk reduction between signal layers in a multilayered package by variable-width mesh plane structures

#104
20180192511
2018-07-05

Flexible printed circuit board

#105
20180159276
2018-06-07

Communications connectors including transmission lines having impedance discontinuities that improve return loss and/or insertion loss performance and related methods

#106
20180146551
2018-05-24

Wiring substrate, wiring member, liquid discharge head, liquid discharge device, and liquid discharge apparatus

#107
20180145384
2018-05-24

Electronic apparatus

#108
20180123206
2018-05-03

Signal transmission component and electronic device

#109
20180120968
2018-05-03

Electronic device

#110
20180112861
2018-04-26

LED light strip and method for manufacturing the same

#111
20180110121
2018-04-19

Circuit board and circuit device

#112
20180077800
2018-03-15

Dual-drill printed circuit board via

#113
20180070440
2018-03-08

Electronic device, method for producing same, and circuit substrate

#114
20180070439
2018-03-08

Backplane footprint for high speed, high density electrical connectors

#115
20180054893
2018-02-22

Internal/external circuit board connection structure

#116
20180035536
2018-02-01

WIRING BOARD AND ELECTRONIC APPARATUS

#117
20180035533
2018-02-01

Circuits and methods providing electronic band gap (EBG) structures at memory module electrical coupling

#118
20180024671
2018-01-25

Conductive pattern

#119
20170359894
2017-12-14

Electrical conductors

#120
20170358878
2017-12-14

Electrical contact pad for electrically contacting a connector

#121
20170332488
2017-11-16

Metal base circuit board and method of manufacturing the metal base circuit board

#122
20170295650
2017-10-12

Wired circuit board including a conductive pattern having a wire and a dummy portion

#123
20170273178
2017-09-21

High-frequency signal line, method for producing same, and electronic device

#124
20170264260
2017-09-14

Multilayer substrate

#125
20170202495
2017-07-20

Shielded, folded connector for a sensor

#126
20170188454
2017-06-29

Conductor pad for flexible circuits and flexible circuit incorporating the same

#127
20170151916
2017-06-01

Vehicular panel and wiring structure for vehicle

#128
20170135201
2017-05-11

Driving printed circuit board for display device and display device having the same

#129
20170086286
2017-03-23

Circuit obfuscation using differing dielectric constants

#130
20170042035
2017-02-09

Flexible printed circuit board, method for manufacturing the same, and display device

#131
20170031199
2017-02-02

Semiconductor device and display device

#132
20170025730
2017-01-26

High-frequency signal transmission line and electronic device

#133
20170013716
2017-01-12

Differential trace pair system

#134
20170013707
2017-01-12

Trace border routing

#135
20160372811
2016-12-22

Transmission line member and electronic apparatus

#136
20160356840
2016-12-08

Flexible printed circuit and detecting device, detecting method and display device thereof

#137
20160353565
2016-12-01

Circuit board and liquid ejection head

#138
20160316570
2016-10-27

Method for manufacturing a non-planar printed circuit board assembly

#139
20160309592
2016-10-20

Printed wiring board

#140
20160291723
2016-10-06

Detection device and display device with detection function

#141
20160286646
2016-09-29

Planar lighting device and mounting substrate including conduction pattern with extension parts

#142
20160270222
2016-09-15

Multilayer wiring board and probe card having the same

#143
20160268666
2016-09-15

High-frequency signal line and electronic device provided with the same

#144
20160261017
2016-09-08

High-frequency signal transmission line and electronic apparatus

#145
20160233571
2016-08-11

Assembly of circuit boards and electronic device comprising said assembly

#146
20160165728
2016-06-09

Avoiding reflections in PCB signal trace

#147
20160156087
2016-06-02

High-frequency signal transmission line and electronic device

#148
20160150636
2016-05-26

Multilayer substrate

#149
20160123820
2016-05-05

High-sensitivity sensor comprising conductive thin film containing cracks and method for manufacturing same

#150
20160120026
2016-04-28

Circuit board, electronic component housing package, and electronic device

#151
20160118360
2016-04-28

Bump-on-trace design for enlarge bump-to-trace distance

#152
20160095211
2016-03-31

Optical module, optical transceiver, printed circuit board, and flexible printed circuit board

#153
20160094272
2016-03-31

Signal routing with reduced crosstalk

#154
20160079710
2016-03-17

Communications connectors including transmission lines having impedance discontinuities that improve return loss and/or insertion loss performance and related methods

#155
20160064793
2016-03-03

Signal transmission component and electronic device

#156
20160050751
2016-02-18

Multi-layer substrates including thin film signal lines

#157
20150373850
2015-12-24

Electronic component, method of manufacturing electronic component, and electronic device

#158
20150372483
2015-12-24

Device for connecting to a power network and method for protecting such a device

#159
20150351222
2015-12-03

Multi-layer resin substrate having grounding conductors configured to form triplate line sections and microstrip sections

#160
20150342030
2015-11-26

Printed wiring board

#161
20150340751
2015-11-26

Printed wiring board

#162
20150340149
2015-11-26

Chip electronic component and board for mounting thereof

#163
20150333388
2015-11-19

Flat cable

#164
20150325937
2015-11-12

Different-pitch flat cable connection structure, pitch-conversion flat cable, and method for producing pitch-conversion flat cable

#165
20150318595
2015-11-05

Transmission line, a transmission line apparatus, and an electronic device

#166
20150295296
2015-10-15

High-frequency transmission line

#167
20150280303
2015-10-01

High-frequency signal transmission line

#168
20150250055
2015-09-03

Electromagnetic field manipulation around vias

#169
20150245469
2015-08-27

Flexible flat circuit

#170
20150245466
2015-08-27

Paddle card with improved performance

#171
20150237726
2015-08-20

Tape package and display apparatus including the same

#172
20150230330
2015-08-13

Board assembly for transmitting high-speed signal and method of manufacturing the same

#173
20150223324
2015-08-06

Touch window

#174
20150173195
2015-06-18

Electronic component mounting structure and printed wiring board

#175
20150173170
2015-06-18

Chip on film flexible circuit board and display device

#176
20150162886
2015-06-11

Transmission line filter with tunable capacitor

#177
20150161929
2015-06-11

Trace structure for improved electrical signaling

#178
20150155845
2015-06-04

Structural body and wiring board

#179
20150146335
2015-05-28

Overcurrent protection device

#180
20150129284
2015-05-14

Shaped internal leads for a printed circuit substrate

#181
20150091675
2015-04-02

High-frequency signal line

#182
20150084167
2015-03-26

EBG structure, semiconductor device, and circuit board

#183
20150070104
2015-03-12

Components and circuits for output termination

#184
20150064516
2015-03-05

Flex circuit system for a battery assembly of an electrified vehicle

#185
20150054600
2015-02-26

High-frequency signal line and electronic device including the same

#186
20150049444
2015-02-19

Conductor pad for flexible circuits and flexible circuit incorporating the same

#187
20150048906
2015-02-19

High-frequency signal line and method for producing base layer with signal line

#188
20150042421
2015-02-12

Laminated flat cable and method for producing same

#189
20150027753
2015-01-29

Panel structure

#190
20150022286
2015-01-22

High-frequency signal line

#191
20150015345
2015-01-15

High-frequency signal transmission line and electronic device

#192
20150002360
2015-01-01

Semiconductor device, transmission system, method for manufacturing semiconductor device, and method for manufacturing transmission system

#193
20140368291
2014-12-18

Insulation circuit and communication equipment

#194
20140367154
2014-12-18

Capacitor arrangement structure and method of mounting capacitor

#195
20140347836
2014-11-27

Semiconductor device

#196
20140345920
2014-11-27

Suspension board with circuit and method of manufacturing the same

#197
20140334164
2014-11-13

Wiring board and light emitting device using same

#198
20140331482
2014-11-13

Crosstalk reduction between signal layers in a multilayered package by variable-width mesh plane structures

#199
20140319692
2014-10-30

Semiconductor device and method of forming high routing density interconnect sites on substrate

#200
20140318833
2014-10-30

Attenuation reduction grounding pattern structure for connection pads of flexible circuit board

#201
20140307359
2014-10-16

Electronic control device including interrupt wire

#202
20140262448
2014-09-18

High-frequency signal line, method for producing same, and electronic device

#203
20140253282
2014-09-11

Electronic control device including interrupt wire

#204
20140232488
2014-08-21

Flat cable

#205
20140209358
2014-07-31

Micro-wire electrode buss

#206
20140203886
2014-07-24

Communications connectors including transmission lines having impedance discontinuities that improve return loss and/or insertion loss performance and related methods

#207
20140196941
2014-07-17

Optimized via cutouts with ground references

#208
20140184362
2014-07-03

High-frequency signal line and electronic device

#209
20140184361
2014-07-03

High frequency signal line and electronic device

#210
20140184360
2014-07-03

High-frequency signal line and electronic device

#211
20140182902
2014-07-03

Circuit board with signal routing layer having uniform impedance

#212
20140179127
2014-06-26

Interconnection device for electronic circuits, notably microwave electronic circuits

#213
20140176264
2014-06-26

High-frequency signal line and electronic device including the same

#214
20140176254
2014-06-26

High-frequency signal transmission line and electronic device

#215
20140175680
2014-06-26

Electrical characteristics of package substrates and semiconductor packages including the same

#216
20140175672
2014-06-26

Hybrid substrate with high density and low density substrate areas, and method of manufacturing the same

#217
20140158401
2014-06-12

Display panel and wiring structure thereof

#218
20140147128
2014-05-29

Structure for connecting electrical trace lines of printed circuit boards and optical transceiver module with the same

#219
20140133114
2014-05-15

Multilayer circuit substrate

#220
20140125434
2014-05-08

High-frequency signal transmission line and electronic apparatus

#221
20140125426
2014-05-08

High-frequency signal transmission line and electronic apparatus

#222
20140110562
2014-04-24

Optoelectronic device packaging method and chip assembly having an isolation dielectric located on both sides of a high-frequency transmission line to form a coplanar waveguide transmission line

#223
20140110155
2014-04-24

Flexible multilayer substrate

#224
20140104803
2014-04-17

Circuit board incorporating electronic component and manufacturing method thereof

#225
20140102774
2014-04-17

Radiofrequency absorptive filter

#226
20140097916
2014-04-10

High-frequency signal transmission line

#227
20140085856
2014-03-27

Flexible printed circuit board and circuit-board connection structure

#228
20140077902
2014-03-20

High-frequency signal transmission line

#229
20140071646
2014-03-13

Routing design for high speed input/output links

#230
20140049344
2014-02-20

Wiring board

#231
20140048323
2014-02-20

Wiring board for mounting a semiconductor element

#232
20140009242
2014-01-09

Parasitic capacitance compensating transmission line

#233
20140008117
2014-01-09

CONNECTING STRUCTURE OF CIRCUIT BOARD

#234
20130344717
2013-12-26

Connector structure

#235
20130341806
2013-12-26

Substrate structure and semiconductor package using the same

#236
20130306362
2013-11-21

Printed circuit board

#237
20130234808
2013-09-12

Signal transmission line and circuit board

#238
20130188394
2013-07-25

Planar lighting device and mounting substrate including conduction pattern with extension parts

#239
20130122749
2013-05-16

Television and electronic apparatus

#240
20130063902
2013-03-14

Power supply control circuit module

#241
20130050968
2013-02-28

Circuit board with higher current

#242
20130037315
2013-02-14

Delay line structure

#243
20130032389
2013-02-07

Connection substrate

#244
20130027282
2013-01-31

Semiconductor device and display device

#245
20130026628
2013-01-31

Flip chip interconnection having narrow interconnection sites on the substrate

#246
20120312586
2012-12-13

Flexible printed board

#247
20120279774
2012-11-08

CIRCUIT BOARD

#248
20120274423
2012-11-01

High-frequency signal transmission line

#249
20120269522
2012-10-25

Differential transmission circuit and information processing system

#250
20120261166
2012-10-18

PRINTED CIRCUIT BOARD AND METHOD OF MANUFACTURING THE SAME

#251
20120241946
2012-09-27

Semiconductor Device and Method of Forming High Routing Density Interconnect Sites on Substrate

#252
20120241201
2012-09-27

CIRCUIT BOARD

#253
20120235764
2012-09-20

STRUCTURE OF TRANSMISSION LINE FOR DATA COMMUNICATION AND METHOD FOR DESIGNING THE SAME

#254
20120222891
2012-09-06

Electronic device and noise suppression method

#255
20120216694
2012-08-30

Method For Centering A Print Track

#256
20120211880
2012-08-23

Flip Chip Interconnection Having Narrow Interconnection Sites on the Substrate

#257
20120210564
2012-08-23

Circuit obfuscation using differing dielectric constants

#258
20120201087
2012-08-09

Laminated wiring board

#259
20120200974
2012-08-09

Electronic control device including interrupt wire

#260
20120200973
2012-08-09

Electronic control device including interrupt wire

#261
20120200972
2012-08-09

Electronic control device including interrupt wire

#262
20120200970
2012-08-09

Electronic control device including interrupt wire

#263
20120195008
2012-08-02

Printed circuit board

#264
20120188734
2012-07-26

WIRING BOARD AND METHOD FOR MANUFACTURING THE SAME

#265
20120182083
2012-07-19

Connection method and substrate

#266
20120182082
2012-07-19

Method and device for routing over a void for high speed signal routing in electronic systems

#267
20120176717
2012-07-12

CATEGORY 6A SURGE PROTECTOR

#268
20120125677
2012-05-24

Crosstalk reduction between signal layers in a multilayered package by variable-width mesh plane structures

#269
20120097432
2012-04-26

ELECTRODE ARRAY

#270
20120092273
2012-04-19

Trace border routing

#271
20120067630
2012-03-22

Circuit structure of circuit board

#272
20120052268
2012-03-01

Stretchable electronic device

#273
20120043117
2012-02-23

Signal transmission line and circuit board

#274
20120007688
2012-01-12

Printed circuit board

#275
20110299256
2011-12-08

Millimeter wave multi-layer packaging including an RFIC cavity and a radiating cavity therein

#276
20110290544
2011-12-01

Printed wiring board with crossing wiring pattern

#277
20110279195
2011-11-17

Broadband transition from a via interconnection to a planar transmission line in a multilayer substrate

#278
20110279189
2011-11-17

Printed wiring board and device including printed wiring board

#279
20110271025
2011-11-03

Computer motherboard

#280
20110256739
2011-10-20

Receptacle, printed wiring board, and electronic device

#281
20110249455
2011-10-13

Light emitting device module

#282
20110248399
2011-10-13

Semiconductor device and method of forming high routing density BOL BONL and BONP interconnect sites on substrate

#283
20110225817
2011-09-22

Method of manufacturing a printed circuit board

#284
20110217853
2011-09-08

Connection device for high frequency signals between a connector and a transmission line

#285
20110203842
2011-08-25

Method and structure for coaxial via routing in printed circuit boards for improved signal integrity

#286
20110203834
2011-08-25

Different signal transmission line for printed circuit board

#287
20110201214
2011-08-18

Receptacle structure, printed wiring board structure, and electronic device

#288
20110199741
2011-08-18

FLEXIBLE SUBSTRATE AND DISPLAY DEVICE PROVIDED WITH SAME

#289
20110193653
2011-08-11

Printed circuit board

#290
20110180206
2011-07-28

Method of providing conductive structures in a multi-foil system and multifoil system comprising same

#291
20110164371
2011-07-07

Printed circuit board

#292
20110156599
2011-06-30

Electronic module, methods of manufacturing and driving the same, and electronic instrument

#293
20110139493
2011-06-16

Display device

#294
20110132650
2011-06-09

High-speed ceramic modules with hybrid referencing scheme for improved performance and reduced cost

#295
20110132648
2011-06-09

Channel performance of electrical lines

#296
20110126221
2011-05-26

Flexible printed circuit and electric apparatus and optical disc drive having flexible printed circuit

#297
20110121922
2011-05-26

Flexible interconnect cable having signal trace pairs and ground layer pairs disposed on opposite sides of a flexible dielectric

#298
20110121085
2011-05-26

Electronic circuit and IC tag

#299
20110110052
2011-05-12

Multilayer wiring board

#300
20110108314
2011-05-12

ACTIVE DEVICE ARRAY SUBSTRATE